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Test 2
Ch 17
31
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 2
11/03/2010

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
broad spectrum def
Definition
antibiotic that is effective against a very large variety of organisms
Term
nosocomial infections are usually _____ to at least one type of antibiotic
Definition
resistant
Term
Which organism is resistant to most meds?
Definition
MRSA
Term
What drug can treat MRSA?
Definition
Vanco
Term
Which bacteria is resistant to vancomycin?
Definition
VRE
Term
What 3 factors decrease the chance of resistance?
Definition

better pt & dr education

accurate diagnosis

targeted treatment

Term
Selection of anti-infectives is based on:
Definition

1. hepatic/renal function

2. Age of pt

3. Prego/Lactation

4. Likelihood of developing resistance

5. known med allergies

Term
allergic hypersensitivity symptoms:
Definition
rash, hives, mild fever
Term
allergic hypersensitivity symptoms:
Definition
rash, hives, mild fever
Term
3 adverse reactions to anti-infectives:
Definition

Allergic hypersensitivity

Direct toxicity

Indirect toxicity/superinfection

Term
direct toxicity symptoms:
Definition

ototoxicity

nephrotoxicity

hepatotoxicity

blood dyscrasias

phlebitis

phototoxicity

Term
indirect toxicity/superinfection def
Definition
a new infection with different resistant bacteria or fungi as a result of killing the normal flora in the intestines or mucous membranes, esp with broad-spectrum antibiotics
Term
where do you find the most up to date info on vaccines?
Definition
Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Term
aminoglycosides treat :
Definition
gram negative & positive bacteria
Term
what bacteria is generally resistant to aminoglycosides?
Definition
enterococci
Term
examples of aminoglycosides
Definition

amikacin

gentamicin

tobramicin

Term
aminoglycosides are usually administered:
Definition
IV or IM = not thru GI tract
Term
how do you determine appropriate dosing for aminoglycosides?
Definition
Peak and Trough Labs
Term
aminoglycoside serious side effects
Definition

nephro & oto toxicity

resp paralysis

headache, tremor, lethargy, numbness, seizures

Term
aminoglycoside contraindications:
Definition

prego/lact

< renal function

dehydration

infants & elderly

Term
Aminoglycoside education
Definition

close med supervision

I&Os

watch kidney or hearing problems

Term
Cephalosporin def
Definition
semisynthetic antibiotic derivatives produced by a fungus
Term
 are cephalosporins narrow or broad spectrum?
Definition
broad - gram neg & pos bacteria
Term
1st generation cephalosporins:
Definition
effective against gram+ bacteria, causing pneumonias & UTI's
Term
2nd-generation cephalosporins:
Definition

gram +&- bacteria

example: bacterial influenza

Term
3rd generation cephalosporin:
Definition

effective against more gram negative bacteria

ex: STDs (gonorrhea)

Term
4th generation cephalosporins
Definition

Maxipime

gram + & - bacteria

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