Some population Facts

- Current world pop

- Doubled since when

- Where are most people

- What countries are most populated

Now at 7 billion, world population increased by 1 billion in 10 years. Doubled population since 1960. Much of the People are crowded in cities on the seacoasts. Both India and China have over 1 billion ppl.

- 51% in urban

- Livelihood: services 40%, Agriculture 33%, Industry 22%

- 82% Literacy

- Language: Mandarin 13%. English 5%. Spanish 5%

- Nationality: Chineese 17%, Indian 17%, American 4%

- Income: 5 billion make less than $4,000 pr yr.

What is the problem with overpopulation?

what are the 3 main ways to avert crisis?

- By 2045 world pop will be 9 billion. Food supply will Need to double

- Averting crises

1) Adjust diets (eat soy)

2) Increase Research (to produce higher productivity)

3) REduce waste (much food disapears between field and fork)

Global Warming

Myth or Fact?

Fact

Three Kinds of Countries

List and detail

1) First world: All the industrialized nations of the capitalist West

2) Second World. The communist nations whose economies are alternatives to the market-dominated west

3) Third World: Former colonies of the West. Many are underdeveloped

Economic Successes and Failures around the world

- Some former colonies of the West transformed d/t natural resources like oil (Middle east)

- Other countries lacked in natural resources, have attained growth and prosperity none the less (Four Tigers of asia: Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan)

- Third world lost gound. Wors off than ten years ago.

(Cambodia, Bangladesh, Somalia)

Types of Welfare states

- List and detail the 3

1. Residual welfare states: maintain safety net for the poorest of the poor (USA)

2. Institutional Welfare States: provide variety of social programs for everyone (Western Europe)

3. Industrial Performance model: more typical of former USSR and Eastern European countries. Lacked parts of the complete welfare state but more than just safety nets

- Corperatism

- Some countries form strong alliances with the business sector to develop productive alliances of business, labor and the govrnment to reach consensus on social welfare

Explain:

- Integrated Welfare States

- Differentiated Welfare states

- Integrated Welfare States: countries closely following corpratism (ex. Sweeden, austria, Australia, France)

- Differentiated Welfare states: Countries shying from corperatism. Do not integrate social, business and political sectors to all form around social welfare policy (ex. US and UK)

1) Diverse in racial/ethnic/religious groups so hard to form consensus

2) We have Diverse economic interests. Hard to justify someting we all share

3) high degree of political decentralization

4) US doesn't have strong bureaucratic govt needed to run it.

5) highly value individualism and mistrust strong central govt

6) US trade unions not as strong as Europe

The welfare state in transition

- Explain changes

- Explain global economy implications

- Taxes, Bill Clinton, Competition

-

- major changes affecting welfare states of europe and the US. Hard times. So, many countries cut programs.

- Global economy forcing countries to cut costs and produce more for less to be competitive

- push to cut taxes for businesses (Bill Clinton and Tony blair both liberals, had to cintinue conservative policies to keep their countries competetive.

- these polocies could create permanent underclass in US like exists in third world

- Explain the State of The World

- Why have democratic countries succeeded in economic development?

- State of the World: 66% of the world lives on <1$ pr day. Assets of 358 Billionaires exceed combined anual income of countries w/ 45% of world's ppl.

- Democratic countries have succeeded because:

-Bad things happen when countries exclude large groups of people from participation.

-Freedom is a condition for economic freedom. Not a by-product.

1) life longevity

2) Health

3) Freeom from assault

4) Creativity

5) Freedom to have relationships not controlled nor censored by others

6) Freedom to plan one's life

7) Freedom from discrimination

8) Protection of the Environment

9) Play

10) Control over one's own environment

$607 Billion

27%