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Test 2
Test
59
Political Studies
Undergraduate 1
03/15/2009

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Term
Which of the following describes a written statement made in reckless disregard of the truth that is considered damaging to a victim b/c it is malicious scandalous and defamatory.
Definition
Libel
Term
From 1789 until the 1960s, the Bill or Rights put limits on
Definition
the national gov
Term
The amendment that provided the basis for the modern understanding of the gov obligation to protect civil rights was
Definition
14
Term
The so called lemon test, derived from the upreme courts ruling in Lemon v Kurtzman concerns the issue of
Definition
aid to religious schools
Term
The process by which some of the liberties in the Bill of Rights were applied to the states
Definition
selective incorporation
Term
which of the following provided that any of the protections contained in teh Bill of Rights applies to the states as well as the national gov.
Definition
None of
the 14th amendment
Palko v Connecticut
Gitlow v N. York
Term
Which of the following protections are not contained in the 1st amendment
Definition
all of
the establishment clause
the free exercise clause
freedom of the press
Term
The 4,5,6, and 8th amendments, taken together, define
Definition
due process of law
Term
In what case was a right to privacy first found in the constituion
Definition
Griswold v Connecticut
Term
Which famous case deals w/ 6th amendment issues
Definition
Gideon v Wainwright
Term
Congress is
Definition
bicameral
Term
The process of redrawing the boundaries of congressional districts is called
Definition
redistricting
Term
Which party controls congress
Definition
Democrats
Term
Which part of gov. was the only part of gov. that has always been directly elected by the ppl
Definition
House of rep
Term
which group is over-represented in congress
Definition
white males
Term
W. Bush was widely criticized for his response to which crisis
Definition
Katrina
Term
Presidents have used_____to withhold info on executive branch deliberations from other branches of gov.
Definition
executive privlege
Term
Which of the following is not one of the powers of the president listed in the constitution
Definition
all of
make treaties
carry out laws
grant pardons
Term
according to the US Const. the president is selected by
Definition
the electoral college.
Term
which branch of gov. has the constitutional power to declare war
Definition
congress
Term
members of congress can work as agents of their constituents by
Definition
providing direct patronage
Term
why as public approval of congress as an institution declined since the 1970s
Definition
congress has increasingly opened itself up to the control of special interests.
Term
because they have larger and more heterogeneous constituencies, senators
Definition
can better represent the national interest
Term
sociological representation is important in understanding the US congress b.c
Definition
the symbolic composition of congress is important for the political stability of the US
Term
what type of representation is described when constituents have the power to hire and fire their representative
Definition
agency representation
Term
incumbency is an important factor in deciding who is elected to congress b/c
Definition
incumbents have tools they can use to help ensure reelection
and
potentially strong challengers may be dissuaded from running b.c of the strength of the incumbent.
Term
Some have argued that the creation of minority congressional districts has
Definition
made it more difficult for minorities to win substantive policy goals
Term
which of the following is not an important influence on how members of congress vote on legislation
Definition
the media
Term
which of the following types of committees does not include members of both the house and the senate
Definition
standing committee
Term
An agreement btw. members of congress to trade support for each others bill is known as
Definition
logrolling
Term
which article of the const. establishes the presidency
Definition
Art. 2
Term
which of the following was powers does the constitution not assign to the president
Definition
declaring war
Term
which of the following does not require the advice and consent of the senate
Definition
an executive agreement
Term
which of the following terms has been ussed to describe the presidency as presidents power to make themselves more powerful
Definition
"the imperial presidency"
Term
By what process can congress reject a presidential veto
Definition
veto override
Term
which of the following describes the presidential foreign policy advisory council composed of the president, the vice pres, the sec. of state, defense and the treasury, the attorney general, and others
Definition
the "inner cabinet"
and
The national security council
Term
the office of management an budget is part of
Definition
the executive office of the press
Term
which 20th century pres. transformed the american system of gov. from a congress-centered to a president centered system
Definition
Franklin Roosevelt
Term
How many ppl work for agencies within the executive office of the president
Definition
1500 to 2000
Term
Dollree Mapp was convicted through evidence obtained through an illegal police search, what happened in the case
Definition
Supreme court said the evidence could not be used.
Term
the bill of rights originally applied to
Definition
both national and state gov.
Term
Civil liberties primarily
Definition
protect ppl form gov. abuse of power
Term
____limit what the gov and do, while _____ defines how to gov can act
Definition
substantive liberties, procedural liberties
Term
which kind of speech is the least protected
Definition
fighting words.
Term
In what case did the US Supreme court declare "separate education facilities are unequal"
Definition
Brown v Board of education
Term
By what year were blacks and women actually able ot vote in large numbers
Definition
1965
Term
Affirmative action allows
Definition
companies to consider minority status, all other things being equal
Term
Against what group is it illegal to discriminate in hiring (in most states)
Definition
homosexuals
Term
When did civil rights become part of the constitution
Definition
with the adoption of the 14th amendment in 1868
Term
Which civil rights case established the separate but equal law
Definition
plessy v ferguson
Term
Which civil rights case established the separate but equal law
Definition
plessy v ferguson
Term
massive resistance refers to efforts by southern states during the late 1950s and early 1960s to
Definition
defy federal mandates to desegregate public schools
Term
Which of the following organizations established a Legal Defense Fund to challenge segregation
Definition
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Term
What made discrimination by private employers and state governments illeagal
Definition
the 1964 civil rights act
Term
in what way does the struggle for gender equality most resemble the stuggle for racial equaliy
Definition
changes in gov policies to a great degree produced political action
Term
What are examples of an area in which women have made progress since the 1970s in guaranteeing certain civil rights
Definition
sexual harassment, integration into all-male publicly supported universities, more equal funding for college women's varsity athletic program
Term
what civil rights measures dealt with access to public businesses and accommodations
Definition
the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act, and the 1964 Civil Rights Act
Term
What case represents the Brown V. Board of edu. case for lesbians and gay men
Definition
None
Term
In what case did the supreme court find that "rigid quotas are incompatible with the equal protection clause of the 14 amendment
Definition
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
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