Term
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Definition
| involves equal disclosure of personal information adn intimacy, and both parties enjoy equal opportunity for spontaneity with the exception of mutual confidentiality. |
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Term
| Therapeutic communication |
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Definition
| Focuses on the patient, but is planned and directed by the professional |
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Term
| Primary goals of therapeutic use of self |
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Definition
| Using silence and therapeutic listening are important componenets of the therapeutic use of self with patients |
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Term
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Definition
| Must be approached with caution - Patients behaviors can provide clues to their ability to tolerate and benefit from touch |
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Term
| Why is the developement of a nurse-patient relationship so important? |
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Definition
| The nurse-patient relationship is a tool that the nurse can use to assess each patient's problems, select and carry out specific interventions and evaluate the effectiveness of care. |
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Term
| Under what conditions is brief self-disclosure by the nurse permissible? |
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Definition
| It might help patients clarify specific issues, feel less vulnerable, or feel more normal |
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Term
| What are the stages of a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship? |
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Definition
1. Orientation
2. Working
3. Termination |
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Term
| 5 major tasks of orientation stage of nurse-patient relationship |
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Definition
1. Building Trust
2. Beginning Assessment
3. Managing Emotions
4. Providing Support
5. Providing Structure |
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Term
| Major tasks of working stage of nurse-patient relationship |
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Definition
1. In depth data collection
2. Reality testing and cognitive restructuring
3. Writing and journaling
4. Promoting change |
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Term
| Describe the major tasks of the termination stage of nurse-patient relationship |
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Definition
1. Evaluation and Summary of Progress
2. Synthesizing the outcomes
3. Referrals
4. Discussion of termination |
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Term
| How should the nurse talk to a patient who is hallucinating? |
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Definition
| The nurse should contract with patients to avoid acting on the commands they hear and tell the staff. These patients are more lifely to act on their hallucinations. |
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Term
| How should the nurse talk to a patient who is delusional? |
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Definition
| The strategy of "ignore and distract" is more useful. The approach is to have the patient clarify meanings, for example "who do you think is trying to hurt you?" Similar to hallucinations, delusions are not discussed after the meanings are clarified. |
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Term
| How should the nurse interact with a patient that is depressed? |
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Definition
| Patience, frequent contact, and empathy are effective ways for dealing with these feelings. The nurse acknowledges feelings but discourages rumination |
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Term
| Describe the therapeutic milieu modifications appropriate for a hyperactive patient |
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Definition
| The patient should be in a quiet area, with minimal auditory and visual stimulation. Physical activity may help drain excess energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Involves the unconcious emotional reaction that patients have in a current situation that is actually based on previous (even childhood) relationships and experiences |
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Term
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Definition
| Might occur in response to a patient's transference. Positive or negative feelings may occur and can interfere with ability to be therapeutic |
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Term
| Components of assessment as used by psychiatric nurses |
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Definition
-Initial patient assessment
-Mental status examination
-Ongoing assessments |
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Term
| During the evaluation phase of the nursing process, what items are evaluated? |
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Definition
-Patient progress
-Discharge summaries
-Progress recordings |
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Term
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Definition
| Concept of asylum was developed. |
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Term
| Period of Scientific Study |
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Definition
| The shift of focus from sanctuary to treatment |
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Term
| Period of Psychotropic Drugs |
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Definition
| Destigmitization of mental illness occurred. The term "least restrictive environment" evolved from this discovery |
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Term
| Period of Community Mental Health |
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Definition
| Move from institutionalization to treatment within the community |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the first major reformers inteh USA, was instrumental in developing concept of asylum |
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Term
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Definition
| Developed a model for psychiatric nursing practice and wrote an influencial book called "interpersonal relationships in nursing" |
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Term
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Definition
| Devoted to understanding mind and mental illness. Came up with concept of ID, Ego and Super-Ego |
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Term
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Definition
| First American psychiatric nurse |
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Term
| Traditional Outpatient Services |
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Definition
| Occurred in mental health clinics and private offices, and the typical treatment might be a visit once a month with counselor or case manager. During these visits, an assessment of needs for additional services is made to determine whether the individual needs more intense service or a different type of service |
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Term
| Partial Programs and Day Treatment |
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Definition
| Individuals who nee dsome supervision, structured activities, ongoing treatment, adn nursing care might benefit from partial programs and day treatment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Available for the homebound because their illness or disability inhibits their ability to leave home and obtain services elsewhere |
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Term
| Community Outreach Programs |
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Definition
| Developed to reach individuals in areas in which a lack of traditional medication and social services exists |
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Term
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Definition
| Available to individuals who need temporary or long-term housing |
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Term
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Definition
| These meetings are conducted by members, not by professionals, and can take place on a weekly basis |
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Term
| Intensive Outpatient Programs |
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Definition
| Designed to stabilize patients in the community. Focuses on supporting people with disabilities in their pursuit of recovery |
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Term
| Assertive Community Treatment |
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Definition
| A comprehensive community-based service delivery model in which a team of prefessionals assumes direct responsibility for providing needed by the consumer 24/7 |
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Term
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Definition
| Individuals with mental health problems such as anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances sometimes seek help for these problems in primary care offices and clinics |
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Term
| Selye's Stress-Adaptation Theory |
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Definition
| Stress: positive or negative occurrence or emotion requiring a response |
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Term
| 3 stages of Stress Reaction |
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Definition
1. Alarm Reaction
2. Stage of Resistance
3. Stage of Exhaustion |
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Term
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Definition
1. Safety
2. Structure
3. Norms
4. Limit setting
5. Balance
6. Environmental modification |
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Term
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Definition
| Forceful verbal or physical action that is, the motor counterpart of the affect of anger, rage, or hostility |
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Term
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Definition
| Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal achievement. Associated with nurses' tendency to evaluate themselves negatively, particularly in relation to their work with patients |
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Term
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Definition
| The transformation that occurs in the health care worker who empathically engages with patients' traumatic experiences and their sequelae. Nurses who continuously hear patients' distressing and traumatic stories are at increased risk for secondary traumatization |
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Term
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Definition
| Activities of everyday living are used by the OT to help people with mental disabilities achieve maximal functioning adn independence at home, in the workplace, or both |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Assist patients in finding activities that help them learn to balance work and play |
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Term
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Definition
| The goal is to provide social support and share information relevant to the mental disorder so that the patients can adapt to living with a chronic illness and find ways to remain stable |
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Term
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Definition
| Provide a forum of addressing the daily needs associated with community living, which may take place in an inpatient or community setting |
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Term
| Intensive care/acute psychiatric units (locked units) |
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Definition
| Treatment emphasis is on short-term, intense therapeutic interventions designed to provide the patient with rapid evaluation and stabilization of symptoms |
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Term
| Child-adolescent psychiatric units |
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Definition
| Offer comprehensive psychiatric assessment, stabilization, and short-stay intensive treatemtn to children and adolescents between the ages of 2 and 17 who suffer from complex psychiatric conditions such as severe depression, bipolar disorders, eating disorders |
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Term
| Acute substance abuse units |
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Definition
| Provide detoxification for acute inpatient medical and psychiatric stabilization/treatment of individuals who are seeking help with an identified drug or alcohol problem |
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Term
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Definition
| focus on the treatment of substance abuse and mental illness in a psychiatric hospital setting. Provide detox services |
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Term
| Medical-psychiatric units |
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Definition
| Designed for mentally ill patients with coexisting medical problems in need of hospitalization |
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Term
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Definition
| Patients on this unit have a psychiatric disorder, plus one or more acute or chronic health conditions, as well as an array of normal age-related physical changes |
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Term
| State psychiatric hospitals |
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Definition
| Provide long-term treatment to individuals with intellectual and developemental disabilities, chronic psychiatric disabilities, and forensic cases |
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Term
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Definition
| Patients confined to state forensic facilities have a diagnosable mental illness and have been convicted by a court of a criminal offense |
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Term
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Definition
| Moderately sized program located in a neighborhood setting that is staffed with nonclinical paraprofessionals who provide specialized services offered within the context of a 24/7 homelike milieu |
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Term
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Definition
| Goal of partial hospitalization is to reduce the likelihood of rehospitalization and to facilitate successful integration into a community setting |
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Term
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Definition
| The programs are designed to: maintain or enhance current levels of functioning, maintain community living, and develop self-awareness through the exploration and development of intrapersonal strengths and interpersonal relationships |
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Term
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Definition
| study of how people perceive and use environmental, social, and personal space in interactions with others |
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Term
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Definition
| Introducing self and asking patient if there is somethign patient would like to talk about (Stage 1 - Allowing patient to decide) |
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Term
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Definition
| Delving further into subject to get more information |
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Term
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Definition
| If nurse is not sure what patient is saying "I'm not sure I follow" |
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Term
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Definition
| When nurse validates the information "sounds like a good plan" |
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Term
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Definition
| restating what the patient said |
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Term
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Definition
| Any event or circumstance that an individual perceives as a threat, loss, or danger |
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Term
| How long does a crisis usually last? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between being therapeutic and conducting therapy? |
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Definition
| Being therapeutic involves active listening, productive silence, repeating back what a client has just said, the use of self. Conducting therapy is offering advice and generating thoughts to change behaviors |
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Term
| Identify 5 basic categories into which psychiatric treatment can be divided |
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Definition
1. Use of words
2. Use of drugs
3. Use of environment
4. Somatic therapies
5. Behavioral conditioning |
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Term
| What do you ask during a risk assessment phase? |
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Definition
- Dangerous to self or others?
- Gravely disabled?
- Acutely psychotic?
- Suicidal or homicidal?
If yes, enter hospital-based care, if not enter community based care |
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Term
| What environmental elements fo nurses have control in the creation and maintenance of a therapeutic milieu? |
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Definition
-Safety from danger or harm
-Structure
-Norms: expected behaviors on the units
-Limit setting: verbal or physical
-Balance: between dependenc and independence
-Environmental modification |
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Term
| How is psychopathology relevant to psychotherapeutic management? |
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Definition
| Psychopathology is the foundation on which the 3 components of psychotherapeutic management rest |
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Term
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Definition
| Unconcious refusal to admit an unacceptable idea or behavior |
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Term
|
Definition
| Unconcious and involuntary forgetting of painful ideas, events, and conflicts |
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Term
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Definition
| Concious or unconcious attempts to make or prove that one's feelings or behaviors are justifiable |
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Term
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Definition
| Conciously or unconciously using only logical explanations without feelings or an affective component |
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Term
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Definition
| Consciously covering up for a weakness by overemphasizing or making up a desirable trait |
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Term
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Definition
| A conscious behavior that is the exact opposite of an unconscious feeling |
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Term
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Definition
| Unconsciously discharging pent-up feelings to a less threatening object |
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Term
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Definition
| Unconsciously (or consciously) blaming someone else for one's difficulties or placing one's unethical desires on someone else |
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Term
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Definition
| The unconscious separation of painful feelings and emotions from an unacceptable idea, situation, or object |
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Term
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Definition
| Unconscious return to an earlier and more comfortable developemental level |
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Term
| Psychodynamic Theory of Anxiety |
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Definition
| Freud viewed unrealistic or neurotic anxiety as the fear that instincts will cause the individual to do something that results in punishment |
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Term
| Interpersonal theory of anxiety |
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Definition
| Sullivan regarded individuals as striving for security and relief from anxiety to protect their self-systems |
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Term
| Biologic theory of anxiety |
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Definition
| Selye found that the effects of stress might be observed by the objective measurement of structural and clinical changes in the body, called general adaptation syndrome |
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Term
| What are the 4 types of coping methods? |
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Definition
1. Adaptive
2. Palliative
3. Maladaptive
4. Dysfunctional |
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Term
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Definition
| the process whereby the nurse shows proficiency in developing cultural awareness, knowledge, and skills to promote effective healthcare |
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Term
| 3 views of causation of illness and disease |
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Definition
1. Natural
2. Unnatural
3. Scientific |
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Term
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Definition
| Recurring patterns of behavior that create disturbing experiences for individuals. Because these behaviors can be culture-based, nurses must be aware of the symptoms to assess patients who are from racially and ethnicallly diverse cultures accurately |
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Term
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Definition
| Nurse's ability to acknowledge, value, and accept a patient's cultural beliefs |
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Term
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Definition
| Nurse's ability to work within a patient's cultural belief system to develop culturally appropriate interventions |
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Term
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Definition
| Nurse's ability to incorporate cultural preservation and negotiation to identify patient needs, develop expected outcomes, and evaluate outcome plans |
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Term
| 4 elements that must be present for plaintiff to recover damages caused by negligent behavior |
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Definition
1. Duty to care
2. An obligation of reasonable care
3. Breach of duty
4. Injury proximately caused by breach of duty |
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Term
| 2 general uses for term spirituality |
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Definition
1. Spirituality in relation to transcedent spirit
2. Spirituality in relation to human spirit |
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