Term
| Reasons for medical screening |
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Definition
Direct access
quicker/sicker at baseline
Signed prescription
Info told to PT and not to Dr
Flags present (yellow or red) |
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Term
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Definition
| detecting disease or body dysfunction before the person would normally seek care |
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Term
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Definition
Older women - getting mammogram or bone density check
teens - scoliosis, eating disorders |
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Term
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Definition
-Requires targeted prevention
-Analysis of health information to look for problems occurring in general population, specific groups, or workplace. |
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Term
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Definition
Reach as far forward as you can without taking a step
-Score < 6/7 limited functional balance
-Most healthy individuals reach 10+ in. |
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Term
| Functional reach test - normal score for 70-87 yrs old |
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Definition
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Term
| Functional reach test - stop when |
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Definition
feet lift off floor or fall forward
-Guard from front |
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Term
| Timed up and go test - what used for |
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Definition
Use to identify/screen elderly prone to falls
-Longer than 14 seconds - have a high risk of falls |
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Term
What is the difference between TUG, TUG Cognitive, and TUG Manual
TUG=Timed up and go |
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Definition
TUG alone - stand from seated position in chair, walk 3 meters, turn around, walk back and sit down.
TUG Cognitive - Do TUG while counting backwards
TUG Manual - Do TUG while carrying full cup of water |
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Term
| Neurological screening includes |
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Definition
-mental/emotional status
-Cranial nerves
-Deep tendon reflexes
-Motor function (gait, posture, balance, etc)
-Sensory function
-Superficial (pin prick)
-Temperature
-Vibration (tuning fork) |
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Term
|
Definition
-Romberg: feet together (30 sec) with eyes open and closed
-Sharpened Romberg: Heel/toe eyes open and closed
-Single leg stance: 30 sec, eyes open and closed
-TUG
-Functional Reach |
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Term
|
Definition
Gait assessment (observe)
Sit to Stand
Stairs climbing |
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Term
| Musculoskeletal Screening |
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Definition
-Observe for deformities, abnormalities, disabilities, asymmetries
-Assess from all angles (front, back, right, left)
-May include upper or lower quarter screen
-ROM
-Joint mobility
-Strength |
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Term
| Integumentary screening - very important for PTs |
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Definition
-Hands, arms, feet, and legs
-Look for changes in
- texture
- color
- temperature
- clubbing
- circulation
- edema |
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Term
| Clinical signs of mild dehydration |
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Definition
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Term
| Clinical signs of moderate dehydration |
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Definition
-very dry mouth/cracked lips
-Sunken eyes - infants(fontanel)
-Poor skin turgor
-postural hypotension
-Headache |
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Term
| Clinical signs for severe dehydration |
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Definition
-all signs moderate
-Rapid/weak pulse (>100bpm)
-Rapid breathing
-Confusion, lethargy, irritability
-Cold hands/feet
-unable to cry or urinate |
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Term
| When would you use the Karnofsky Performance Scale? |
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Definition
-For patients with HIV
-Rates in order of %
-0% death ------ 100% normal/no signs of disease |
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Term
| What kinds of questions does the mini mental status scale ask? How many questions? |
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Definition
- 10 questions
-date/orientation/age/president/
subtract 3 from 100 and keep going |
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Term
| Classify mini mental state scale |
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Definition
Max - 30
Impaired < 24
Mildly impaired 21-23
Moderate 16-20
Severely <16 |
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Term
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Definition
Average oral temp 98.6F / 37C
Hypothermia: < 95 F / 35 C
Realize: temp varies thru day/lifespan |
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Term
| When monitoring pulse - easiest thing to do is.. |
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Definition
Compare it to your own pulse
-weak
-strong
-mixed
-irregular |
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Term
| Define bradycardia and tachycardia |
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Definition
Bradycardia < 60bpm
Tachycardia > 100bpm |
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Term
| Things to have in a mobile screening kit |
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Definition
-stethoscope
-sphygmomanometer
-thermometer
-pulse oximeter
-reflex hammer
-penlight
-cotton swab/ 2 test tubes (sensation)
-Familiar objects
-tuning fork
-watch
-gloves
-tape measure
-goniometer
-safety pin (dermatome) |
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Term
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Definition
-Fruity - diabetic ketoacidosis (acetone)
-Scent of alcohol
-Halitosis - dental decay, pulmonary infections, throat/sinus infection, liver failure, uremia |
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Term
| Vital signs that should be taken on all people |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
pulse, bp, temp
RR
Pulse oximetry
skin temp
pain |
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Term
| Signs/symptoms of malnutrition |
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Definition
-muscle wasting
-hair loss/thinning (alopecia)
-Dermatitis - dry/flaking skin
-Chapped lips/lesions mouth corners
-Brittle nails
-Abdominal distension
-decreased activity, fatigue, lethargy |
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Term
| RED FLAGS - past medical history |
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Definition
-personal/family history of cancer
-Recent infection (6wks)followed by neurological symptoms like memory, headache, blurred vision
-Recurrent colds/flu
-Recent history of trauma
-History of immunosuppression
-IV drug use |
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Term
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Definition
-no known cause for problem
-symptoms not relieved/worsened by PT
-symptoms better w/PT but return |
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Term
| Significant weight gain without effort can be a red flag for ..(10% gain w/in 3 weeks) |
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Definition
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Term
| Significant weight loss can be a red flag for ....(10% weight w/in 3 weeks) |
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Definition
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Term
| Clinical symptoms can be red flags if... |
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Definition
-gradual, progressive or cyclical
-unrelieved by rest/position change
-Out of proportion to injury
-Longer than expected time
-cannot alter during an exam
-does not fit neuromuscular/ musculoskeletal pattern
-no pattern of symptoms |
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Term
| A growing mass is always to be assumed.. |
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Definition
A tumor
- until proven otherwise
- a hematoma will decrease over time |
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Term
| If a woman over the age of 55 (postmenopausal) complains of bleeding |
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Definition
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Term
| Red flags that may show up bilaterally |
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Definition
-Edema
-Numbness/tingling
-clubbing
-nail bed changes
-skin-pigmentation changes
-skin rash |
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Term
| what can be a red flag in people with neurological conditions? |
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Definition
-Change in muscle tone
-Change in ROM |
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Term
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Definition
-back/shoulder referred pain
-Night pain (constant/intense)
-Worse w/activity, better w/rest
-intermittent claudication, angina
-Description:throbbing/boring/deep aching
-Pain hard to localize
-pain associated w/viscera |
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Term
Constitutional symptoms/red flags
- more common
- whole body |
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Definition
-diaphoresis (unexplained sweating)
-night sweats
-nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
-pallor, dizziness, syncope
-fatigue, malaise
-weight loss (unexplained)
-fever
-decreased appetite |
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Term
| What do we always ask during interview? |
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Definition
| Are there any symptoms your are experiencing that may not seem related to your current problem? |
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Term
| If we see any constitutional symptoms, what should we do? |
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Definition
| - Examine further b/c these are symptoms of many diseases |
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Term
| What is the PTs role in disease prevention? |
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Definition
-Primary prevention
prevent development w/education etc
-Secondary prevention
early detection w/screening
-Tertiary prevention
limit degree of disability/
improve function
Health promotion and wellness
help to make good choices w/health |
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Term
|
Definition
-Cardiovascular
-pulmonary
-integumentary
-musculoskeletal
-Neuromuscular
-GI/GU
-Psychosocial |
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Term
| Getting ready for health history interview |
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Definition
-time to reflect
-review chart
-set goals for interview
-review behavior/appearance
-adjusting to environment
-taking notes |
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Term
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Definition
-greet/establish rapport
-invite pt story
-establish agenda
-expand/clarify pt story
-generate/test diagnostic hypothesis
-create shared understanding
-negotiate a plan
-plan for follow up and close
(they need to take responsibility for health and know what to do) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Name some things that help build a therapeutic relationship |
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Definition
-active listening
-guided questioning
-nonverbal
-empathy
-validation
-reassurance
-partnering
-summarization
-transitions
-empowering patient |
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Term
Example: patient interview for falls
OPEN QUESTIONs |
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Definition
History of fall: when happened, what else was going on, what were you doing at the time, what caused the fall, has this happened before ....
Effects of the fall: who helped you after, did you lose consciousness, injuries, get up on own or require help, what do after. |
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Term
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Definition
| Substance abuse, age, BMI, gender, alcohol abuse, occupation, domestic violence, hysterectomy, race, tobacco, overseas travel, sedentary lifestyle, radiation exposure, multiple sex partners |
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Term
| Past medical history can include things like ... |
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Definition
| cardiovascular, diabetes, cancer, infection, trauma, surgeries, pulmonary disease, TB, pregnancy, births, miscarriage, medications, occupational/environmental exposures, oversees travel, psychosocial screen |
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Term
| Risk factors for nutritional deficiency |
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Definition
| -economic status, LIVING ALONE,older age, depression, anxiety, eating disorders, lactose intolerance, nausea, GI impairments, chronic diarrhea, addiction, liver disease, dialysis, medications, burns, difficulty swallowing/chewing (like after a stroke) |
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