Term
| What are the 4 organ systems that are directly involved in the exchange between the blood compartment and the outside environment? |
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Definition
1. Lungs 2. GI Tract 3. Kidneys 4. Skin |
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Term
| What is the major exception for the fact that most organ systems are in parallel with each other with respect to blood flow from the aorta? |
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Definition
| The liver, which receives a large fraction of its blood supply from the venous GI tract. (Portal Vein) |
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Term
| What is the importance of the parallel blood flow systems? |
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Definition
| This prevents blood flow changes in one organ from affecting the blood flow in another organ. In contrast, when vascular beds are in series, blood flow changes in one system changes the blood flow in another. |
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Term
| What is the role of the heart in terms of blood flow? |
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Definition
| The heart should be viewed as a pump that receives blood from venous blood vessels at a lot pressure, imparts energy to the blood via contraction, and then ejects the blood into the arterial blood vessels at high pressure. |
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Term
| What is the equation for Cardiac Output? |
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Definition
CO = (SV)(HR) CO - Amount of blood ejected from the heart in a unit of time SV - the volume of blood pumped out from one ventricle in a single beat HR - heart rate in beats/minute |
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Term
| At what level of the cardiovascular systems is the physiologic regulation of blood flow to organs? |
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Definition
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Term
What is vascular resistance? What are the 2 different systems? Why is it needed? |
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Definition
- The resistance to flow that must be overcome to push blood through the circulatory system.
- There is the systemic vascular system and the pulmonary vascular system.
- Vascular resistance is needed in order to maintain a blood flow.
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Term
| What is the role of baroreceptors? |
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Definition
| Baroreceptors, through their afferent neural connections to the brain provide the central nervous system with information regarding the status of blood pressure in the body. The central nervous system maintains blood pressure by regulating the activity of the heart and vasculature through autonomic innervation. |
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