Term
| Six characteristics of epithelium |
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Definition
1. It lines the internal body surface
and covers the external
2. Can consist of one layer (simple) or
more (startified) arranged into
sheets
3. is contiguous, having little
intercellular space between cells
4. is avascular
5. composed of polarized epithelial
cells, specialized to perform a
variety of vectoral fxns
6. is separated from the underlying
connective tissue by a filamentous
layer of basement membrane |
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Term
| Epithelia is characterized by these two aspects |
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Definition
It is classified by:
- the number of cell layers and
- the shape of the superficial cell layer |
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Term
| The nine types of epithelium |
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Definition
1. Simple squamous
2. Simple cuboidal
3. Simple columnar
4. Stratified squamous non-keratinized
5. Stratified squamous keratinized
6. Stratified cuboidal
7. Stratified columnar
8. Pseudostratified
9. Transitional |
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Term
| Simple squamous epithelium consists of these types of cells |
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Definition
| This epithelium has a single layer of flattened cells |
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Term
| Simple squamous epithelium can often be found at these locations |
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Definition
| It is the endothelium of blood vessels and lines the pleural, peritoneal and other serous cavities |
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Term
| General locations of simple cuboidal epithelium |
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Definition
| is found lining small ducts and tubules that have secretory, excretory or absorptive function |
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Term
| General locations of simple columnar epithelium |
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Definition
| It is found lining the absorptive surfaces and secretory surfaces |
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Term
An important characteristic of
Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium |
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Definition
| Its superficial layer has flat nucleated cells |
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Term
An important characteristic of
Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium |
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Definition
| Its most superficial layer has lost its nuclei and is filled with keratin |
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Term
| Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium is usually found here |
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Definition
| lining most internal body surfaces such as the mouth, esophagous and vagina |
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Term
| Stratified squamous keratinized epithelium is usually found here |
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Definition
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Term
| Stratified cuboidal epithelium is usually found here |
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Definition
| It lines the ducts of sweat glands |
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Term
| Typical locations of Stratified columnar epithelium |
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Definition
| Can be found i large excretory ducts of some glands and in the urethra |
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Term
| Important characteristic of pseudostratified epithelium |
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Definition
| Nuclei of cells are not all in the same plane though every cell is resting on a basement membrane. Not all cells will extend up to the lumen |
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Term
| Morphology of transitional epithelium |
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Definition
| A stratified epithelium whose superficial cells, when relaxed, are dome shaped and bule into the lumen |
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Term
| Between the lateral surface of epithelial cells are these specializations |
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Definition
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Term
| Junctional complexes are seen as these under a light microscope |
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Definition
| They are seen as a terminal bar |
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Term
| The 3 components of junction complexes |
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Definition
| Zonula adherens, ZOnula occludens and Macula Adherens |
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Term
| Another term for Zonula occludens |
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Definition
| Tight junctions are another name |
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Term
| Function of Zonula occludens |
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Definition
| They serve to prevent the entrance/exit of substances into the intercellular space from the lumen |
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Term
| This determines the leakiness of zonula occludens |
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Definition
| The complexity and number o strands comprising the junction from the apical to basal direction |
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Term
| Zonula occludens form this |
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Definition
| a zone around the entire apical perimeter of adjacent plasma membranes |
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Term
| Another term for Zonula Adherens |
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Definition
| AN intermediate junction or Belt desmosome |
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Term
| Location of Zonular adherens |
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Definition
| They extend around the perimeter of the epithelial cell, just under the zonula occludens |
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Term
| Zonula adherens allow separation between cells at this distance |
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Definition
| They allow separation of 10-20nm between of cells |
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Term
| Zonula adherens have these structures on their cytoplasmic surface |
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Definition
| They have actin filaments extending into the termnal web |
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Term
| Structure and location of Macula adherens |
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Definition
| These are focal and disk-shaped and located between the lateral sides of epithelial cells |
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Term
| Another term for Macula adherens |
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Definition
| They are also called desmosomes |
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Term
| Macula adherens allow seperation of epithelial cells at this distance |
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Definition
| These allow separation of epithelial cells at 15-30nm. |
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Term
| Other terms for Gap Junction |
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Definition
| They are also called a Communicating Junction or a Nexus |
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Term
| Gap Junctions contain these subunits and with this type of arrangement |
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Definition
| Opposing plasma membranes contain subunits of COnnexin arranged radially around a central canal |
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Term
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Definition
| It permits the passage of small molecules and ions between cells |
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Term
| Function of Lateral interdigitations |
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Definition
| They are fingerlike projections that interlock adjacent epithelial cells |
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Term
| Two characteristics of the basal lamina |
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Definition
| It is acellular and is produced by the epithelium resting on it |
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Term
| The composition of Basal Lamina |
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Definition
| It is comprised of Type IV collagen, laminin and proteoglycan |
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Term
| The two zones of the basal lamina |
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Definition
| The lamina rare/lucida and the lamina densa |
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Term
| The two components of the basement membrane |
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Definition
| Basal lamina and reticular lamina |
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Term
| Function of the hemidesmosome |
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Definition
| It attaches cells to the underlying basal lamina |
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Term
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Definition
| It extends into the lumen and increases the absorptive surface area of cells |
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Term
| Microvilli are characterized by these molecules |
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Definition
| They have a glycocalyx coat on their exterior surface |
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Term
| Microvilli contain these types of filaments |
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Definition
| They contain 30 longitudinally arranged actin filaments extending into the terminal web of the apical cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| Actively motile specializations that transport substances along their surface |
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Term
| Cilia contain this functional unit |
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Definition
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Term
| COmponents of teh axoneme |
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Definition
| It contains 9 pairs of doublet microtubules uniformly spaced around a single pair of microtubules |
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Term
| The arms of cilia contain this molecule |
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Definition
| They contain a dynein ATPase |
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Term
| This is at the base of each cilium |
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Definition
| A basal body is found here |
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Term
| The structure of a basal body |
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Definition
| They have 9 triplet microtubules radially arranged |
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Term
| Three major types of glandular epithelium |
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Definition
| Two major types are exocrine, endocrine and paracrine |
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Term
| The origin of glandular epithelium |
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Definition
| They originate from lining epithelium and penetrate the connective tissue to form secretory units |
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Term
| Two fxnal characteristics of endocrine glandular epithelium |
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Definition
| They lack ducts and release their contents into the bloodstream |
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Term
| Two fxnal characteristics of endocrine glandular epithelium |
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Definition
| They lack ducts and release their contents into the bloodstream |
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Term
| Two subcategories of multicellular exocrine glands |
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Definition
| Simple and Compound glands |
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Term
| The shape classifications of multicellular exocrine glands |
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Definition
- Acinar (sac-like)
- Alveolar (flask-like)
- Tubule (either straight, coiled or branched) |
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Term
| 4 ways of describing the location of ducts within glands |
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Definition
- interlobar (btwn lobes)
- intralobar (w/in lobes)
- interlobular (btwn lobules)
- intralobular (w/in lobules) |
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Term
| 3 types of secretions by exocrine glands |
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Definition
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Term
| serous secretions are describes as this |
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Definition
| these secretions are water and rich in enzymes |
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Term
| Three methods of secretions by exocrine glands |
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Definition
| Mericrine (exocytosis), apocrine and holocrine |
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Term
| Three types of apical surface specializations in epithelium |
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Definition
| Microvilli, stereo cilia and cilia |
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