Term
| Fundamental question of the Ecological Footprint |
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Definition
| How many Earths are we using? |
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Term
| Fundamental question of the Mass Balance fo humanity |
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Definition
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Term
| Fundamental question of Planetary Boundaries study |
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Definition
| What's the safe amount of stuff we can use? |
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Term
| Fundamental question of Safe and Just Space for Humanity |
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Definition
| How much stuff can we use and still have a safe and just society? |
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Term
| Relation between HDI and EF |
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Definition
| as HDI increases, so does EF (trend) |
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Term
|
Definition
sustainability measures for
the built environment and
specific projects. |
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Term
| 3 Dominant Topics of built systems |
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Definition
| energy, transportation and built environment |
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Term
| 2015 significant planetary boundary passed |
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Definition
| 400 ppm carbon dioxide in atmosphere for entire month |
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Term
| Average max CO2 concentration over past 800k years |
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Definition
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Term
| Average minimum CO2 concentration over past 800k years |
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Definition
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Term
| Renewable resource that provides greatest amount of energy |
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Definition
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Term
| Renewable resource that provides LEAST amount of global energy |
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Definition
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Term
| NON-renewable resource that provides greatest amount of energy |
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Definition
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Term
| NON-renewable resource that provides LEAST amount of global energy |
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Definition
|
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Term
| How many joules in an exajoule? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How much energy does humanity require annually |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| any energy beyond that which is used for subsistence |
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Term
| How much non-renewable energy must be replaced to power with world with only renewable sources? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Author of Reinventing Fire |
|
Definition
| Amory Lovins (founder of RMI) |
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|
Term
| Premise of Reinventing Fire |
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Definition
| we can switch from non-renewable energy to renewable with an increase in economic activity, not a decrease |
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Term
| Benefits of switching USA from non-renewable to renewable |
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Definition
| $5 trillion in savings, 158% GDP growth, 0% nuclear reliance |
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Term
| Developer of The Solutions Project |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Goal of The Solutions Project |
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Definition
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Term
| IEA Global milestone for 2014 |
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Definition
| 32 GT carbon emitted 2014 and 2013, 3% global economy growth |
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Term
| Fundamental question does the ecological footprint attempt to answer |
|
Definition
| how many earths are we using |
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|
Term
| what fundamental question does the mass balance of humanity attempt to answer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the fundamental question does the planetary boundaries study attempt to answer |
|
Definition
| whats the safe amount of stuff we can use |
|
|
Term
| What fundamental question does the safe and just space of humanity attempt to answer |
|
Definition
| how much stuff can we use and still have a safe and just society |
|
|
Term
| what is the relationship of the HDI and EF |
|
Definition
| as HDI increases, so does EF (trend) |
|
|
Term
| What does the Sustainable Project appraisal routine attempt to assess |
|
Definition
| sustainability measure for the built environment and specific profects |
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|
Term
| 3 dominant topics governing sustainability of built systems |
|
Definition
| energy, transportation and built environment |
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|
Term
| In February 2015, a significant planetary boundary was passed. What was it? |
|
Definition
| 400 ppm carbon in atmosphere |
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|
Term
| how long has atmospheric CO2 been increasing? |
|
Definition
| industrial revolution (about 1960) |
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|
Term
| how long has detailed measurements of CO2 been conjuscted |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who initiated detailed measurements of atmospheric CO2 |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| average max atmospheric CO2 concentration during the last 800,000 years |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| average min atmosphereic CO2 concentration during the last 800,000 years |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which renewable energy resource provides the greatest quantity of energy annually |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which renewable energy resource provides the least quantity of energy annually |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which non-renewable energy resource provides the greatest quantity of energy annually |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which non-renewable energy resource provides the least quantity of energy annually |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many EJ does humanity require annually |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is technological energy |
|
Definition
| any energy beyond that which is used for substance. Beyond what calories you burn just to stay alive |
|
|
Term
| how much energy form non-renewable sources must be replaced in order to power the world with renewable sources |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who wrote reinventing fire |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what benefits derive form transisitioning out national energy use to renewable sources |
|
Definition
| better for the economy (5trillion in savings, 158% growth in GDP, and 0% nuclear power reliance) |
|
|
Term
| who is the developer of "the solutions project" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the goal of the solutions project |
|
Definition
| 100% clean, renewable energy |
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|
Term
| What was the global milestone in 2014 and what was the significance |
|
Definition
| We made economic process without increasing emissions |
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|
Term
| what are the major fuel sources available to the global transportation system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fundamental question does the ecological footprint attempt to answer |
|
Definition
| how many earths are we using |
|
|
Term
| 3 most important fuel sources for transprotation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do gas, diesel and jet have in common |
|
Definition
| all petroleum based, non-renewable |
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|
Term
| Modes of transportation worldwide |
|
Definition
| LDV, Train, truck, bus, aviation, marine |
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|
Term
| dominant mode of transprotation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| transportation mode that uses greatest quantity of global energy resources |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what happened to global population between 1971-2007 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what happened to global transportation energy used between 1971-2007 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| average growth rate of transportation energy growth during 1971-2007 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what proportion of total energy use was transportation energy in 2012 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how does US transportation energy relate to global transportation energy |
|
Definition
| use a little more LDV than global average |
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|
Term
| proportion of US energy use is its transportation energy use |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| top 3 transposition used in US |
|
Definition
| LDV, trucks& busses, off-road/aviation |
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|
Term
| with respect to transportation energy, what is biomass |
|
Definition
| primarily ethanol and biodiesel |
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|
Term
| main source of energy for US transportation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| other sources of energy for US transportation |
|
Definition
| petroleum for domestic oil, electricity, biomass, natural gas, other petroleum |
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|
Term
| US transportation system is used for |
|
Definition
| primarily used for moving people. Also used for moving stuff |
|
|
Term
what do following abbreviations stand for
Conv.
FFV
SI-HEV
SI-PHEV
BEV
FCV |
|
Definition
Conventional
Flex Fuel Vehicle
Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Plugin Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Battery Electric Vehicle
Fuel Cell Vehicle |
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|
Term
| two largest costs in the US house hold |
|
Definition
| Housing and transportation |
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|
Term
| how do automobile costs differ from costs like education or homes |
|
Definition
| people usually dont have a good grasp on their total transportation costs, like they do on housing and education. |
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|
Term
| how much did costs of car ownership increase form 1975-2012 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| typical costs associated with car ownership |
|
Definition
| fuel, maintenance, tires, insurance, license, registration and taxes, depreciation, finance |
|
|
Term
| doubling time of costs of car ownership form 1075-2012 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what proportion of household income did a car cost in 1975 and in 2012 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| avg annual growth rate of pop. in NWA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| avg. car ownership per household in NWA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What % of household income is spent on transportation in NWA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What % of household income is spent on housing in NWA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rule of thumb regarding household income proportion that should be paid for housing+transportation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what % of NWA meets rule of thumb |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| National Highway speed limit law |
|
Definition
| put national speed limit at 55mph in 1973. lower than before to save on fuel and make less crashes |
|
|
Term
| When was national highway speed limit law repealed |
|
Definition
| 1995. repealed bc GOP contract of america and people wanted to drive faster |
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|
Term
| technologies described by Lovins that would improve fuel efficiency |
|
Definition
| aerodynamic, lighter, advanced propulsion systems |
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|
Term
| advantages of challenging US car culture to improve sustainablitiy |
|
Definition
| cars are our primary source of energy consumption so the biggest amount of improvements can be met here |
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|
Term
| advantages of reduced highway speed limits |
|
Definition
| use less fuel, increase safety, reduce mechanical wear and tear on car, relieve congestion in cities and increase bikablitiy and walkabitiy |
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|
Term
| why is the built environment the largest footprint of humans on earth |
|
Definition
| buildings use raw materials, water, energy and land. |
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Term
| proportion of global raw materials go toward built enviroments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| parts of the built environment footprint that are well documented and not well documented |
|
Definition
well=energy use, waste and efficacy
no well= raw material, water and land |
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|
Term
| proportion of global energy used by buildings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| proportion of global energy used by industry |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| proportion of global energy used by ag |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| proportion of global energy used by transportation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| proportion of raw materials that goes toward buildings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| potable water used by buildings in US annually |
|
Definition
| 15 trillion gallons per year (14% of all potable water) |
|
|
Term
| proportion of total US energy used by buildings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| building sector that uses the greatest quantity of energy in US |
|
Definition
| HVAC heating, ventilation and air conditioning |
|
|
Term
| what energy is used for in buildings (residential and commercial) |
|
Definition
| HVAC, lights, electronics and computers, water heating, fridge, cooking, other |
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|
Term
| significant gains in sustainability that can be achieved through reengineering the build enviroment |
|
Definition
| energy efficiency, sustainable renovation/retrofitting, materials and water efficiency |
|
|
Term
| 6 principles of sustainable design for buildings |
|
Definition
| optimize site selection, optimize energy use, protect and conserve water, optimize building safe and material use, enhance indoor environmental quality, optimize operations and maintenance practices |
|
|
Term
| common principles for optimizing site selection for buildings |
|
Definition
| minimize development of open space, provide wildlife corridors, consider energy implications, control erosion, reduce heat islands, minimize habitat disturbance, reduce, control and treat surface runoff, restore degraded sites, incorporate transportation solutions, consider site security, and reduce light pollution |
|
|
Term
| why does sight selection matter for built enviroment |
|
Definition
| influences building security, accessibility, energy consumption, transport to and from building, impacts local ecosystem and using existing structures |
|
|
Term
| fundamental of energy optimization use to make buildings more sustainable |
|
Definition
| reduce heating, cooling and lighting loads, employ renewable energy sources, use efficient HVAC and lighting systems, employ energy modeling programs and optimize system controls, monitor project performance |
|
|
Term
| methods used to conserve water in sustainable building designs |
|
Definition
| minimize runoff and waste water discharge, increase water efficiency, maximize use of water that is collected on site, use high efficiency fixtures, eliminate leaks, improve onsite water quality, consider quality requirements of each use, recover non-sewage and grey water for use. |
|
|
Term
| functional concept behind optimizing building space and how its done |
|
Definition
| make building more sustainable. done by using materials that dont unnecessarily contribute to waste stream, use nontoxic materials, use materials from renewable resources, salvage and utilize existing facilities, products and equipment, optimize building size, use environmentally preferred products, max. recycled content of new materials, max. use of sustainably harvested material, limit construction and demolition waste, give preference to local products, think about waste recycling during design phase |
|
|
Term
| how much of our lives do we spend indoors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 6 principles of sustainable design for buildings |
|
Definition
| optimize site selection, optimize energy use, protect and conserve water, optimize building safe and material use, enhance indoor environmental quality, optimize operations and maintenance practices |
|
|
Term
| common principles for optimizing site selection for buildings |
|
Definition
| minimize development of open space, provide wildlife corridors, consider energy implications, control erosion, reduce heat islands, minimize habitat disturbance, reduce, control and treat surface runoff, restore degraded sites, incorporate transportation solutions, consider site security, and reduce light pollution |
|
|
Term
| why does sight selection matter for built enviroment |
|
Definition
| influences building security, accessibility, energy consumption, transport to and from building, impacts local ecosystem and using existing structures |
|
|
Term
| fundamental of energy optimization use to make buildings more sustainable |
|
Definition
| reduce heating, cooling and lighting loads, employ renewable energy sources, use efficient HVAC and lighting systems, employ energy modeling programs and optimize system controls, monitor project performance |
|
|
Term
| methods used to conserve water in sustainable building designs |
|
Definition
| minimize runoff and waste water discharge, increase water efficiency, maximize use of water that is collected on site, use high efficiency fixtures, eliminate leaks, improve onsite water quality, consider quality requirements of each use, recover non-sewage and grey water for use. |
|
|
Term
| functional concept behind optimizing building space and how its done |
|
Definition
| make building more sustainable. done by using materials that dont unnecessarily contribute to waste stream, use nontoxic materials, use materials from renewable resources, salvage and utilize existing facilities, products and equipment, optimize building size, use environmentally preferred products, max. recycled content of new materials, max. use of sustainably harvested material, limit construction and demolition waste, give preference to local products, think about waste recycling during design phase |
|
|
Term
| how much of our lives do we spend indoors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| primary concern with indoor env. quality |
|
Definition
| air quality, aesthetics, ergonomics, acoustics, lighting, and electromagnetic frequencies |
|
|
Term
| volatile organic compounds |
|
Definition
| naturally occurring gasses or vapors that may be toxic to humans |
|
|
Term
| How are VOCs managed in indoor spaces |
|
Definition
| keep good ventilation, and use VOC free materials |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| illness effecting workers in office buildings that includes rash, headaches and breathing issues that results from being inside a place with bad env. quality |
|
|
Term
| how is indoor env. quality improved |
|
Definition
| have windows that can open, use VOC free materials, value aesthetic decisions, provide thermal comfort, prevent airborne bacteria, mold, fungi, and radon, assure acoustic privacy, control disturbing odors, create high performance, luminous env. and provide quality water |
|
|
Term
| long term health effects of working in buildings with poor indoor env. quality |
|
Definition
| sick building syndrome, depression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most energy intensive portion of building life cycle |
|
Definition
| operation and maintenance |
|
|
Term
| how does sustainable design enhance operations efficiency |
|
Definition
| makes it easier and cheaper |
|
|
Term
| how does sustainable design enhance building maintenance practices |
|
Definition
| train occupants, managers and staff in sustainable methods, use ecofriendly cleaning products, use automated monitors for utilities, provide operation support, engage occupants through education, clear signage, and insinuative programs, hire certified energy manager, use integrated pest management |
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