any system of regulations to govern the conduct of the people of a community, society or nation, in response to the need for regularity, consistency and justice based upon collective human experience. 

refers to the idea of that punishment for a misdeed should be based upon some form of equivalence, rather than simply unrestricted or random revenge

life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth

evidence of a statement that was made other than by a witness while testifying at the hearing in question and that is offered to prove the truth of the matter stated 

a legal reason for having certain required fees waived, being declared eligible for free services, or appointment of legal counsel

Latin for the substantial fact that a crime has been committed, and in popular crime jargon, the body of the murder victim.

the person must have had a guilty mind at the time of committing the crime - that is they must have intended to commit the crime

"wrongful act" - meaning that the person must have committed an act that is defined as wrong by law.

the doctrine under which courts adhere to precedent on questions of law in order to ensure certainty, consistency, and stability in the administration of justice. Latin, to stand by decided matters

is directed to someone detaining another person and commanding that the detained person be brought to court, typically to ensure that the person’s imprisonment is not illegal. From the Latin, “that you have the body

orders a lower court to deliver its record in a case so that the higher court may review it

requires no mens rea. That is, they are crimes that doesn't require you to intend to do something wrong or morally blameworthy

laws that prohibit and penalize murder, rape, robbery, and other crimes.The body of law that defines criminal offenses and their penalties

laws that are concerned with due process of law.The body of law that governs the ways in which the substantive laws are to be administered; sometimes called adjective or remedial law. 

encompassing many different types of governmental legal procedures and regulationsgoverning law for federal administrative agencies. Most states also have their own governing law for their state administrative agencies

focused strictly on prevention, maintaining order and the status quo

focused strictly on social order and keeping society safe-less concerned with individual rights

primary goal is to keep society safe-less critical of social service aspects than enforcers

focused on providing needed services to residents and business owners of the community

a system of criminal justice that focuses on the rehabilitation of offenders through reconciliation with victims and the community at large.

Where people’s rights are violated they would receive justice that is meaningful to them using a more complete approach that includes; safety, urgent health treatment, social care, compensation and reparation and the perpetrators would be appropriately dealt with a receive proper treatment, so they are rehabilitated not to repeat their crime.

fair disbursement of common advantages and common burdens by a community to its members. In other words this type of  justice refers to what some consider as socially just with respect to the allocation of goods in a society.

whereby a new technology must be sufficiently established to have gained general acceptance in the field of application.

is unconstitutional and applies to the states through the 14th amendment.

the same as an acquittal...latin for will not prosecute

Prosecutor drops the charges against the defendant

the act of a court in making an order, judgment, or decree

use of forfeiture in American law has been reintroduced with the passage of this law

style of policing that emphasizes centralized police organizations, increased use of technologyy and a limitation of police discretion through regulations

can be represented as an assembly line, ensuring a quick and rapid conclusion of the process

The first famous legal test for insanity came in 1843 which determines whether or not a person knows right from wrong.