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Test 2 Bach
Bach's works
37
Music
Graduate
10/23/2008

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Term
Well Tempered Clavier (WTC)
Definition
Major Keyboard work in all 24 keys comprised of preludes and fugues in each key.
~After this work, Bach never wrote in some keys again
~Published in 1801 after his death
~Transcribed by Mozart; known by many serious musicians.
Term
(WTC) Pachelbel
Definition
wrote some suites for keyboard - wrote in same type of key sequence as Bach (but put minors before the majors)
Term
(WTC) Mattheson
Definition
First to write in all 24 keys [for organ] just figured bass exercises
Term
(WTC) JKF Fischer
Definition
Ariadne musica - 19 short preludes and fugues in 19 different keys
~probably the most strong influence on the WTC
~Not 'great'works like Bach's
Term
WTC Editions
Definition
Alfred - nice study edition
Term
WTC Key Scheme
Definition
C,c,D-flat,c sharp,D to B-flat - every key, parallel minor, go up chromatically
Term
WTC Preludes
Definition
Short, highly unified pieces in which the tendency is to operate with a short motive.
Term
Prelude #5 in D major
Definition
scale fragments
Term
Prelude in d minor
Definition
broken chord patterns
Term
Prelude in F major
Definition
broken chord pattern
~good for practicing performing long trills, prefixes from above and below.
Term
Prelude in E-flat major
Definition
~not a single patterned prelude
~prelude and double fugue all by itself
Term
Prelude in c minor
Definition
tempo marking written by Bach near end, but not at beginning
Term
Prelude in e minor
Definition
pastorale
Term
Prelude in C major
Definition
~style brise (lute music)
~breaking of chords to create contrapuntal effect.
Term
(WTC) trio sonata
Definition
two voices with Bass, often moving in parallel type motion
Term
(WTC) Arioso style
Definition
b-flat and e-flat minor prelude - vocal, song like
Term
(WTC) Fugues
Definition
~48 total 45 are 3 or 4 voice fugues
~26 3-voice
~19 4-voice
~1 2-voice
~2 5-voice
Term
C major fugue (WTC I)
Definition
one long exposition with no episode
Term
G minor fugue (WTC I)
Definition
countersubject is retrograde inversion of the subject
Term
Tureck's fugue principles
Definition
fugue subject is a fixed idea/constant motive (it doesn't develop like a sonata theme)
~articulation and phrasing should be consistent.
~Cannot voice a fugue accurately unless you hear all the voices on their own.
~Alternation between exposition and episodes (sequence, modulation, etc.)
Term
Fugue in C major
Definition
unique: it's all exposition (no episode)--subject is always being presented
Term
G minor
Definition
countersubject is a retrograde inversion of the subject
Term
Fugue characteristics
Definition
~Continuously driving rhythms
~Figuration patterns
~sequential phrase structures
~Striking intervals in the subject
Term
Devices of learned counterpoint
Definition
~Augmentation, diminution, and retrograde are seldom used
~Inversion and stretto (to narrow or tighten) are used quite often
Term
Stretto in a fugue
Definition
~entrances of fugue come closer and closer together
~Creates excitement and tension- leads to climax
~B-flat minor fugue - stretto happens every half note apart
Term
Inversion in a fugue
Definition
~d minor fugue #6
~G major fugue #15
Term
How preludes and fugues are related
Definition
~German composers saw the big picture (french thought smaller) they either contrast or complement each other
~Very seldom find a motive that is in both the prelude and fugue (WTC I: c minor) WTC I: b minor #24 - uses all 12 tones in the fugue subject.
Term
Suites
Definition
~French Suite
~English Suite
~Partitas
3 sets of 6
Term
Naming the suites
Definition
Bach probably didn't name the French and English suites, but he named the partitas
Term
French suite
Definition
Most dance types are french
Term
English Suites
Definition
Bach may have been influenced by studying the suites of Dieupart in London
Term
French suite
Definition
~Essentially 2-part writing
~short
~no introductory pieces
Term
English Suites
Definition
~more dissonant
~Longer
~More rhythmically complex
~Have important introductory movements
Term
Partitas
Definition
~Brilliant (showy)
~Highly ornamented in the french style
Term
Basic Dance forms
Definition
ACSG: Allemande, Courante, Sarabande(English suite: 2 optional dances between the sarabande and gigue), Gigue
Term
English Suite in A Major
Definition
~Fantasy: could very easily be the opening of a toccata.
~The rest is in the style of a gigue
~opening movements can work well by themselves.
Term
English suite no. 2
Definition
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