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Survey of Music Literature
Based on the exac questions on Dr. Hanson's quizzez
172
Music
Undergraduate 1
12/01/2012

Additional Music Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Cori Spezzati
Definition
A characteristic of the new Venetian School
Term
Ricercar
Definition

Evolved out of Gombert's use of pervading points of imitation that also influenced instrumental music.

 

Term
Unification by compositional procedure
Definition

What Josquin took from Ockeghem along with extensive use of canon, embellishment of borrowed melodies, and drive to the final cadence.

 

Term
Souterliedekens
Definition
Little Psalter songs set by Susato and Clement
Term
Text Painting
Definition
Using a rising scale to set the word "ascend"
Term
Laudes
Definition
The largest body of Italian sacred music written c. 1500
Term
Canti carnascialeschi
Definition
Homorhythmic chordal style Italian partsongs made popular by pre-lenten and springtime celebrations
Term
Trombocino
Definition
A leading composer of frottole in Mantua
Term
Verdelot, Arcadelt, and Festa
Definition
The leading composers of early madrigals
Term
Cipriano de Rore
Definition
An important middle Madrigalist
Term
Extreme Chromaticism
Definition
Featured in Gesualdo's Moro Lasso
Term
Anthem
Definition
The Anglican version of the motet
Term
musica reservata
Definition
Private concerts of the delle donne
Term
Frottola
Definition
Resembles the Parisian chanson in many respects
Term
Morley
Definition
The English composer whp provided the stylistic model for the Elizabethan light madrigal
Term
Byrd and Gibbons
Definition
The leading composers of consort songs
Term
Dowland and Campion
Definition
The leading composers of the lute song or ayre
Term
Meisterlieder
Definition
Always monophonic
Term
Isaac and Finck
Definition
Masters of the polyphonic Lied
Term
Romance and villancico
Definition
The principal types of Spanish 16th century secular vocal music
Term
The congregation
Definition
Sang chorales in the early Lutheran Church
Term
Tye and Tallis
Definition
The first musicians to compose Anglican services in accord with Archibishop Crammer's recommendation for syllabic settings
Term
Taverner
Definition
The most important English composer during the first part of the 16th century
Term
Correct declamation and textual clarity
Definition
Concerns of the Council of Trent addressed by Palestrina
Term
Pope Marcellus Mass
Definition
Written by Palestina to feature intelligibility of the text
Term
Noisy instruments
Definition
A concern of the Council of Trent
Term
Wittenburg Door
Definition
Had Luther's 95 theses nailed to it
Term
Zwingli
Definition
A Swiss Reformer
Term
Palestrina and Lassus
Definition
The greatest composers of the last half of the 16th century
Term
Macaronic
Definition
Texts which use a mixture of languages
Term
Consort
Definition
A group of instruments
Term
Tablature
Definition
Notation that some lute and keyboard music was written in
Term
Cromorne and shawm
Definition
Examples of wind instruments
Term
Viola da gamba
Definition
Supplanted by the cello
Term
Harpsichord and Clavichord
Definition
Two Renaissance keyboard instruments
Term
Orchesographie
Definition
An important dance treatise by Arbeau
Term
Sonata da chiesa
Definition
The evolution of the canzona
Term
Gabrieli
Definition
Second organist at St. Mark's who culminated the Venetian style
Term
Caccini
Definition
Credited with inventing monody
Term
Florentine Camerata
Definition
The academy which met in Count Bardi's house
Term
Declamation of the text
Definition
Music conceived by the Florentine Camerata
Term
Franco-Flemish;Monody
Definition
The two Baroque Practices
Term
Chamber, Church, Theater
Definition
The 3 styles of the Baroque
Term
Basso Continuo
Definition
Continued throughout the Baroque Period
Term
Dodecachordon
Definition
The treatise of Glareanus that recognized 12 church modes
Term
Franco-Flemish
Definition
The prevailing international style of the early Renaissance
Term
Missa Prolationum
Definition
The first composition written as a cycle of canons by Ockeghem
Term
Pervading Imitiation
Definition
An important feature of Josquin's style
Term
Chansons
Definition
What most of Josquins secular works are
Term
Obrecht
Definition
Used cabalistic numerology
Term
Heinrich Isaac
Definition
The first Franco-Flemish composer to disseminate that style to German lands
Term
Cristobal de Morales
Definition
The first major Spanish composer of early 16th century sacred music
Term
Josquin
Definition
Whom many consider to be the greatest composer
Term
Adrian Willaert
Definition
The flemish composer who began the Venetian School
Term
Augenmusik
Definition
Text painting for singers which is not heard
Term
1450-1600
Definition
When the musical renaissance is generally considered to be
Term
The Fall of Constantinople
Definition
Caused Byzantine scholars to seek refuge in Italy
Term
The Gutenburg Bible
Definition
Created in the year 1453 in concurrence with the 100 Years War and the Fall of Constantinople
Term
Picardian
Definition
Raising the third in the final cadence
Term
Renaissance music (1450)
Definition
Voices are equal
Term
Familiar Style
Definition
Renaissance homorhythmic, syllabic writing
Term
Melodic Flow
Definition

A hallmark of Ockeghem's writing
Term
Josquin
Definition
An innovator
Term
The doctrine of affections
Definition
Expression of one strong emotion at a time
Term
Tonal Polyphony
Definition
What the Baroque Period generally consists of
Term
Libretto
Definition
The text of an opera
Term
Daphne
Definition
The first real opera according to Stolba
Term
Peri
Definition
An early composer of opera along with Caccini
Term
Orfeo
Definition
The first real opera according to Dr. H
Term
Monteverdi
Definition
An innovator
Term
Alessandro Scarlatti
Definition

Made Naples a center of opera

 

Term
Jean-Baptiste Lully
Definition
Greatest composer of French opera in the latter half of the 17th century
Term
Dido and Aeneas
Definition
Composed by Henry Purcell
Term
Oratorio
Definition
Like an opera but with a narrator and no stage action
Term
Italian OVerture
Definition
Prelude to an opera with an F-S-F structure
Term
French Overture
Definition
Prelude to an opera with a slow fast slow structure
Term
Schutz
Definition
The greatest German composer of the 17th century
Term
Victoria
Definition
The greatest Spanish composer of the Renaissance
Term
Lyra and kithara
Definition
The main string instruments of Ancient Greece
Term
Skolia
Definition
Songs sung at drinking parties
Term
Music and Gymnastics
Definition
What Plato required as government regulated education of boys in the Utopia described in The Republic
Term
Doctrine of Ethos
Definition
Dealt with music's ability to influence character and morals
Term
A specific character or feeling
Definition
What Greeks believed each mode was associated with
Term
Ptolemy
Definition
Stated in his Harmonics the theoretical principles of music and then related them to astronomical features of the cosmos
Term
Tetrachord
Definition
The basis of practical Greek music theory
Term
Mese
Definition
The note at the center of the Greek scale called "a"
Term
Constantine I
Definition
Provided in the Edict of Milan (313) religious toleration and the right to own property to the church
Term
Credo
Definition
What the Nicene Creed was later used as after being adopted by the First Ecumenical Council (325) while they were trying to resolve a doctrinal controversy
Term
Benedict of Nursia
Definition
The most important monastic system at Monte Cassino in the sixth century
Term
Musica Mundana, Musica Humana, Musica Instrumentalis
Definition
The three categories that Boethius classified music into
Term
Pope Gregory I
Definition
Advocated for the standardization and codification of the Roman chants
Term
Troparia, Kontakia, Kanones
Definition
The Three Byzantine hymn types
Term
Direct Psalmody
Definition
When a passage of scripture was recited or chanted by one person in a rendition from beginning to end
Term
Antiphonal Psalmody
Definition
The first half of the psalm verse is chanted by one group of singer and the second half of the verse by another group of singers
Term
Responsorial Psalmody
Definition
The first half of a psalm verse is chanted by a cantor or percentor and the second half of the verse by the congregation
Term
De institutione musica
Definition

The most authorative source on music in the Middle Ages written by Boethius

 

Term
B-flat
Definition
The only chromatic alteration used in Gregorian chant
Term
Centonization
Definition
A process of assembling melodic formulas that many chants indicate were made by
Term
Melismatic
Definition
Singing of several neume per syllable of text
Term
Antiphonal
Definition
Chants in which sections or phrases are sung by alternating choirs
Term
Liber Usualis
Definition
The most important of the liturgical books
Term
Vespers, Matins, and Lauds
Definition
The most important Offices musically
Term
Eucharist
Definition
The name of the commemoration of the Lord's supper by the 2nd century
Term
Introit
Definition
The opening section of the mass that is part of the proper
Term
Kyrie
Definition
The surviving Greek text in the Mass
Term
Jubilus
Definition
The melisma that ends the Alleluia
Term
Sequence
Definition
A trope sung immediately after the Alleluia
Term
Offertory
Definition

Singing introduced by St. Augustine while the bread and wine are brought up

 

Term
The Proper
Definition
Chants of the Mass which change with each service
Term
Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei
Definition
The order of the 5 parts of the Ordinary of the Mass
Term
Antiphon
Definition
A chant sung in alteration with a psalm or canticle
Term
Troping
Definition
The expansion of a chant
Term
A perfect Fourth Below
Definition
Where an authentic modal scale begins on its final, a plagal
Term
Guido d'Arezzo
Definition
Recognized the importance of staff notation to designate definite pitches
Term
Final, range, dominant
Definition
How identification of a mode was made
Term
The Tenor
Definition
In Aquitanian polyphony the voice with the original chant melody, formery called the vox principalis
Term
Organum
Definition
Polyphony used in liturgical music from the late 9th century to c. 1250
Term
Discant
Definition
The style of writing in which a text is set syllabically in note-against-note polyphony
Term
1054
Definition
When the final split between the Eastern and Western Church occurred
Term
Musica enchiriadis
Definition
A treatise on early organum
Term
Duplum
Definition
The organal voice in St. Martial (Aquitanian) organum
Term
Perotin
Definition
Considered the best composer of discant
Term
Leonin
Definition
The best composer of organum
Term
Rhythmic Modes
Definition
One of the most significant contributions of the Parisian (Notre Dame) school of composers
Term
Perfection
Definition
What the theorists called the threefold unit of measure for each rhythmic mode
Term
Johannes de Garlandia
Definition
The first medieval theorist to give a thorough explanation of rhythmic notation
Term
Clausulae
Definition
The polyphonic sections of chant sung in discant style
Term
Magnus liber organi
Definition
Leonin's collection of organa
Term
Organum, discant
Definition
What the composers wrote in the Notre Dame school where the original chant was syllabic and where the chant was melismatic repectively
Term
Substitute Clausulae
Definition
Valuable because of their ability to alter the amount of a time consumed by a service
Term
Organum Purum
Definition
Another name for melismatic organum
Term
Tenor, duplum, triplum, quadruplum
Definition
The order in polyphony of 4 voices from the bottom up
Term
Stimmtausch
Definition
Voice Exchange
Term
Caudae
Definition
Long textless melismas occuring at the end if a conductus
Term
Conductus
Definition
A non-liturgical Latin poem set in discant style and often used for processionals
Term
Motet
Definition
A composition with a pre-existing Latin tenor and one or more voices in the vernacular
Term
Musica ficta
Definition
When a tone is altered to avoid the tritone
Term
Franconian
Definition
Motets where the triplum, duplum, and tenor are distinctive rhythmically and melodically
Term
Petronian
Definition
Motets in which the triplum moves rapidly above a slower duplum and tenor
Term
Cantus Firmus
Definition
A preexistent melody used as a basis for another composition
Term
Sumer is icumen in
Definition
The only six-voice composition prior to the 15th century and the only one to combine rondellus and rota technique
Term
Hildegard Von Bingen
Definition
Wrote the earliest morality play called Ordo virtutum
Term
Trouveres
Definition
Minstrels from northern France, often from aristocratic families
Term
Troubadours
Definition
Sang dawn or morning songs called albas
Term
Bar Form
Definition
What Germanic poet composers preferred to use also called abb (Stollen, Stollen, Abgesang)
Term
Meistersingers
Definition
German citizens who belonged to guilds that regulated and promoted composition and performance of songs
Term
Isorhythmic
Definition
Motets with tenors that reiterated rhythmic schemes combined with repeated melodic patterns
Term
Machaut
Definition
The definitive composer of the French Ars Nova
Term
Cantilena Style
Definition
The practice of moving the soloistic voice to the top supported by tenor and contatenor
Term
7-6-8
Definition
The so-called Landini cadence
Term
Palindromic Construction
Definition
Frequently used by Machaut
Term
La Messe de Nostre Dame
Definition
The earliest unified polyphonic setting of the Ordinary by an identified composer
Term
The Plague, the Hundred Years War, the Great Schism
Definition
The three most important events of the 14 century
Term
Landini
Definition
The greatest Italian composer of the Ars nova
Term
Dunstable and Power
Definition
The two greatest English composers of the early 15th century
Term
Discant
Definition
The English practice of improvising above and below a middle line (meane) to create a series of first inversion chords
Term
Gymel
Definition
A two-voice piece of English music featuring parallel intervals (mostly thirds and sixths)
Term
Caccia
Definition
A good example is Firenze's Tosto che l'alba
Term
Landini
Definition
A pioneer in the composition of the ballata
Term
Talea
Definition
The rhythmic pattern in an isorhythmic tenor
Term
The Fall of Constantinople
Definition
Occurred in 1453 along with the end of th Hundred Years War
Term
Medici
Definition
The family which ruled Florence in the 15th century
Term
Tinctoris
Definition
One of the most important theorists of the 15th century
Term
Binchois
Definition
Ranked after DuFay and Dunstable as the master of 1400-1450
Term
Faux bourdon
Definition
First used by Dufay in a motet
Term
Symbolism
Definition

Used by Dufay in Nuper rosarum flores--Terribilis est locus iste

 

Term
Burgundian Music
Definition
Treble-dominated, three-voice
Term
L'Homme arme
Definition
A popular tune used first by Du Fay and then many others
Term
Basse danse
Definition
The favorite court dance of the 15th century
Term
Contrafactum
Definition
The appropriation of a secular song for sacred use
Term
Busnois
Definition
An important Burgundian composer
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