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| Physical objects related to the computer and its peripherals |
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| Programs that run inside the computer |
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| A computer is controlled by its processor or its central processing unit. The CPU is equivalent to the brain of the computer |
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| Any input,output or storage devices, connected to the I/O parts. |
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| A permanent memory, i.e it can never be changed by a program or user. |
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| A fast temporary memory in which programs and data |
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| A block of extra fast RAM located on the CPU. It is used for temporary storage of data that is likely to be used again very soon |
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| The equivalent to RAM but is non-volatile. |
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| Universal Serial Bus is an industry standard for connecting to computer peripherals to personal computers,both to communicate and to supply electricity power . |
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| This will state the capacity of the computer's RAM. |
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| Software suitable for managing information in a table format. |
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| Scans for devices, detects and removes programs that try to gain access to your computer and damage it |
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| A computerized filing system. it is a collection of data designed to allow easy searching and retrieval |
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| Allows the user to imitate a process to see how it would behave in the real world. |
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| CAD Computer Aided Design |
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| `Software that helps you to create detailed technical drawings of objects so that they can be built or manufactured accurately. |
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| CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing |
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| The use of computer software to control machine tools and related machinery in manufacturing. |
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| CNC Computer Numerical Control |
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| A type of CAM where a computer uses numerical data to automate various machining operations, commonly o lathes and similar machine tools |
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| A 3D model or drawing can be input to a 3D printer to generate a three dimensional object of almost any shape |
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| Web browsers such as Google Chrome or Firefox allow you to access the World Wide Web. |
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| Uniform Resource Locator, you can access a website or web page by typing its URL |
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| The protocol used to transmit web pages over the Internet |
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| Users must pay to use proprietary software and do not have access to the software's source code. |
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| A local area wireless technology that allows and electronic device to exchange data or connect to the Internet without a direct physical connection |
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| Pieces of data from a website stored on a users computer by the web browser |
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| Does not require payment for use but does not necessarily allow users to have access to the source code |
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| Usually free to use but its copyright holder also provides users with access to the source code and a licence to modify the code and redistribute it to anyone for any purpose |
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| Refers to anuy crime that involves a computer and network |
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| Any software used to disrupt computer operation, gather sensitive information, or gain access to private computer systems |
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| An atttempt to acquire private information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details by pretending to be a trustworthy source in a message or on a website |
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| A security system that controls the incoming and outgoing traffic between a computer and the Internet |
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| Legally protects owners of information, images, sound and music |
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| Covers a small area such as one site or building |
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| Covers a large geographical area. |
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| A device that forwards packets of data along networks. |
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| A non profit charitable organisation that aims to encourage the development and distribution of free educational content |
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| Important components of many communication systems |
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| IP stands for Internet Protocol: The protocols are connectivity guidelines and regulations that govern computer networks. 2. IP addresses are assigned to computers, not people. The IP address you see—the one you're connected to a network and the Internet with—is assigned to the computer you're on. |
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| a device which controls access to separately stored files, as part of a multi-user system |
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| An intranet is a network based on TCP/IP protocols (an internet) belonging to an organization, usually a corporation, accessible only by the organization's members, employees, or others with authorization. |
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| A digital signal refers to an electrical signal that is converted into a pattern of bits. Unlike an analog signal, which is a continuous signal that contains time-varying quantities, a digital signal has a discrete value at each sampling point. |
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| An analog signal is any continuous signal for which the time varying feature (variable) of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity, i.e., analogous to another time varying signal. |
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| Systems management refers to enterprise-wide administration of distributed systems including (and commonly in practice) computer systems. [citation needed] Systems management is strongly influenced by network management initiatives in telecommunications. |
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| pam is flooding the Internet with many copies of the same message, in an attempt to force the message on people who would not otherwise choose to receive it. |
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| A computer virus is a type of malicious software program ("malware") that, when executed, replicates by reproducing itself (copying its own source code) or infecting other computer programs by modifying them. Infecting computer programs can include as well, data files, or the "boot" sector of the hard drive. |
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| Voice over Internet Protocol (Voice over IP, VoIP and IP telephony) is a methodology and group of technologies for the delivery of voice communications and multimedia sessions over Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as the Internet. |
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| Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing or networking is a distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or work loads between peers. Peers are equally privileged, equipotent participants in the application. They are said to form a peer-to-peer network of nodes. |
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| A client-server network is designed for end-users, called clients, to access resources such as files, songs, video collections, or some other service from a central computer called a server. |
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| A computer worm is a standalone malware computer program that replicates itself in order to spread to other computers. Often, it uses a computer network to spread itself, relying on security failures on the target computer to access it. Unlike a computer virus, it does not need to attach itself to an existing program. |
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| In computing, Trojan horse, or Trojan, is any malicious computer program which is used to hack into a computer by misleading users of its true intent. The term is derived from the Ancient Greek story of the wooden horse that was used to help Greek troops invade the city of Troy by stealth. |
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| software that enables a user to obtain covert information about another's computer activities by transmitting data covertly from their hard drive. |
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| A pop-up blocker is software that prevents pop-up windows from appearing on a website. Some pop-up blockers work by immediately closing the pop-up window, while others disable the command that calls the pop-up window. Most browser software allows the user to turn the blocker on or off. |
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| n Internet slang, a troll (/ˈtroʊl/, /ˈtrɒl/) is a person who sows discord on the Internet by starting arguments or upsetting people, by posting inflammatory,[1] extraneous, or off-topic messages in an online community (such as a newsgroup, forum, chat room, or blog) with the intent of provoking readers into an emotional response[2] or of otherwise disrupting normal, on-topic discussion,[3] often for the troll's amusement. |
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| the use of electronic communication to bully a person, typically by sending messages of an intimidating or threatening nature. |
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| An ad hoc network is a type of temporary computer-to-computer connection. In ad hoc mode, you can set up a wireless connection directly to another computer without having to connect to a Wi-Fi access point or router. |
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| Infrared technology allows computing devices to communicate via short-range wireless signals. With infrared, computers can transfer files and other digital data bidirectionally. The infrared transmission technology used in computers is similar to that used in consumer product remote control units. |
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| Speech recognition (SR) is the inter-disciplinary sub-field of computational linguistics which incorporates knowledge and research in the linguistics, computer science, and electrical engineering fields to develop methodologies and technologies that enables the recognition and translation of spoken language into text by computers and computerized devices such as those categorized as smart technologies and robotics. It is also known as "automatic speech recognition" (ASR), "computer speech recognition", or just "speech to text" |
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| Payment cards that comply with the EMV standard are often called Chip and PIN or Chip and Signature cards, depending on the authentication methods employed by the card issuer. EMV stands for Europay, MasterCard, and Visa, the three companies that originally created the standard. |
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| Encryption is the most effective way to achieve data security. To read an encrypted file, you must have access to a secret key or password that enables you to decrypt it. Unencrypted data is called plain text ; encrypted data is referred to as cipher text. |
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| The Motherboard itself is a printed circuit board that allows the CPU, RAM, and all other computer hardware components to communicate with each other. There are huge variations in Motherboards from design, cases, power supply, size (Form Factor) and compatibility. |
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| An expansion slot is a socket on the motherboard that is used to insert an expansion card (or circuit board), which provides additional features to a computer such as video, sound, advanced graphics, Ethernet or memory. |
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| In communication networks, a node (Latin nodus, 'knot') is either a connection point, a redistribution point (e.g. data communications equipment), or a communication endpoint (e.g. data terminal equipment). The definition of a node depends on the network and protocol layer referred to. |
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| A network switch (also called switching hub, bridging hub, officially MAC bridge[1]) is a computer networking device that connects devices together on a computer network, by using packet switching to receive, process and forward data to the destination device. Unlike less advanced network hubs, a network switch forwards data only to one or multiple devices that need to receive it, rather than broadcasting the same data out of each of its ports.[2] |
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| In computer architecture, a processor register is a quickly accessible location available to a digital processor's central processing unit (CPU). Registers usually consist of a small amount of fast storage, although some registers have specific hardware functions, and may be read-only or write-only. |
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| A wireless local area network (WLAN) is a wireless computer network that links two or more devices using a wireless distribution method (often spread-spectrum or OFDM radio) within a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, or office building. |
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| Bitmap (or raster) images are stored as a series of tiny dots called pixels. Each pixel is actually a very small square that is assigned a color, and then arranged in a pattern to form the image. When you zoom in on a bitmap image you can see the individual pixels that make up that image. |
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| In computing, a vector processor or array processor is a central processing unit (CPU) that implements an instruction set containing instructions that operate on one-dimensional arrays of data called vectors, compared to scalar processors, whose instructions operate on single data items. |
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