Term
| Endogenous Cholinergic Agonist (1) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Endogenous Cholinergic Agonist
TARGET: nicotinic receptors (ion channels) and muscarinic receptors (GPCR) |
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Term
| Direct Muscarinic Agonist (1) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Direct Muscarinic Agonist
TARGET: muscarinic receptors
CAUSES: bladder motility
TX: urinary retention
AE: decrease HR, decrease BP, constrict pupils, saliva, tears |
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Term
| Direct Muscarinic Antagonist (4) |
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Definition
atropine
ipratropium
tiotropium
scopolamine |
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Term
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Definition
Direct Muscarinic Antagonist
TARGET: inhibit muscarinic receptors
TX: pupil dilator, GI antispasmotic
AE: dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision |
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Term
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Definition
Direct Muscarinic Antagonist
TX: bronchodilator |
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Term
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Definition
Direct Muscarinic Antagonist
TX: bronchodilator |
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Term
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Definition
Direct Muscarinic Antagonist
TX: motion sickness |
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Term
| Indirect Cholinergic Agonist (1) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Indirect Cholinergic Agonist
TARGET: inhibit Ach-esterase
CAUSES: enhanced cholinergic action
TX: 1)enhance GI/bladder motility
TX: 2)constrict pupil to reduce pressure from glaucoma
AE: decrease HR, decrease BP, constrict pupils, saliva, tears |
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Term
| Indirect Cholinergic Antagonists (3) |
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Definition
hemicholinium
vesamicol
botulism toxin |
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Term
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Definition
Indirect Cholinergic Antagonist
TARGET: inhibit Ach reuptake into neurons |
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Term
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Definition
Indirect Cholinergic Antagonist
TARGET: inhibit Ach transport into vesicles |
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Term
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Definition
Indirect Cholinergic Antagonist
TARGET: inhibit Ach release |
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Term
| Endogenous Andrenergic Agonist (2) |
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Definition
epinephrine
norepinephrine |
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Term
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Definition
Endogenous Andrenergic Agonist
TARGET: favors Beta
CAUSES: increased contractility, vasodilation, bronchodilation
TX: asthma attack, anaphylactic shock, cardiac arrest
AE: tremors, hyperactivity, insomnia
I: diabetes, hyperthyroidism, B-blocker, cocaine |
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Term
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Definition
Endogenous Andrenergic Agonist
TARGET: favors Alpha
CAUSES: vasoconstriction
TX: shock (acute drop in BP)
AE: blanching of skin at injection site bc of extreme vasoconstriction |
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Term
| Direct Adrenergic Agonists (4) |
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Definition
sympathomimetics (except a2)
phenylephrine (a1)
clonidine (a2)
dobutamine (b1)
albuterol (b2) |
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Term
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Definition
Direct Adrenergic Agonist
TARGET: a1
CAUSES: vasoconstriction
TX: nasal decongestant |
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Term
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Definition
Direct Adrenergic Agonist
TARGET: a2
CAUSES: decrease release of NE
TX: opiod detox, antihypertensive
*sympatho... lytic |
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Term
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Definition
Direct Adrenergic Agonist
TARGET: b1
CAUSES: increased cardiac contractility
TX: heart failure (it increases output)
*metabolized by COMT |
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Term
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Definition
Direct Adrenergic Agonist
TARGET: b2
CAUSES: bronchodilation
TX: asthma, COPD |
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Term
| Direct Adrenergic Antagonists (3) |
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Definition
sympatholytics (except a2)
prazosin (a1)
yohimbine (a2)
metoprolol (b1) |
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Term
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Definition
Direct Adrenergic Antagonist
TARGET: inhibit a1
CAUSES: inhibits vasoconstriction (vasodilation)
TX: antihypertensive, treats BPH
AE: orthrostatic hypotension causing fainting, congestion, ED |
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Term
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Definition
Direct Adrenergic Antagonist
TARGET: inhibit a2
CAUSES: inhibits inhibition of NE release (more is released)
TX: otc for ED (sex stimulant)
AE: vasoconstriction - increased BP & HR
*sympathomimetic |
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Term
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Definition
Direct Adrenergic Antagonist
TARGET: inhibits b1
CAUSES: decreases cardiac contractility
TX: antihypertensive
*good choice for diatbetics and asthmatics
*no orthrostatic hypotension (a1)
*no bronchoconstriction (b2) |
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Term
| Indirect Adrenergic Agonists (5) |
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Definition
Big Effect:
amphetamine
cocaine
desipramine
Small Effect:
pargyline
tolcapone |
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Term
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Definition
Indirect Adrenergic Agonist
TARGET: enhance NE release
TX: hyperactivity |
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Term
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Definition
Indirect Adrenergic Agonist
TARGET: block NE re-uptake [1º mechanism]
TX: local anesthetic |
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Term
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Definition
Indirect Adrenergic Agonist
TARGET: block NE re-uptake [1º mechanism]
TX: antidepressant |
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Term
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Definition
Indirect Adrenergic Agonist
TARGET: MAO inhibitor
TX: antidepressant |
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Term
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Definition
Indirect Adrenergic Agonist
TARGET: COMT inhibitor
TX: Parkinson's |
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Term
| Indirect Adrenergic Antagonists (5) |
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Definition
Big effect:
a-methyltyrosine
Small Effect:
carbidopa
disulfiram
Others:
reserpine
guanethidine |
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Term
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Definition
Indirect Adrenergic Antagonist
TARGET: inhibit tyrosine hydroxylase [RATE-LIMITING for NE synthesis]
TX: pheochromocytoma |
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Term
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Definition
Indirect Adrenergic Antagonist
TARGET: inhibit dopa decarboxylase
CAUSES: increases dopa
TX: Parkinson's |
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Term
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Definition
Indirect Adrenergic Antagonist
TARGET: inhibit dopamine hydroxylase
CAUSES: increased dopamine
TX: alcoholism |
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Term
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Definition
Indirect Adrenergic Antagonist
TX: historically used for HTN |
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