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terms for science final
finalo
59
Science
8th Grade
04/16/2009

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Term
motion
Definition
when an object moves
Term
average speed
Definition
total distance / total time
Term
velocity
Definition
speed of an object in a direction
Term
accelaration
Definition
velocity changes/time
Term
force
Definition
a push or pull on an object
Term
newton (n)
Definition
unit descibes magnitude size force
Term
net force
Definition
combinenation of forces on an object
Term
friction
Definition
a force tat repels two object
Term
organic compounds
Definition
covantly bonded compounds
Term
carbs
Definition
composed of sugar molecules bonded together
Term
lipids
Definition
fats and oils
Term
protiens
Definition
made of amino acidS
Term
NULCIEC ACID
Definition
made of nulciectides
Term
terminal velocity
Definition
an object falling at a consatnt speed
Term
free fall
Definition
no forces acting on an object
Term
projectile motion
Definition
is a curved path an object follows when it is thrown or propelled near the surface of Earth
Term
specterum
Definition
a rainbow of colors
Term
specterum
Definition
a rainbow of colors
Term
apparent magnitude
Definition
apparent brightness of a star
Term
absolute magnitude
Definition
is the exact magnitude of a star
Term
light year
Definition
the distnce between light and years
Term
parallax
Definition
a word that is confusing
Term
main sequence
Definition
ther location on the hr diagram where maost stars lie it has a a diagonal pattern from the lower right to the upper left.
Term
H-R diagram
Definition
shows the relationship between the surface temperature
Term
supernova
Definition
a giantic expolsion in which a massive star collapeses and its outer layers are blasted in space!
Term
galaxies
Definition
large groups of stars dust and gas
Term
nebulas
Definition
latin for cloud, large clouds of dust and gas that are birthplaces of stars
Term
big bang theory
Definition
theory that explains the unverise and how it was made
Term
chemical reaction
Definition
is a process in which one or more substanes change to make one or more new substances.
Term
exothermic reaction
Definition
a chemical reaction where heat is put out
Term
percipitate
Definition
a solid that is a produst as aresult of a chemicl reaction in a solutuion
Term
endothermic reaction
Definition
a chemical reaction where heat is needed
Term
law of conservation of energy
Definition
the law that states that energy cannot be created or destoryed but ca be changed from one form to another
Term
chemical formula
Definition
a combination of chemical symbols and # to represent a substance
Term
reactant
Definition
a substance or molecule that particlipates that forms a chemical reaction
Term
chemical equation
Definition
a representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactents and the products
Term
product
Definition
a substance that forms in a chemical reaction
Term
law of conservation of mass
Definition
the law that states that mass cannot be created or destroyed
Term
chemical bond
Definition
an interreaction that holds atoms together or ions
Term
ionic compound
Definition
a composition made of oppositely charged ions
Term
Covalent Compounds
Definition
a chemical compound that is formed by the sharing of electrons
Term
indicator
Definition
a compound that can reversibly change color depending on conditios such as pH
Term
acid
Definition
any compound that increaes the number of hydroniom ions whe n dissolveed in water
Term
base
Definition
any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
Term
pH
Definition
a value that is used to express the acidty of basicty of a system
Term
neutrilization reaction
Definition
the reaction of an acid and a base to form a nuetral solution of water and a salt
Term
salt
Definition
an ionic compound that forms when a metal atom replaces the hydrogen of an acid
Term
gravity
Definition
a force of attraction between objects that is due to there masses
Term
mass
Definition
a measure of the amout of matter in an object
Term
weight
Definition
a measure of gravity on an object, changes based on location on the universe
Term
retrograde rotation
Definition
the clockwise spin of a planet as seen from above the planets north pole
Term
prograde rotation
Definition
the counterclockwise rotation spin of a planet or moon as seen as from abovethe planets north pole
Term
gas giant
Definition
a planet that has a deep massive atomoshpere
Term
satellite
Definition
a natural or artifical body that revolves around a planet
Term
phases
Definition
the change in the sunlit area of 1 celestial body as seen from another celestial body
Term
eclipse
Definition
an event in wich the shadow of one celestialbody falls on another
Term
comet
Definition
a small body of rock and cosmic dust that follows and elliptical orbit around the sun and that gives off gas and dust in the form of a tail as it passes close to the sun
Term
asteroids
Definition
rocky object tat obrits the sun
Term
meteriod
Definition
a relativly small rocky body that travels though space.
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