sex crimes decreases dramatcially

-however, rape didnt decrease

-primarily a crime of violence

-social science theory

-research: motives, other sexual outlets

---> case studies

-lust is not a major part of their doing

-primarily importance; humuliate and subjugate the women, bolster the attacker's feeling of powers, masculenity, and dominance (superiority)

-secondary importance: sexual arousal

-threat of death

-powerful imotions involved: rage humuliations

-->scars the pyche

-religon: against value system

-dehumanizes the victim

-social reason: porn sexualizes inequality (civil rights)

-porn colors the way men see women

-give them false expectations

-hurts relationships (adverse effect)

-mistreatment that come from dissappointment

visions of old girlsfriends (like the women of porn) can be lived thorugh vicariously by the male sexually

-porn stars are perpetually youn, when the wife gets older

(young competition)

-could damage relationship

no matter how many times it has been refined, it still is considered tentative

Could be: wrong, incomplete, outmodeled

Tom Hank's son learned about sex on cable

-kids were no longer ignorant

1) availability- the amount, how easy it was to get

2) nature- more graphic content, more violence

--> after 1970, things exploded

(cable, VCRs, children had acess to porn for the first time)

shown on lifetime during Saturday mid-afternoon

setostic sexuality

-kids could see them

-camera angle changed to the guy's perspective

-people could basically rape/ be violent against women (from the guys point of view)

...who were completely against porn

-stacked the deck in favor of the Triggor Theory

-their work was useless (not science)

spoof on the elctic shock-test (milgram experiments)

-paradoy

-wanted to know to what extent people would obey authority

-idea come from the Nazi's/ WWII

-milgram was astonished that almost all the teacher let it go all the way

-said peoople will set aside their consciousness if they believe the order comes from a legitament authority

1. astounding finding (extre iconclestic finding)- violates common sense

2. Some of the participants in the study were psychologically damaged by their actions -- crticised for putting his subjects at risk

3. ingenius research design --- able to find good info on a tough subject

-common sense

-policial perspective

-religous perspective

1. tentative

2. predictive

-sociology bases its finding on research

-->sociology's goal: to understand why people act the way they do

-whereas religion bases its finding on faith

political perspective is based on ideology

-you can never generalize by your own behavior --to small, unrepresentative

-you can't rely on studies wehre people are self selected for the study

social sciences biggest enemies

-frequently lets us down

-can't alsways see reality clearly through common sense

methodology

-peer review

-replication

-incorrect findings are eventually removed from the puzzle

1. peer review

2. replication

3. inccorrect findings are ventually removed from the puzzle

Structural Functional

Social Conflict

Symbolic Interpretive

(mafia film)

mafia= organization--> has a structure, fuctions

(structure funtionalist view= every existing part has a function)

-NOT a mob

-required the undertaker to call him "godfather"--> shows his authority

-every existing part has a function

-analogy: car (machine)

-society is a social machine "machine that moves thorugh time"

-every part works together --> society has parts and processes

-every part has a function, something is true of society

-those parts have to be assembled in a certain way to

-combination of parts have functions too

they look at each pasrt and process to see if its working properly

Ex) education institution: not just about education

-transmits value

-prepares you to fufill niches in the existing society

-operate to restrict the flow of people into the labor force

-big childcare centers

-->looks at what the institutions/ organizations are doing and how well they are doing it

(favors stability)

NO

Ex) mafia/ organized crime

The Godfather, tried to extend his structure (provides service) --undertakes was asking the godfather for justice

The Bronx Tale

-ridding the neighbood of motorcyclist, undesirable, etc

girl hates her job at a fast food place

-quits, makes a fake resume

-gets a great job in a fashin dept

(structurla funcionalist like to pigeon hole things)

-faked creditiona gave opportunity

-little education, but basica balitiy was there

-suceeded ebcause she had the basic ability to the job, then learned the job on the job

--> she would have never gotten that job without the fake credential

seas society as a continual struggle/ competition

-social behavior is best understood by the conflicts between groups

-first focused on the BATTLE between the classes (Karl Marx)

-nowdays, there are all kinds of battles

(classes, old vs. young, rural vs. surburan/ cities, race)

-conflicts theorist questions what values are actually given out (those of dominant class)

story about a secretory who wants to be the boss, when her boss break her leg she gets the chance to impersonate her with the help of Harrison Ford

-boss comes back early, tries to take credit for her project/ deal

-suports narrow gage thoery too (like Babysitter movie)

-tried to get into the training program, but wasnt sucessful because she had less credentials (inferiro/ lower class credentials)--> relative quality of the credentials

...more than just education, also transmits values

-conflicts theorist questions what values are actually given out (those of dominant class)

creditentialism

-its is the creditential that matter, not the education

-people tend to learn the job on the job

-narrow gage theory

-fake credentials gave her opperunity

*the lower classes are full of talented people, most of whoem never get to excel because of the gatekeeping ability of the education institution

(what makes you really good in buisness: imagination)

the more dominant group tried to hold control over the bus and the direction it goes

-constant struggle for control

-winners: social rewards of society

-losers: social problems

this is a "fish out of water"

-didnt now the hunter would be upset that he brought the deer back to life

-didnt understand the aggression of the hunter's friends

both meterologist had the same education and up to date technology

-one had instincts

-the other hand none--> died

-swung the peole from 60/40 in favor of socialized mediceine to 40/60

sociologists' goal: equality

capitalist's goal: freedom

-structural funcionalist, conflict thoery

-interested in the big parts of society

-interest in how institutions work

-radical

-activists

-pushes for redistribution of welath, reserouce

-pushes for a change

-uncomforabtable dealing with institutions

-want to deal with actual people

(focus on how people work, no how society works)

use all 3 perspectives

(structural functionist, conflict thoery, and symbolic interaction)

many people are not knowlegeable about political issues

-any times these peole shouldn't vote

-many times, people's political values dont match up with their political identities

internal culturea war between left and right

Biden: gove can give us everything

-Pain: we can do the jobs of gov. (we just want gove to get out of the way)

problem: gove has no money, it has to take from the people through taxes (mainly upper class)

Incometence of government programs

-lack of interest in reform/ no incentive to by government workers

contrast with gover programs--medicare

-much stricts/ more efficient in private sector

-wants to root out problems

top 50% of people pay 98% of the taxes

-gov. TAKES MONEY FROM THE PEOPLE

-cultural war is between those who want gove to take moeny from them vs those who are taking

-Norquist storngly in favor of the Leave of US Alone coalition, not the Tacking Coalistion

-clearly defines the two coalitoins

-whapt happens if technology is removed?

(midset of being without a society)

Soceity shatter, prgrams no longer work-- defenseless against nature

-we are articifial creation of our society

Bodies= hardware, society=software

-social robots

1. first place a smart perso ngoes is to a gun store, not hte supermarket

-collaspse of soceity = ANARCHY (chaos)

nature is cruel, life threating, and remorsless

(99.99% of all soceities have lready failed)

1. Economic Rreasons

Ex. oil, especially cheap oil

-everythings in US society is based on oil

2. Weapons of mass destrcution

-nuclear weapons

-biological warfare

Ex. Smallpox vaccine--> weaponized it made it 100times more powerful

-genetically altreed cure gone wrong = collapse is inevitable

struggle between scottish serfs and english monarchy

-fighting against on oppressive government which taxed him enormaoulsy

-ancesteor fought for our freedom

take a plane there

 - make sure to stack up on basic things first (guns, needles, book on 18th)

-gives us a view on where we're headed

-barren, no house, no buildings

= forces that stabilize society

-common values

OPPOSITE OF differentiating forces

OPPOSITE of integrating forces

-makes it more difficult for society to be stable

-social problems: poverty, sexism, racism

1. Cultural Systems = values (values determine the nature of everything else in the model)

2. Social Systems= institutions

3. Personality Systems= individuals

-social change is unceesing/ rapid (values keep changing)

-traditional American Society ---> on worksheet

help you understand their society

-VS tradition/ conservative

vs. Left/ european social welfar state

-radical islma

conar's village would be much liek our early village outsiders (villans) are coming over the water to our disease free island

-want our food, women, etc

need to protect ourselves from nature and people

-need external securtiy

-ineocracy

-conversion to Islam (no assiliation, no melting pot)

-little personal freedom

-no freedom for women

acquired beliefs that are transmitted from general generation

-our traditional values come from our western civilization

WESTERN CIVILIZATION

Struts= 1. anglo saxon/ 2. judeo/ christian tradition

-rugged individualism

-freedoms

-self reliance

-marrage for life

-sex withing marriage

-childbreaing during marriage

-homeosexuality as evil

-pro life

-equality

-family values

tried to end slavery

-lifelong battle (aboltion)

-finially the British Parliment agreed

wrote Amazing Grace

-wilberforce's minister, former slave trade ship owner

the left

-no longer need to takes Wester Civ. course

-learn about our political/ religous history

-left calls that ethocentric

-favors secularism, entitlement

• codified values
• tremendous battle over values becuase they determine the consitution

-rational

-hard work/ industrious

-youth

-beauty

-values which generate other values

-answer the most basic questions

-will give rise to secondary values

Ex) what will be the realtionship be between humans and the natural world

US----------------------------NA-------------------------Amish

i-------------------------------i--------------------------------i

dominating nautre           harmony              nature wins

division of labor in society

-still havent decided in our sown soceity (even after 200 years)

-divison of labor based on ability

-feminist are pushing for non discrimatory volutnerism

gender norming (left)

abilities/ talent (right)

socially constructed

-even many thing that we consider natural

EX. liking the opposite sex

cultural systems > social systems >  personality system

to accomplish nessary tasks

-institutions solve perenrial, reoccurring problems

-need protections from the bad guys

-military, police organisms

how are we going to regulate sexuallity? question every society needs to answer

-regulation of sex

-regualtion of reprodcution

-socialization

maintenance (old, sick weak)

-social placement (how are kids raised)

-personal, social, emotional

complicated

-more comples society--> more institutions

-specialized institutions

EX. healthcare and science institutions

six

1. poliltical

2. economic

3. educations

4. religoius

5. recreational

6. kinship

usualy the breeeding ground for PSE needs

-child's early social relationships effect the later ones

-intimate, face to face connections help well being

the android becoem nearly human

-lived with the family

-went from a stiff emotionless robot to nearly human

-self sacrificing

-loveable

-family socialized/ humanized him

-PSE need

-answer to regualr, recurring problems

-need the slots to be filled easily

-interchangeable person

-wnat to creat social machines that operate on its own

EX. death penality

-have to choose between no sex and sex society

-the need to choose between free love or marriage

-how should marriage be set up

formalization of a sexual union

-monogamy = STRUCTURE

-polygamy= STRUCTURE

-polgyrn/ polydrix

--> carry out a function

free love/ romantic love

-best childbearers get ment (matchmakers)

-lottery

-committe

--> everything requires an ORGANIZATION

deal with the division of labor

-who has to make the coffe, read the book, make questions

-specialization of task (increasing in society)

division of labor

-sex

-age

-volunteerism

-ability

-could taks turns

-class/ coste

-basic institutions failed (certain taks that every society needs to get done were not sucessful)

-economic institution was prblematic (lived on the plains)

-few agricutlural skills--> didnt want to work hard

-no enough food, no surplus

-nonconformists

-druggies/ boozers

-didnt want to work hard (noncompetitive)

-little focus on time

= ME

another problem for the communes

didnt give their leaders only authority

consequently, things didnt get done

no religous base needed to get through the hard times and hard work

-economic institution

-political institution

-not a religous group

famous cult film

-societies arent easy, they can fail easily

any set of values wont do--> values have to fit the environment and social circumstances

process that connects the social system to the personality system

process of impression on people oppropriate social behavior

-impresses values and defines norms/ roles for the individual