Term
| What are the stages of swine production? |
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Definition
| Farrowing, (then Breeding & and Gestation), or (Nursery & Finishing) |
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Term
| Describe the flow of pigs in a barn? |
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Definition
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Term
| Discuss biosecurity as it applies to pigs |
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Definition
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Term
| List common causes of pig morbidity |
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Definition
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Term
| List common causes of pig mortality |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe what can be done to help prevent morbidity and mortality |
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Definition
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Term
| Explain the environmental, host, and agent factors that contribute to the development of pig disease |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the major swine provinces Canada? |
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Definition
| Ontario, Quebec, Manitoba |
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Term
| T or F: China is the number one exporter of swine |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the some quality assurance programs in place to help enforce quality in swine production? |
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Definition
Food Safety (1998)
Biosecurity Standards (2012)
Code of Practise (2014) |
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Term
| What are some fixed costs of production in swine economics? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the #1 cost of production in swine economics, and why is it variable (i.e. not a fixed cost)? |
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Definition
| Feed! It fluctuates with the cost of corn, and the number of pigs in the barn |
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Term
| What are some factors affecting the fluctuating price of a market pig? |
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Definition
- supply and demand
- USD/CAD exchange rate |
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Term
| What are the different types of swine farms? |
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Definition
Farrow to finish
Weaner producers
Grow-Finish Operation
Breeding stock suppliers
SEW (Segregated Early Weaning - aka Multi-site production) |
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Term
| What are the different phases of production for pigs? |
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Definition
Breeding
Gestation
Farrowing
Nursery
Finishing |
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Term
| What is the pig flow on a farrow to finish farm? |
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Definition
Farrowing to Nursery to Finishing
OR
Farrowing to Breeding to Gestation (then piglets back to Farrowing) |
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Term
| What is the flow of pigs when using Multi-site production? |
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Definition
Farrowing (separate site), to Nursery & Finishing (same site)
OR
Farrowing (separate site), to Breeding & Gestation (same site) (then piglets back to Farrowing) |
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Term
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Definition
| The steps taken to protect the pig farm **from entry of disease agents** - viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic |
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Term
| What is the most common source of disease? |
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Definition
| New pigs arriving in a herd |
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Term
| What are some ways to prevent new disease from entering your herd when introducing new pigs? |
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Definition
- buy pigs from **one source** with known health status
- buy from herd with **good biosecurity**
- quarantine new boars/gilts for at least 60 days (test for disease, vaccinate, expose to sentinel pigs)
- reduce number of new pigs brought into herd
- build new barns ~3km away from other herds |
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Term
| What are the two types of access zones in pig farm biosecurity? |
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Definition
- CAZ-Controlled Access Zone (pig farm yard, buildings and driveway only, limited access)
- RAZ-Restricted Access Zone (where pigs are housed, defined entry protocol) |
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Term
| What are some factors to consider when establishing biosecurity (things that might threaten it)? What are some ways for each to help reduce the threat? |
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Definition
People
- restrict barn access (signs, doors, locks)
- wash hands/shower
- change clothes
Vehicles
- ensure trucks have been cleaned
- don't allow them near barn (CAZ)
- have dead-stock pick-up at end of lane
Deadstock
- handled via cremation, incineration, composting, or and/or burial
Other Animals
- no cats/dogs/other species in barn
- rodent control program
- screens to keep birds out |
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Term
| Why does biosecurity seem so much more important in the swine industry? |
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Definition
Industry structure (often transporting pigs)
Large populations of pigs (often all housed together)
Age of the Population of pigs (frequent turnover, always young/naive animals, higher risk of new disease more frequently)
Production-limiting disease (PRRS, circovirus)
Emerging Disease (PRRS, Circovirus, PED, Swine Dysentry) |
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