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128
Social Studies
10th Grade
05/08/2013

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Term
Loyalist
Definition
did not support americian revolution 输人 to Britian
Term
Upper Canada
Definition
English,later Ontario
Term
Lower Canada
Definition
French,later Quebec
Term
Double Majority
Definition
name given to a VOTE which requires a majority of votes according to two separate criteria.
Term
Monopoly
Definition
垄断
Term
Metis
Definition
fur traders and the natives' babies
Term
constitution
Definition
the supreme law in Canada. an amalgamation of codified acts and uncodified traditions and conventions.
Term
Mortgage
Definition
抵押/历史含义?
Term
Parti Rouge
Definition
-Canada East; small, radical
-leader: Louis-Joseph Papineau
-intended to attract French-speaking farmers+merchants to oppose English commercial interests.
Term
Family compact
Definition
rich, powerful people in UPPER CANADA, friends with government people, got involved in the councils,(rich loyalist americans, had strong connection with the people back in england,)
Term
nationalism
Definition
-belief that involves a strong identification of a group of individuals with a nation.
-referring to French-British conflicts in Canadas(feared that French heritage would be wiped out by English immigration)
Term
Lord Durham
Definition
selected to evaluate conditions in Canadas and came up with suggestions on improvement
including: 1. a new responsible gov. dominated by English 2. assmiliate French(make english)
Canadians(especially rich) didnt like him for they they would lose benefits in his regulation
made visits to US to make sure they are on British side.
progressive, new thinking(of business); nice to rebels.
Term
Victorian
Definition
era.
1837~1901.
Term
Small Pox
Definition
1.widespread in Europe in 19th
2.1780s,being introduced to natives who had no immunity to it(causing many deads)
3.1860s, started in Victoria(BC) and spread other parts of colony
Term
fire box
Definition
the steam boiler
Term
republicans
Definition
a form of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is generally associated with the rule of law
Term
Crown and Clergy Reserves
Definition
blocks of land set aside to provide income(thru sale or rent)for the gov. and for the Anglican church.in total of 1/27 of land in upper canada.
Term
Responsible Government
Definition
/
Term
confederation
Definition
John A McDonald’s dream to merge the countries in Canada
Term
Speculators
Definition
bought land and sold the land when the prices goes up
(invested in the land)
Term
Anglophone
Definition
An English-language–speaking person, group, or locality
English-speaking world
Term
Copy
Definition
-print part of a poster/advertisement
-promotion of optimistic life in Canada,to attract Europeans immigrants.
Term
Sovereignty
Definition
主权
Term
coffin ship
Definition
refer to the ships that carried Irish immigrants escaping the Great Irish Famine as well as Highlanders displaced by the Highland Clearances.[1] These ships, crowded and disease-ridden, with poor access to food and water, resulted in the deaths of many people as they crossed the Atlantic, and led to the Typhus epidemic of 1847 at quarantine stations in Canada.Owners of coffin ships provided as little food, water, and living space as was legally possible. journey took approx. 2 months.
Term
John A MacDonald
Definition
/
Term
tenant farmer
Definition
-farmers work the land owned by others.
-immigrants from Ireland and Scotland, suffered from poverty; hoping to own a farm in Canada.
Term
steerage
Definition
lowest decks of a ship(coffin ship);
people couldnt get up or walk around.
extremely bad condition,served with little food, no windows, diseases,
Term
Rebellion of 1837
Definition
causes?
-
events?
results?
Term
Fils de la Liberte
Definition
a paramilitary organization founded in August 1837 in Lower Canada (modern-day Quebec) by young supporters of the Parti patriote who became impatient with the pace of progress of the movement for constitutional and parliamentary reforms
Term
Assimilate
Definition
-definition:to render similar
-referring to the actions that English have done on French(in Lower Canada)to wipe out French culture(language,heritage,practice,etc.)
Term
suffrage
Definition
-right to vote gained through the democratic process
-
Term
federalism
Definition
Term
mercantilism
Definition
Term
whip
Definition
-tradition tools to exert control over animals or other people, through pain compliance or fear of pain,
-
Term
Parti Bleu
Definition
-the most powerful political group in Canada East led by George-Etienne Cartier
-focused on economic development on C.E & protection of French- Canadian rights
Term
Gaelic
Definition
language of the early undo-Europeans of the British Isles highlanders(Celtic) of Scotland
Term
Slavery
Definition
-existed in New France during late 17th & 18th
-loyalists brought African slaves to Canada during the American Revolution.
-Slavery stopped working in Canada before North America.
-Courts in Lower&Upper Can refused to support slavery
Term
Underground Railroad
Definition
-upper Canada: refuge of Black Americans escaping slavery.
-SECRET TRAILS and path for escaping
-if caught, handed back to their masters and severely punished
-hoping to start a new life, unfortunately did not found acceptance.
-lived A communities within communities
Term
Spinsters
Definition
-pitied unmarried women ( out of date language)
-had to rely on relatives for support and a place to live
Term
veto
Definition
to stop with authority
Term
oligarchy
Definition
colonial governments placed power in the hands of a small group of rich and influential men.
Term
seigneurial system
Definition
the old system of New France whereby seigneurs, or lords, were granted parcels of land by France
Term
constitutional system
Definition
Divided upper Canada form lower Canada and gave the colony an elected law-making assembly(legislative~), appointed governor, 2 appointed councils.
Term
William Lyon Mackenize
Definition
leader of the reform movement
Term
Louis Joseph Papineau
Definition
came from seignerurial family,lawyer,leader of the rebellion of 1837
Term
insurrection
Definition
revolution against the established government
Term
Louis Pasteur
Definition
Term
whist
Definition
Term
gps
Definition
/
Term
vegetation
Definition
the natural and undisturbed plants of a region
Term
physical geography
Definition
landforms and bodies of water
Term
cultural geography
Definition
/
Term
landscape
Definition
/
Term
regions
Definition
/
Term
evaporite
Definition
type of sedimentary rock that originates by the evaporation of sea water
Term
tectonics
Definition
study of forces within the Earth that form its surface features e.g mountain range
Term
interior plains
Definition
from Canadian Shield to the Rocky Mountains (Alberta)
Term
Western Mountain
Definition
made up of parallel mountain range that are separated by a series of plateaus and valleys
Term
tsunamis
Definition
overwhelmed flood caused by underwater earthquakes
Term
seismic
Definition
caused by earthquakes
Term
subduction zone
Definition
a long region with a trench through which a descending tectonic plate is assimilated into the earth's mantle
Term
geological
Definition
study of the history of the Earth as found in rocks
Term
topography
Definition
the shape of the land
Term
Canadian shield
Definition
large masses of rock(shield), oldest part of the Earth
Term
Ingeous rock
Definition
formed by the solidification of molten material
Term
metamorphic rock
Definition
changed form original into another form through heat and pressure
Term
richter scale
Definition
measure of the power of earthquakes
Term
seismologist
Definition
people who study earthquakes
Term
bedrock
Definition
solid rock underneath looser material:soil
Term
magma
Definition
molten rock material
Term
mantle
Definition
the interior part of the earth lies directly above core
Term
maritime climate
Definition
coastal climate(West coast)
Term
epicentre
Definition
earth surface directly above the quake(middle of the quake)
Term
continental climate
Definition
climate of continent's interior
Term
altitude
Definition
higer,colder
Term
precipitation
Definition
determined by its distance from the sea and by the prevailing wind
Term
orographic
Definition
prevailing westerly wind push warm, moist Pacific air up against the mountains of Vancouver Island ad the Coast Range and create it
Term
sewage
Definition
municipal and industrial waste
Term
run-off
Definition
pesticides,herbicides,and other materials taht drain from fields into rivers and lakes
Term
frontal
Definition
front?
Term
biome
Definition
ecological community
Term
interdependent
Definition
dependent on each other
Term
system
Definition
group of things interact with each other
Term
coniferous forest
Definition
most of the region is made up of evergreen tree
Term
podzol
Definition
type of soil in boreal forest
Term
humus
Definition
the remains of decomposing plants in the soil
Term
tree line
Definition
the upper limit of tree growth on a mountain
Term
slough
Definition
depression filled with fresh water from rain or melting snow
Term
erosion
Definition
the waring away by action of wind, water or ice
Term
wind break
Definition
Term
boom and bust
Definition
describe a healthy(booming)
economy or one that is slow(bust)
Term
cartographers
Definition
people who draw maps
Term
population density
Definition
the average number of people in given area
Term
population distribution
Definition
where people live within a given area
Term
hierarchy
Definition
people in authority ranked from top to bottom
Term
HBC
Definition
-founded in 1670
-strict rigid hierarchy
-ice-free from July to mid September
Term
north west company
Definition
-established in 1783
-dotted post in western& northern interior
Term
Fort William
Definition
NWC established a major trade depot at Fort William, at the head of Lake Superior. Goods being loaded/shipped out from here.
Term
bullishness
Definition
optimism in money matters
referring to loosy trading practice in NWC(which eventually paid off for it)
Term
trade post
Definition
/
Term
portage
Definition
practice of carrying water craft or cargo over land, either around an obstacle in a river, or between two bodies of water
Term
middleman
Definition
someone who acts as a dealer between two parties who want to exchange goods
Term
head hunter
Definition
?
Term
celibacy
Definition
a state of being unmarried and sexually abstinent, usually in association with the role of a religious official or devotee.
(early HBC's practice)
Term
red river valley
Definition
Red River Colony
Term
seigneurial pattern
Definition
French land division system
Long-lot pattern of the seigneuries of New France
Term
muzzle loader
Definition
any firearm loaded through the muzzle
Term
buffalo runner
Definition
fast,responsive horses that have been trained exclusively to hunt bison
Term
shot
Definition
the pellet discharged from the firearm
Term
liberal democrat
Definition
someone who fought for the rights of the underprivileged in the 19th century
Term
thomas douglas
Definition
the 5th Earl of Selkirk,a liberal democrat.
convinced HBC (in 1811) to give him some land known as"Selkirk's Grant" and established Red River Colony
Term
lord selkirk
Definition
a title in the Peerage of Scotland.
Term
miles macdonnell
Definition
ex-militia officer, organized Scottish immigrants to go to Red River Colony.
Made up "Pemmican Proclamation"
Term
robert semple
Definition
new governor of Red River Colony after Thomas Douglas
Term
Cuthbert Drant
Definition
young Metis leader, employee of NWC. raided a brigade of HBC boats to the West of the Red River.
Term
battle of seven oaks
Definition
resulted in turning simmering dispute between HBC and its colonists,NWC and the metis into a full-scale conflict.
Term
george simpson
Definition
1821,named governor of the HBC's Northern Department(after the merger). Travelling thruout the territory he controlled;had autocratic manner. shipped out his metis family and remarried Frances Simpson. Settled in Montreal and yet kept on travelling; died in 1860.
Term
frances simpson
Definition
racist, announced that she would not socialize with metis,resulting in being isolated in Red River Colony.
Term
red river cart
Definition
a two-wheeled cart used on the prairie
Term
white-collar
Definition
referring to clerical or professional workers
Term
bannock
Definition
some kind of flatbread
Term
john schultz
Definition
one of the first immigrants in RR Colony.
bought up NorWester the newspaper to express his anti-metis view.
Term
dominion
Definition
a country that rules itself.
referring to the Dominion of Canada(Upper Canada+ Lower Canada after Act of Union 1840)
Term
Duncan Cameron
Definition
NWC Chief Trader during Red River Colony era
Director of harassment NWC people and Metis did on Scottish settlers.
Arrested Macdonelle and excuted him at Fort William
Term
hierarchy
Definition
people in authority ranked from top to bottom
(HBC practice)
Term
hivernants
Definition
wintering partners
Term
voyageurs
Definition
NWC employees,who provided the muscle power to paddle canoes and carry cargo in both the Northwest and on the long lake journey from Fort William to Montreal.
Term
saddle horses
Definition
pulled carts until the herd was spotted
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