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| Little things about Geology |
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Definition
| Geology is a combination science unlike physics and chemistry. Humans are a apart of the earth, not separate from it. |
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Radiometric dating
Age dating with fossils (relative dating) |
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| What is radiometric dating? |
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Definition
A way of telling time.
It applies to most igneous rocks and sedimentary rocks with associated with igneous rocks |
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| What is age/relative dating with fossils? |
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Definition
| Allows the correct ordering of events in earth history. |
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Definition
physical evolution- changes in the physical world over geologic time
organic evolution- changes in life on earth over geologic time |
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Definition
| a distinct surface between two unlike bodies of rock. unconformities and bedding planes are both contacts. |
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| body of rock with distinctive physical characteristics that is bounded by contacts. must be more than 20 feet thick. |
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| where rocks are exposed at the earth's surface |
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| in any undeformed sequence of sedimentary rocks, each bed is younger than the one below it and older than the one above it. this includes all fossils inside of it. |
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Definition
| sediment is deposited horizontally because of gravity. relative dating technique. |
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Term
| Original lateral continuity |
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Definition
| strata originally extended in all directions until thinned to zero at their edges of deposition. Matching strata on opposite sides of a valley can be correlated. Coal seams in WV are examined this way. |
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| invading igneous rock is always younger than the rock it intrudes. relative dating method. dikes and sills are intrusive rock bodies. |
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| principle of cross cutting relationships |
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Definition
| faults (crack in earth's crust) are younger than the rocks they cut through. older faults are offset by younger faults. |
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| sheet of rock that forms in a pre existing rock body. can be either magmatic or sedimentary. sills form horizontally while dikes form vertically |
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| principle of fossil succession |
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Definition
| fossils aren't randomly distributed. they occur in unique vertical order observed from place to place. this allows age correlation of rocks that are widely separated. |
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| tilted or deformed sedimentary rocks below flat lying sedimentary rocks |
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| the unconformity is an erosion surface within a sequence of flat lying sedimentary rocks |
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