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| cells start mitotically divided, attach to individual, start specializing an forming, then mature and fall off to form another organism |
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| individual separates into two or more individuals, each approximately the same size, then continue growth/ maturity |
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| special case in a few invertebrates, are diploid, specialized cells that are put aside, are released into environment, form mitotically, released every so often |
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| separation of individual into two or more parts, each part will regenerate the missing parts, mitotically |
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| happens in some invertebrates, unfertilized egg developing into an individual so the egg undergoes mitosis without being fertilized, haploid to begin with, example are bees, sterile |
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- Where the gametes meet out in aquatic environment (drop of water/puddle), fertilization takes place in aquatic environment then organism goes on to develop
- The more separated the male and the female the more eggs are formed to increase chances
- There are chemical attractants from the eggs to allure specific sperm |
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- Egg is formed inside female tract
- Less eggs are made
- Ovulation (release of fertilizable eggs)
- Also need copulatory organ, part that will place the sperm into the female |
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| egg laying, fertilize egg inside body which is encased in hard shell, egg is laid and embryo develops outside of the body |
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| developed takes place inside the organism attached to the placenta (part embryo part mother), it helps provide for all the needs of the organism, new organism is born alive, humans are viviparous |
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| fertilized egg is encased in a shell and stays inside the female, the female doesn’t contribute anything to it, the nutritive material is yolk, the reproductive tract has parts that crack open the egg so it seems like a live birth |
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| most mammals have this, humans don’t, when female is in heat (ovulating), the males are all over her, it’s also the time when they are interested in sexual activity |
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| will engage in sexual activity any time they feel lie it and its not limited to the times ovulation |
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| located outside of body in a sack of skin called the scrotum (sperm can't live in body temperature) |
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| stores sperm here until ejaculation, when sperm enters the epididymis they’re immobile, when they leave they are mobile |
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| from epididymus to seminal vesicle |
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| transport sperm and seminal vesicle fluid from the seminal vesicles to the urethra |
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| release watery yellowish fluid high in fructose, 70% of semen is seminal fluid, nourishes sperm |
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| located underneath urinary bladder, produces highly alkaline milky fluid that helps neutralize the acidity of the vagina |
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| paired glands, located at the top of the penis, tiny, secrete mucus (viscous thick fluid), lubricate the tip of the penis, reduces acidity |
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| sperm and fluids from glands, 1% cowper's gland, 27% prostate gland |
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| tube that transports both urine and semen out of the body, not at the same time |
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| produces egg, estrogen, progesterone |
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| intimately associated but not confluent, trnasports egg/embryo to uterus, transports sperm to egg, normal site of fertilization (specifically the ampulla) |
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| after ampulla, before uterine cavity |
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| top of pubic bone, above uterus |
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| neck of the uterus that opens into the vagina |
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| embedding of embryo in cervix of uterus, can go to term but at some point during the pregnancy she’ll start bleeding because gravity is pulling on the placenta |
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| connective tissue layer, covering of ovaries |
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| finds the oocyte after ovulation |
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| the sex hormones activate the fimbriae, causing it to swell with blood and hit the ovary in a gentle, sweeping motion, an oocyte is released from the ovary and the cilia of the fimbriae sweep the ovum into the Fallopian tube |
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