Term
| 6 main uses related to activation of alpha-adrenergic receptors |
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Definition
| 1) decongestion of mucous membranes 2) reduce blood flow 3) hemostasis during surgery 4) treat hypotension 5) paroxysmal atrial tachycardia 6) induce mydriasis |
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Term
| 7 main uses related to activation of beta-adrenergic receptors |
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Definition
| 1) asthma 2) Type I hypersensitivity 3) congestive heart failure 4) cardiac arrest 5) glaucoma 6) stress incontinence 7) premature uterine contractions in pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
| use long acting B2-adrenergic agonists + steroids |
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Term
| Treat in emergency of refractory asthma |
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Definition
| use catecholamines, epi,or iso; they are most effective but short-acting and cause side effects of increased heart workload |
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Term
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Definition
| use "as needed only" for asthmatic treatment; b2 selective agonist |
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Term
| Salmeterol and formoterol |
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Definition
| long acting B-2AR agonists; used prophylactically; lasts 10-12 hours but slow onset |
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Term
| 5 CNS uses of sympathetomimetics |
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Definition
| 1) hypertension 2) withdrawal from narcotic addiction 3) narcolepsy 4) adhd 5) obesity |
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Term
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Definition
| rarely used today; rapidly degrades so give IV; SE: overexcitation of heart |
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Term
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Definition
| Cardiac stimulant in emergencies and bronchial dilator in anaphylactic shock (IV); given topically for glaucoma |
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Term
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Definition
PROTOTYPE selective alpha-1 agonist; primarily a vasoconstrictor; applied topically to nasal mucosa; can treat hypotension and paraxoysmal tachycardia. Also apply topically to dilate eyes.
Now main ingredient in Sudafed. |
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Term
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Definition
selective alpha-2 agonist --> antihypertensive
SE: Must ween off drug
ORAL |
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Term
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Definition
| beta-1 agonist used to stimulate heart in cardiogenic shock |
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Term
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Definition
| beta-2 agonist; treat asthma; rarely used |
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Term
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Definition
| beta-1 and beta-2 agonist inhaled for asthma; SE: induces tachycardia more frequently than others in its class |
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Term
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Definition
| Given ORALly to relax bronchial muscle, produce vasoconstriction in nasal mucosa and elevate BP; SE: can penetrate brain |
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Term
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Definition
| IV drip to manage hypotensive shock. In low doses can relax renal blood vessels; higher doses increase contractility (b1); highest doses produce vasoconstriction (a1) |
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Term
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Definition
| PROTOTYPE competitive a1 antagonist. Used to treat benign hypertrophy and lowers BP; Half life of 3 hours; ORAL/IV. SE: postural hypotension (first dose effect) |
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Term
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Definition
| a1 antagonist for BPH by relaxing prostatic smooth muscle tone |
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Term
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Definition
| reversible nonselective a antagonist; vasodilator for pheochromocytoma treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| irreversible alpha blocker; use for pheochromocytoma and ED. SE: postural hypotension and marked tachycardia as it also blocks histamine and serotonin receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| reversible antagonist; (S,R) a1 blocker and (R,R) is b blocker; Treats hypertension |
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Term
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Definition
| selective a2 blocker; increases release of NE; shows promise in painful diabetic neuropathies and diabetic impotence |
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Term
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Definition
| pan-beta blocker given ORALly with poor bio-availability (1st pass liver); 3-4 hours; treat hypertension (blocks renin secretion), arrhythmias (blocks NE and Epi) and angina. **SE: depressed cardiac contractility, exarcebates lung disorders and hypoglycemia. Abrupt cessation can cause sudden death. |
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Term
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Definition
| pan-beta blocker used topically for glaucoma; antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic |
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Term
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Definition
| b-antagonist and is a partial agonist. May produce smaller reductions in HR than other antagonists --> good for hypertensive patients w/ bradycardia |
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Term
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Definition
| Major drug for CHF. pan-b blocker (decrease b1/b2 effects of NE), a1 blocker (decreases vasoconstriction), anti-oxidant |
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Term
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Definition
| PROTOTYPE b1 blocker. Decreases CO and blocks renin release --> treat hypertension. SE: bronchial constriction and cardiac decompensation |
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Term
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Definition
| b1 blocker, antihypertensive |
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Term
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Definition
| blocks transport of NE into vesicle w/in neuron so decreases NE and treats hypertension |
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Term
| Ways to increase oral effectiveness of sympathetomimetics |
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Definition
| absence of ring hydroxyls and presence of an alpha-carbon subsituent (resistance to MAO) |
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