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Terms
Definitions of terms and directions
47
Medical
Undergraduate 1
03/01/2008

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Cards

Term
anatomical postition
Definition
standing with palm of hands facing forward
Term
midline of the body
Definition
separates the body into 2 equal halves
Term
medial
Definition
near the midline of the body
Term
lateral
Definition
away from the midline of the body
Term
superior
Definition
lying above or higher
Term
inferior
Definition
lying below or under
Term
distal
Definition
farther froma limb's point of attachment to the trunk
Term
proximal
Definition
nearer the poing of attachment of a limb to the trunk
Term
anterior
Definition
front of the body
Term
posterior
Definition
back of the body
Term
dorsum
Definition
top of the foot or back of hand
Term

palmar

(volar)

Definition
palm of hand
Term
plantar
Definition
sole of foot
Term
prone
Definition
laying on your stomach
Term
supine
Definition
laying on your back
Term
abduction
Definition
to draw away or deviate toward the midline of the body
Term
adduction
Definition
to deviate toward or draw toward the midline of the body
Term
eversion
Definition
turning outward
Term
inversion
Definition
turninig inward
Term
extension
Definition
to straighten; when the part distal to the joint extends, it straightens; joint angle decreases toward 0
Term
flexion
Definition
to bend; when a joint is flexed, the part distal to the joint bends; joint angle increases toward 180
Term
external rotation
Definition
rotary motion in the transverses plane away from the midline
Term
internal rotation
Definition

rotary motion in the transverse plane toward the midline

Term
pronation
Definition
applied to the foot and assuming the foot is in a prone position, it refers to a combination of eversion and abduction movements, resulting in a lowering of the medial margin of the foot; applied to the hand, it means the palm is turned downwards
Term
supination
Definition
To assume a supine position; applied to the foot, it refers to raising the medial margin of the foot; applied to the hand, it refers to turning the palm upward
Term
valgus
Definition
deviation of a part or portion of the extremity distal to a joint away from the midline of the body
Term
varus
Definition
deviation of a part or portion of an extremity distal to a joint toward the midline of the body
Term
acute injury
Definition
an injury with a sudden onset and short duration
Term
chronic injury
Definition
an injury with a long, gradual onset and long duration
Term
etiology
Definition
refers to the cause of an injury or disease
Term
pathology
Definition
refers to the structural and functional changes that result from the injury process
Term
symptom
Definition
refers to a perceptible change in an athlete's body or its functions that indicates an injury or disease; subjective and described
Term
sign
Definition
objective, a definitive and obvious indicator for a specific condition
Term
grade / degree
Definition
injuries may be assigned a grade. Grade 1,2, or 3 corresponds to an injury that is mild, moderate, or severe, respectively
Term
diagnosis
Definition
name of the specific condition
Term
prognosis
Definition
predicted outcome of an injury
Term
syndrome
Definition
group of symptoms that indicate a condition or disease
Term
anesthesia
Definition
partial or complete loss of sensation
Term
paresthesia
Definition
abnormal sensation such as numbness, prickling, and tingling
Term
crepitus
Definition
a crackling feel or sound
Term
ecchymosis
Definition
black and clue skin discoloration due to hemorrhage
Term

edema

Definition
swelling as a result of the collection of fluid in connective tissue
Term
hemorrhage
Definition
discharge of blood
Term
referred pain
Definition
pain that is felt at a point of the body other than its actual origin
Term
sagittal plane
Definition

divides the body into right and left halves

(equal division = midsagittal)

Term
frontal (coronal) plane
Definition
divides the body into front and back halves
Term
transverse (horizontal) plane
Definition
divides the body into upper and lower halves
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