Term
|
Definition
Giotto
Lamentation
Arena Chapel
1305
Proto-Renaissance
Although the landscape is still unrealistic, this artwork was created with the idea that religion should show intellectualism. Each figure shows a different expression and action and each wears a different color. John is bent over with his arms spread like an Eagle which is often used to symbolize him. Chiaroscuro is used for the folds in the robes as well as in the layering of figures to create a sense of depth. Foreshortening is used to make the angles look as though they're flying towards us. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ambrogio Lorenzetti
Peaceful City and Country (detail from Effects of Good Government in the City and in the Country Siena)
1338-1339
Italy
Proto-Renaissance
One of the first landscapes in Western art since antiquity. Promises safety to all who live under the rule of law. Lorenzetti detailed the landscape and city through observation. Maidens perform a circle dance which represents springtime, they also represent peaceful commonwealth. This is an example of the growing knowledge of perspective during this time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Duccio
Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saints Maestà altarpiece From Siena Cathedral Siena, Italy
1308-1311
Proto-Renaissance
Duccio derived the formality and symmetry of his composition from Byzantine tradition, but relaxed the rigidity and frontality of the figures, softened the drapery, and individualized the faces. 7 feet tall. Focus of worship in the Siena Cathedral. Duccio depicts the effects of different textiles in the fabric. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Robert Campin
Mérode Altarpiece
1425-1428
oil on wood
This setting made historical figures more relevant. This piece was small and used as a private devotional. The 3 lilies represent the father, son and the holy ghost. Mary is in a position of humility. Joseph in the right panel is doing carpentry work. Holy ghost flies into Mary's ear to announce her pregnancy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Jan van Eyck
Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride
1434
Oil on wood
The bride is close to the bed to symbolize fertility while the groom is near the window to symbolize his freedom. In the background |
|
|
