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Survey of Accounting 4e
Chapter 6 Receivables and Inventories
21
Accounting
Graduate
11/30/2008

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Term
Accounts receivable
Definition
Receivables created by selling merchandise or services on credit.
Term
Aging the receivables
Definition
The process of analyzing the accounts receivable and classifying them according to various age groupings, with the due date being the base point for determining age.
Term
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Definition
The contra asset account for accounts receivable.
Term
Allowance method
Definition
The method of accounting for uncollectible accounts that provides an expense for uncollectible receivables in advance of their write-off.
Term
Average cost method
Definition
The method of inventory costing that is based upon the assumption that costs should be charged against revenue by using the weighted average unit cost of the items sold.
Term
Bad debt expense
Definition
The operating expense incurred because of the failure to collect receivables.
Term
Cost of goods sold
Definition
The cost of the manufactured product sold.
Term
Direct write-off method
Definition
The method of accounting for uncollectible accounts that recognizes the expense only when accounts are judged to be worthless.
Term
Finished goods inventory
Definition
The cost of finished products on hand that have not been sold.
Term
First-in, first-out (fifo) method
Definition
A method of inventory costing based on the assumption that the costs of merchandise sold should be charged against revenue in the order in which the costs were incurred.
Term
Last-in, first-out (lifo) method
Definition
A method of inventory costing based on the assumption that the most recent merchandise inventory costs should be charged against revenue.
Term
Lifo conformity rule
Definition
A financial reporting rule requiring a firm that elects to use lifo inventory valuation for tax purposes to also use lifo for external financial reporting.
Term
Lifo reserve
Definition
A required disclosure for lifo firms, showing the difference between inventory valued under fifo and inventory valued under lifo.
Term
Lower-of-cost-or-market (LCM) method
Definition
A method of valuing inventory that reports the inventory at the lower of its cost or current market value (replacement cost).
Term
Materials inventory
Definition
The cost of materials that have not yet entered into the manufacturing process.
Term
Maturity value
Definition
The amount that is due at the maturity or due date of a note.
Term
Merchandise inventory
Definition
Merchandise on hand (not sold) at the end of an accounting period.
Term
Net realizable value
Definition
For a receivable, the amount of cash expected to be realized in the future. For inventory, the estimated selling price of an item of inventory less any direct costs of disposal, such as sales commissions.
Term
Note receivable
Definition
Written claim against debtors who promise to pay the amount of the note plus interest at an agreed-upon rate.
Term
Receivables
Definition
All money claims against other entities, including people, business firms, and other organizations.
Term
Work in process inventory
Definition
The direct materials costs, the direct labor costs, and the factory overhead costs that have entered into the manufacturing process but are associated with products that have not been finished.
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