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| inorganic chemical substance taht can cause illness or death |
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| organic chemical substance taht can cause illness or death |
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| Lethal Dose or amount of substance that can kill halff the population in a week |
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| generally recongnized as safe |
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| earth, fire, air and water |
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| believed that matter could not be continually subdivided |
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| believed matter could be changed from one form to another |
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| metal-gold, philosophers stone, elixir of life |
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| atoms were the basic form of matter |
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| wrote “the sceptical chemist” |
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| general process involving experimentation and explanation of facts |
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| digits that express info that is reasonably reliable/#’s taken from measurements |
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| concept, that involves the closeness of msurmnts to an actual dimension |
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| a concept relating to the refinement or detail of a measurement |
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| numbers with no uncertain digits |
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| mass per unit volume of a substance or object |
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| the ration of the mass of any substance to the mass of an equal volume of water at the same condition. |
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| measure of hot/cold matter |
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| a measure of the kinetic energy of moving particles. It measures the quantity of energy not the intensity. |
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| amount of heat required to reaise the temp of 1g of water 1degree |
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| the amount of heat required to raise the temp of 1g of any substance 1degree C |
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| measure of quantity of matter |
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| measure of force of gravity acting upon a particular mass |
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| definite shape and volume |
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| conversion directly from solid to gas state |
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| definite volume indefinite shape |
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| measure of the resistance of liquid to flow |
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| ability of liquids to mix with one another to form a solution |
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| no definite shape or volume |
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| spontaneous mixing of gases at constant temp |
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| ability to reduce volume in the presence of increased pressure |
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| property relating to the amount of matter present |
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| property relating to the particular form of matter present |
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| char. Of matter that identifies a substance w/p a change in chemical composition |
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| Matter relating to how a substance changes in compo. Or interacts with other substances. |
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| a change that alters the chemical composition of a substance |
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| indicates a chemical change is taking place: flame, heat/light, gas, precipitate, color/odor. |
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| Law of conservation of mass |
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| mass can neither be destroyed or created |
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| matter that has a defined and fixed composition |
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| pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances with different properties by physical or chemical means |
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| smallest part of element that still contains property |
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| pure substance up of 2 or more elements chemically combined in a definite proportion by mass |
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| Laws of definite composition |
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every compound is composed of elements in a certain fixed proportion of mass
Mixture combinations of two or more substance that can be separated by physical means |
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| uniform blend of two or more substances whose proportions can be varied |
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| non-uniform blend of two or more substances |
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| capacity to do work or transfer heat |
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| energy an object possesses due to its position of a chemical composition |
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| energy an object possesses due to its motion |
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chemical reaction that releases energy
Endothermic reaction must absorb energy to proceed |
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| Law of conservation of energy |
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| in any chemical or physical change in energy is neither created or destroyed it’s simply converted from one to another |
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| Law of conservation of M&E |
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| the sum of all the mass and energy in the universe is constant |
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| most abundent element in the universe |
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| luster, conducts heat and electr., malleable, ducile, react w/ non metals but no with metals, can be hard and soft and those on the left side of the periodic table tend to be more reactive then those on the right. |
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| no luster, not malleable or ductile, poor conductors of heat and electricity, react w/ metals and non metals, most are soft or gas. |
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| has char. of metals and non metals (7) |
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| Most elements are solids at... |
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| elements that ar liquids at room temp... |
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| different forms of an element in the same physical state |
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| 1st to theorize about atoms |
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| adavanced the cornpuscular theory |
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| advanced the idea of experimintation |
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| use philogsitin theory to explain cumbustion |
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| developed a method for making precise quantitative measurements |
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| the decomposation of a substance by an electrc current |
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| disproved the philogsitin theory and used oxygen to explain combustion |
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| During a chemical Rxn, the total mass remaining is_______. Who theorized this? |
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| each substance will require a certain amount of ____ to react with. Who theorized this? |
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| law of conservation of mass was discovered by who? |
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| Further investigations, of Lavoisers experiments, by J. proust lead to the law of |
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| proposed theory of the atom based on all work done prior to 1800 |
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| Dalton had how many atomic theories? |
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| Daltns Law of Multiple proportions example |
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| unlike charges _____ like charges ____ |
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| developed the first cathode ray tube |
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| discovered canal rays using the Catho ray tube |
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| discovered canal ray mass Varied with gas used int the catho ray tube |
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| developed the ration of an electron to its mass |
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| measured the charge and mass of an indiv. electron. |
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| discobered the xraly using the CRT eminates from the anode |
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| discovered Natural Radioactivity |
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| Discovered the different tpes of radioactivity |
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| discovered the middlle of the atom and disproved thompsons plum pudding model of an atom. through the gold foil experiment |
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| neulcear theory of the atom |
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named the center-neucleous
nucleous is very small in relaion to the entire aom
most of the mass is in the neucleous
electons are located ina large space around the neucleous. |
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| proved the existance of the Neutron. |
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