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test 2 a
module 8
22
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 1
09/26/2011

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
two z's for schizophrenia
Definition

Zyprexa (olanzapine)

Ziprasidone (Geodon)

Term

Serotonin greater than dopamine

 

Definition
less incidence of esps and td
Term

Extrapyramidal symptoms

 

 

Definition

Acute dystonia- spasm of tongue and neck(can give benadryl if bad reaction)

Pseudeparkinsonism-tremors ticks etc

Akathisia-pacing and restlesness

Tardive dyskinesia-twisting or wormlike movement of tongue or lip smacking

Term
Neuroleptic Malignant syndrome
Definition

life threatening emergency

high grade fever

bp fluctuations

dysrhythmias

muscle rigidity

change in level of consciousness

Give Dantrolene, ASA tylenol, cooling blankets and stop the meds

Term

Zyprexa(olanzapine)

Ziprasidone(Geodon)

Definition

Adverse effects: Sedation, orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth, blurred vision, conostipation from Muscaranic blockade

Metabolic effects weight gain (Geodon) being the lowest contributor, diabetes

Report flu like sypmtoms, chest pain.

NOT FOR DEMENTIA

Term

SSRI Selective Serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Anti depressants

S.E.F.

Definition

Sertraline(Zoloft)

Escitalopram(lexapro)

Fluoxetine(prozac)

Term

SSRI(S.E.F) F is also for with (food)

Sertraline(Zoloft)

Escitalopram(lexapro)

Fluoxetine(Prozac)

 

Definition

Sexual dysfunction, weight gain, sleepiness

effects in 10-20 days

wean off slowly

Take with food

can cause serotonin syndrome

can increase bleeding in the GI tract do not take with NSAIDs

MAOI increase the risk

Term
Serotonin Syndrome
Definition

begins 2-72 hours after starting treatment

sweating, mental confusion,agitation,anxiety,hallucinations,hyperreflexia,tremors

Term

SNRI

Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor

Definition

Desvenlafaxine (pristiq)

used when SSRIs dont work

A/E nausea, headache,anorexia

2-4 weeks to see results

wean slowly

do not take with MAOIs

Term

NDRI

Norepinephrine Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor

Definition

Bupropion(welbutrin)

Stimulant action and supresses appetite

used when SSRIs dont work

SAD(seasonal affective disorder) and smoking cessation therapy

A/E most serious seizures

common agitation,headache,dry mouth

Term

MAOI

Monoamine oxidase inhibitor

 

 

Definition

phenelzine(nardil)

block MAO in the brain increasing norepinephrine and serotonin available for transmission=byebye depression

A/E CNS stimulation(anxiety,agitation,mania) Orthostatic hypotension

Most dangerous hypertansive crisis from eating foods with tyramine(yogurt,cheese,chocalate,red wine,yeast sausage,bananas,smoked meat)

Term

Bipolar Disorder

Aripirazole(abilify)

 

Definition

makes it ABIL to wait for therapeutic levels of lithium

Dopamine and serotonin agonist

Adverse effects: Suicidal thoughts, drowsiiness, extrapyramidal reactions, akathisia, confusion, depression

used to control symptoms during manic episodes

Term

Bipolar Disorder

Lithium

Definition

Blocks serotonin receptors and protects against neuronal atrophy and/or promote neuronal growth

A/E: N/V, diarrhea, thirst, polyuria (3Lday) lethargy, slurred speech, hand tremors,muscle weakness

category D do not breastfeed

Later signs blurred vision, seizures, trembling, confusion, and ataxia

some uses alcoholism,bulimia

Term

lithium

Ranges

Definition

initial 0.8-1.4

good level 0.4-1.0

toxic>1.5

must maintain a good sodium level 135-145 low sodium causes lithium buildup

Can take with aspirin

take with food and maintain a normal sodium intake

drink 2-3 liters of fluid per day

monitor blood levels regularly

Term

Benzodiazepines

nonbarbituate sedative hypnotic

(Anxiety)Alprazolam(xanax)

(anxiety-epileptics)Lorazepem(ativan)

(anxiety-musclespasm)Diazepam(valium)

 

Definition

Enhance the action of GABA in the CNS brain

Calming effect on the CNS

Useful to control agitation and anxiety

Not used for long time due to rebound insomnia

With valium give flumazenil for overdose

take before bed avoid alcohol and other cns stimulants

Term
Benzodiazepines
Definition

Paradoxal excitement-insomnia,excitation,euphoria,anxiety, rage

Side effects drowsiness dizziness vertigo lethargy

hangover effect due to REM rebound

OVERDOSE is drowsiness, lethargy,confusion,slow respirations

Term

ADHD CNS Stimulants

R.A.S.

these kids and people will ras you

Definition

Methylphenidate(Ritalin,Concerta)

Amphetamine(adderall XR)

Atomoxetine(strattera)

Term

ADHD CNS Stimulants

Methylphenidale(Ritalin,Concerta)

Amphetamine(Adderall XR)

Atomoxetine(strattera)

Definition

Release Norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain and inhibit reuptake

A/E:CNS stimulation insomnia and restlessness weight loss, dysrhythmias,and angina, paranoid psychosis

Take Am dose after breakfast and pm early afternoon to minimize interference with eating

strattera can cause suicidal thinking

Term

ADHD CNS stimulants

Methylphenidale(ritalin,concerta)

Amphetamine(adderallXR)

Atomoxetine(Strattera)

Definition

IMprove attention and focus

Nursing diagnosis might be sleep pattern disturbance with adderall, possibly used with narcolepsy, are give orally

monitor for reduced appetite, emotional lability,do not crush or chew. can cause suicidal thoughts

increase wakefulness, alertness, reduce fatigue, augment self confidence, supress appetite and perception of pain and increase heart rate

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