Term
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Definition
| proposed theory of continental drift in the 1930's |
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Term
| Continental theory was rejected because... |
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Definition
| continents were thought to be incabalbe of sliding over solid surfaces |
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Definition
| thickest under continents and thinnest under oceans |
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| The aesthenoshpere lies within... |
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Definition
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| Paleomagnetism has revealed that... |
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Definition
| the earths magnestic field has reversed several times |
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Term
| Plate motions are governed by |
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Definition
| convective mass transfer and gravitational sliding |
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| Relative to continental crust, ocean floor crust is... |
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Definition
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| Modern crust is created by... |
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Definition
| divergent plate boundaries |
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| The San Andreas Fault is... |
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Definition
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| Appalachian and Himalayan Mountains represent... |
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Definition
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| Island arcs are associated with... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| remain statonary as lithospheric plates move over them |
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Term
| Lithosperic plates move and average of... |
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Definition
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Term
| Spreading centers with the highest rate of movement are located... |
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Definition
| along the East Pacific Rise |
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Term
| The largest plate consisting of mostly oceanic material is... |
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Definition
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Term
| Volcanoes are not likely found... |
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Definition
| along transform plate boundaries |
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Definition
| not associated with plate boundaries |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| Average temperature of the lithosphere |
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Definition
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| Average geothermal gradient within the oceanic lithosphere about 100 km thick |
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Definition
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Term
| Temperature at the center of the Earth |
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Definition
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Term
| Continental crust is enriched in |
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Definition
| sodium-potassium and silicon |
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Term
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Definition
| thinner and heavier then continental crust |
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Term
| Much of the Earth's iron is located in... |
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Definition
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Term
| The most abundant ELEMENT in crust is... |
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Definition
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Term
| Amoung elements that makes up the earth's crust oxygen... |
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Definition
| has ions with negative charges |
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Term
| Crustal element with largest ioonic radius... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| more than one type of ion charge |
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Term
| Atoms are bonded togther by... |
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Definition
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Term
| Strongest covalent bonding |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Na-Cl
Bonding between oppositely charged atoms |
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Term
| Most dominant type of bonding in Si-O |
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Definition
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Term
| Minerals are classified by... |
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Definition
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Definition
| source of carbon dioxide in atmosphere |
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Term
| An example of an oxide mineral is.. |
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Definition
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Term
| Most common silicate minneral in soil |
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Definition
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Term
| Source of phosphorous and can be foundin animal bones and teeth... |
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Definition
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Term
| Mineral with origin primarily from the alteration of feldspar |
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Definition
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Term
| Mineral that does not occur in lunar rocks.. |
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Definition
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Term
| Physical properties of a mineral are a reflection of its.... |
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Definition
| internal arrangment os cemical constituents |
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Term
| A solid isn't considered a mineral unless... |
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Definition
| it's chemical constituents are arranged in a definite order |
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Term
| Mineral that is essentially hydrous aluminum silicate... |
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Definition
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Term
| Common potassium-bearing mineral |
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Definition
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Term
| Salt beds are composed of... |
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Definition
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Term
| Most abundant MINERAL in crust is... |
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Definition
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Term
| NON iron-magnesium bearing mineral |
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Definition
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Term
| Can cause water to be acidic |
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Definition
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Term
| Can decrease acidity in water... |
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Definition
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Term
| Mineral with high swelling ability |
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Definition
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| Mineral formed in oxygen deficient environment |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| Replacement of a chemical element by another in the structure of a mineral can be possible provided that... |
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Definition
| the ions of the elements are nearly similar in size and charge |
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Term
| Coral reefs are consisted of mostly |
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Definition
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Term
| Diatoms, grass blades and several biological minerals contain precipates of silica known as... |
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Definition
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Term
| Example of a sulfide mineral... |
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Definition
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Term
| Example of a carbonate mineral... |
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Definition
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Term
| Some chemical compounds can occur in nature in different forms and hence produce distinctly different minerals. This is illustrated by... |
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Definition
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Term
| Two most abundant minerals in granite are... |
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Definition
| potassium feldspar and quartz |
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Term
| The two most abundant minerals in andesite are... |
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Definition
| soda-calcium feldspar and hornblende |
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Term
| The two most abundant minerals in basalt are... |
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Definition
| calcium rich feldspar and pyroxene |
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Term
| Magamas are typically characterized by their... |
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Definition
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Term
| The range of silica contents in igneous rocks is... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Occurs as an intrusive igneous rock |
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Definition
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Term
| Occurs as an extrusive igneous rock |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| Silica content can be increased by... |
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Definition
fractional crystalization in magma
or
contamination caused by melting of crystal rocks |
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Term
| Magmas of different compositions can result from... |
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Definition
| diferent degrees of partial melting |
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Term
| The most abundant gas in magma is... |
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Definition
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Term
| The 2nd most abundant gas in magma is... |
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Definition
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Term
| The magma with the highest about of gas content is... |
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Definition
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Term
| An important role in gas is... |
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Definition
| to decrease the melting temperature of rock |
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Term
| Increased about of gas in magma... |
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Definition
| promotes growth of large crystals |
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Term
| Rhyolite occures less abundantly than granite because... |
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Definition
| magmas from which these rocks form are of high silica content, consepuently such magmas solidify completely well beneath the surface |
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Term
| The texture of an igneous rocks provides some clue as to... |
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Definition
| the cooling or crystalization history of magma |
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Term
| Magmas which generally originate at depths of 10-100 kilometers within the mantle are produced by... |
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Definition
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Term
| A magma produced by partial melting of an andesite rock is... |
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Definition
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Term
| A rock found abundantly found on the ocean floor is... |
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Definition
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