Term
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Definition
May result in the birth of new organisms
More commonly involves the production of new cells |
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Term
| When a cell undergoes reproduction, or cell division,_____________ cells are produced that are genetically identical to each other and to the ________ cell. |
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Definition
| two “daughter” , “parent” |
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Term
| Before a parent cell splits into two, it duplicates its chromosomes, the structures that contain most of the organism’s __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| During cell division, each daughter cell receives one set of _________ |
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Definition
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| Major roles of cell division: |
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Definition
Replaces damaged or lost cells
Permits growth
Allows for reproduction |
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Term
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Definition
Single-celled organisms reproduce by simple cell division
There is no fertilization of an egg by a sperm
they reproduce by dividing in half |
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Definition
| the type of cell division responsible for asexual reproduction and fot the growth and maintenance of multicellilar organisms |
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Term
| In asexual reproduction, the lone parent and its offspring have ____________ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Sexual reproduction requires fertilization of an egg by a sperm, both of which are produced using a special type of cell division |
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Term
sexually reproducing organisms use
Meiosis: |
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Definition
| for reproduct and for growth and maintenance |
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Term
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Definition
Most genes are located on chromosomes in the cell nucleus
A few genes are found in DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts |
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Term
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Definition
of chromatin, a combination of DNA and protein molecules
Are not visible in a cell until cell division occurs
are the lead players in in cell division |
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Term
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Definition
| are a combination of DNA and protein molecules |
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Term
| the protien molcules help: |
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Definition
| organize the chromatin and help control the activity of it's genes |
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Term
| chormosomes exists as a diffuse mass of __________ that are much longer than the nucleus they are stored in |
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Definition
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Term
| The DNA in a cell is packed into an elaborate, multilevel system of ______________ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| proteins used to package DNA with small proteins in eukaryotes |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA wound around histone molecules |
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Term
| At the first level of packing, histones attach to the__________ |
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Definition
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Term
| combination of DNA and histones has the appearance of beads on a string. each bead is called |
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Definition
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Term
| when not dividing, the DNA of active genes takes on a___________ on a string arrangement |
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Definition
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Term
| when prepareing to divide, chromosomes pack ___________ |
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Definition
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Term
| the next level of packing, the beaded string is __________ |
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Definition
| warpped into a tight helical fiber |
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Term
| then this fiber coils further into a ___________ |
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Definition
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Term
| looping and folding can further compact the |
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Definition
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Term
| before a cell begins to division process, it duplicats all of it's |
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Definition
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Term
| DNA moelcule of each chromosomes is copied through the process of _______ and_____________ |
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Definition
| DNA replication, new protein molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| chromomsome consists of two copies, which contain identical genes |
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Term
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Definition
| the two sister chromatids are joined together tightly at a narrow waist |
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Term
| once separate from each other (sisters),, each chromatid is considered a full___________ |
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Definition
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Term
| each one of the two chromosomes goes to a__________ |
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Definition
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