Term
| What part of the fallopian tube does fertilization normally occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some modifications in the endometrium during the follicular phase that are caused by estrogen? |
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Definition
1. The cervical epithelium secretes more watery secretions, allowing easier sperm penetration
2. The pH of the cervical mucous increases, which supports sperm motility
3. Contractions of the myometrium propel sperm towards the ampulla |
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Term
| How does estrogen affect adrenergic receptors? |
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Definition
| It agonizes alpha adrenergic receptors, which increaes contractions that help sperm motility |
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Term
| What happens to adrenergic receptors as a result of progesterone? |
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Definition
| Progesterone stimulates beta adrenergic receptors which causes relaxation of the oviduct so that the embryo can move into the uterus. |
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Term
| How many days after ovulation does implantation normally occur? |
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Definition
5 days
The uterus is receptive to implantation for 3 days when the progesterone:estrogen ratio is high |
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Term
| What are syncytial trophoblasts? |
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Definition
| They destroy adjacent decidual cells, which allows the blastocyst to penetrate the uterine wall, becoming completely engulfed in the endometrium. The syncitial trophoblasts become major hormone producers of progesterone. |
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Term
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Definition
| It maintains the corpus luteum which ensures the continued synthesis of progesterone and estrogen, which maintain the endometrium for implantation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Produces powerful contractions of the myometrium in the late pregnancy and is used as a clinical inducer. It is not the trigger for birth, as its concentration does not typically increase until after labor has begun. It is secreted in response to cervical stretching. And it can protect against hemmorhage. |
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Term
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Definition
It is important in the development of the breast for lactation. As estrogen and progesterone levels fall after birth, prolactin receptors increase 20 fold so that suckling can begin.
Prolactin acts on the alveolar epithelium inducing the transcription of casein genes
Can be stimulated by suckling |
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