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| tree bark, outer covering, cortex |
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| the system of thebody that functions in homeostasis by releasing hormones from endocrine glands |
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| a chemical substance secreted by certain cells that travel through the blood stream to eventually trigger changes in target cells |
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| a pair of glands that are located on top of the kidney which consist of the adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla |
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| outter region of adrenal gland which secretes hormones that regulate fluid balance and blood pressure, reduce inflammation, and stimulate development of sex characterisitics |
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| the inner part of adrenal gland whcih secretes hormones that prolong conditions for a fight or flight response including an increase in matabolism, heart rate, blood pressure, etc. |
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| the 4 or 5 pea-sized glands embedded within the posterior side of hte larger thyroid gland which secret parathyroid hormone to increase calcium levels int he blood |
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| a large butterfly shaped soft gland on the anterior side of the neck which consists of a right and left lobe connected by a narrow band called the isthmus. It secretes 3 hormones that regulate synthesis of glucose in most cells of the body and stimulate the production of new bone material to reduce calcium levels in the blood |
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| secrete sex hormones and cells. male: testis, female: ovarries |
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| these clusters of cells are distributed throughout the pancreas and are responsible for secretion of pancreatic hormones insulin and glucagon |
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| sum of all energy activites in the body; a condition of change |
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| soft oblong organ located behind stomach in the abdominal cavity which secrets hormones regulating blood sugar levels |
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| small pea-sized gland in center of brain that secretes melatonin which regulates body rhythms |
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| base of brain, connected to hypothalumus. master gland consists of anterior and posterior lobe and maintains control over the glands also called hypophysis |
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| any cell of body that is affected by a particular hormone, effects are a change in metabolism or protein synthesis |
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| a soft gland located anterior and above the heart, it shrinks in size after puberty and secretes thymosin which initiates the immune response |
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| an abnormal accumulation of waste that are acidic, symptom of diabetes mellitus; caused by kidney or respiratory disorders |
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| abnormal protrusion of the eye |
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| an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by a tumor, lack of iodine in the diet, or infection |
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| abnormal increase in hormone production, results from inherited disease or tumor |
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| abnormal decrease in hormone production occuring when endocrine gland suffers trauma or disorder or tumor |
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| excessive amount of ketone bodies in the blood and urine, symptom of abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates as seen in diabetes and starvation aka ketoacidosis |
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| excretion of abnormally large volumes of urine |
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| enlargement in bones in face and hand, caused by hypersecretion of GH from pituitary gland after puberty |
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| chronic syndrome caused by hyposecretion of adrenal cortex characterized by dark skin, loss of appetite, mental depression, and muscle use |
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| abnormal condition of a gland |
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| excessive production of androgen (male sex hormone) by adrenal cortex. cause by adrenal hyperplasia or a tumor in adult women |
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| inflammation of adrenal gland |
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| adrenalcortico hyperplasia |
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| abnormal development of adrenal cortex resulting in excessive size and hypersecretion |
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| disease of the adrenal gland |
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| deficiency of calcium; hypocalcimia |
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| congenital hypothyroidism in children which results in reduced mental development and dwarfed physical stature |
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| results from hypersecretion of adrenal cortex characterized by obesity, moonface, hyperglycemia |
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| causd by hyposecretion of ADH by posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. symptoms include polydipsia and polyuria |
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| chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, includes type 1 which requires hormone replacement with insulin and type 2 which can usually be managed with diet and exercise programs |
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| general disease of the endocrine system |
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| presence of excessive body hair |
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| abnoramlly high calcium levels in the blood |
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| abnormally high levels of glucose in the blood |
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| excessive amounts of insulin in the blood resulting in low levels of sugars in the blood, fainting and convulsions |
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| abnormally high potassium levels in the blood |
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| hypersecretion of the thyroid gland, which is characterized by exophthalmos, goiter, rapid heart rate, and weight loss, also called Grave's disease or thyrotoxicosis |
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| abnormally low sodium levels in the blood |
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| hyposecretion of hypothyroid gland |
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| hyposecretion of the thyroid gland. slow heart rate, dry skin, low energy, and weight gain |
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| advanced hypothyroidism in adults: characteristics of low energy, swollen hands and face, and dry skin |
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| inflammation of the pancreas |
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| hyposecretion of GH by pituitary in an early age slowing growth and causing a short but proportional stature. congentital that can be treated with GH therapies |
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| hypersecretion of GH by pituitary in an early age increasing growth and causing a tall but proportional stature. |
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| caused by deficieny of parathyroid hormone, low calcium levels in blood lead to excitation of nerves and muscle spasms |
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| a condition resulting from excessive thyroid hormone |
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| surgical removal of the adrenal gland |
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| diagnostic test to determine blood sugar levels following a 12 hr fast extreme variations in blood sugar is an indication of diabetes mellitus |
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| physician specializing in treatment of endocrine disorders |
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| test to confirm diabetis mellitus and to determine other abnormalities in glucose metabolism. follows Fasting Blood Sugar. patient given glucose, blood samples taken, levels determined and charted |
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| measurement of blood sugar levels after a meal usually over 2 hours. |
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| radioactive iodine uptake |
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| measures thyroid function in which radioactive iodine uptake into thyroid gland is measured |
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| records image of thyroid gland following oral administration of a labelling substance, usually idoine, used to detect thyroid tumors |
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| measures amount of thyroxin in blood to determine hyperthyroidism |
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| hormone replacement therapy |
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| use of drug that replaces hormone to correct deficiency |
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| use of radioactive iodine to treat a disease such as thyroid tumor |
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| excision of the thyroid gland |
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| incision into the thyroid gland |
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| excision of entire thyroid/parathyroid |
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