Term
| Characteristics of Case Control Studies |
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Definition
1) Single point of observation
2) Outcome defined by the presence or absence of condition or disease (one group has it, one group doesn’t have it)
3) Exposure determined retrospectively …. Look back in time for potential causes of condition/outcome |
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Term
| Goal of Case Control Studies? |
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Definition
| : Identifies possible causes by comparing two groups (one with and one without the condition or disease) on some exposure |
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Term
| Characteristics of Cohort Studies |
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Definition
1) Subjects are free of disease at the start of the study (e.g., lung cancer, adult criminality)
2) Subjects are classified according to their exposure to a risk factor or potential cause (e.g., smoking, child abuse)
3) Subjects are followed over time to determine who develops the disease or condition |
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Term
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Definition
| Is there an association between a factor or characteristic and the development of a disease? |
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Term
| Characteristics of Randomized Control Trials |
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Definition
1) Subjects are assigned randomly to groups --- results in functionally equivalent groups (e.g., groups that do not differ in inherent likelihood of developing an STD or sleep patterns)
2) Exposure is manipulated by investigator (he/she controls exposure)
3) Ideally, subjects and investigators are blinded to condition assignment
* single-blinded studies --- subjects do not know
* double-blinded --- subjects and investigators do not know |
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Term
| Goals of Randomized Control Trials |
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Definition
| Typically used to determine the effects of a therapeutic intervention on some outcome(s) (e.g., abstinence-based STD prevention program on STD occurrence) or simply the effect of one behavior on another (e.g., the effect of exercise on sleeping pattern) |
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Term
| What are the some of the Public Health Achievements of the 21st Century? |
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Definition
| Vaccination, Vehicle Safety, Safer Workplaces, Control of infectious diseases, Decline in dead from Coronary heart disease and stroke, Safer food, Healthier mothers and babies, Family planning, Fluoride in water, Recognition of tobacco as a demon. |
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Term
| I. 6 Ss of Public Health Data? |
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Definition
| Statistics, Single Case or small series,Surveys Sampling,Self Reporting,Sentinel Monitoring,Syndromic Surveillance, |
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Term
| Infant Mortality vs morbidity, |
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Definition
| Mortality is survival rate, while morbidity is the rate at which disease occurs, |
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Term
| Quality standards for Information on the Internet |
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Definition
| Overall Site Quality, Authors Quality,Information Quality and Presentation, Relevance, Timeliness(Current or Out dated) |
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Term
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Definition
A. How likely is it to occur?
B. How important is the outcome?
C. When will outcome occur? |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures and compares the importance that different people place on different possible outcomes, 100% Full health vs 0% Immediate health |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures the likely hood of mortality only until age 5 as after this age, mortality greatly decreases |
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Term
| Decisional Balance, Dread Effect? |
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Definition
| A shark attack, Gory visualization |
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Term
| Decisional Balance, Unfamiliarity Effect? |
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Definition
| Raised awareness to certain conditions. EX refusing to go to get a colonoscapy because never done it before |
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Term
| Health Adjusted Life Expectancy? |
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Definition
| HALE-reflects quality of health in relation to life expectancy, based on multiple physical, psychological, and cognitive criteria |
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Term
| Health-Related Quality of life |
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Definition
| How many days in past 30 has your mental or physical health kept you from performing usual activities?” (# of unhealthy days/30) |
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Term
| Disability Adjusted Life Years |
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Definition
| complex – based on judgments of impact of various diseases & risk factors |
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Term
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Definition
| Events in immediate future vs distant future events, Helps make decisions, |
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Term
| Decision making, INFORM of DECISION |
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Definition
| Clinician mainly makes decision, |
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Term
| Decision making, INFORMED CONSENT |
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Definition
| Clinician advises patient but he or she must weigh the benefits and the negatives of continuing treatment |
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Term
| Decision making, Shared DECISION MAKING |
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Definition
| Clinicians serve only as a source of information and do not advise according to their professional opinion, only there facts |
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Term
| What are the some of the Public Health Achievements of the 21st Century? |
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Definition
| Vaccination, Vehicle Safety, Safer Workplaces, Control of infectious diseases, Decline in dead from Coronary heart disease and stroke, Safer food, Healthier mothers and babies, Family planning, Fluoride in water, Recognition of tobacco as a demon. |
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Term
| What are the some of the Public Health Achievements of the 21st Century? |
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Definition
| Vaccination, Vehicle Safety, Safer Workplaces, Control of infectious diseases, Decline in dead from Coronary heart disease and stroke, Safer food, Healthier mothers and babies, Family planning, Fluoride in water, Recognition of tobacco as a demon. |
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