Term
| gradual change in the composition of the plant and animal communities in a particular area following disturbance or creation of a new substrate |
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Definition
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Term
| succession on a newly exposed geological substrate; colonization of an area for the first time |
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Definition
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Term
| Name an event that can create suitable conditions for primary succession. |
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Definition
| lava flow, mud slides, retreating glaciers, human activity |
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Term
| The first stage of succession may include ________________. |
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Definition
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Term
| succession following disturbance of a pre-existing community or following climate change |
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Definition
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Term
| Name a disturbance that can cause secondary succession. |
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Definition
| abandonment of agricultural lands, fire, logging, ice storms, disease |
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Term
| What general changes do plants make when they enter an area that was previously uninhabited by them? |
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Definition
- increase in organic debris
- change in light availability
- lowering of water levels
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Term
| the endpoint of succession in the "old school view"; a state of equilibrium |
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Definition
| climax community/static community |
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Term
| True or false. According to the old school view of succession, succession is an orderly and predictable process. |
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Definition
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Term
| factors not having to do with organisms; examples: water levels, weather |
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Definition
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Term
| According to the newer view of succession, communities are in _____________ equilibrium and plants form a patchy community. |
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Definition
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Term
| first layer of plant life formed during primary succession after the retreat of a glacier |
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Definition
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Term
| What kinds of organisms make up the cryptogamic crust? |
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Definition
| lichen, algae, moss, and cyanobacteria |
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Term
| layer of seeds that lie dormant waiting for a chance to germinate |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the first plants to move into abandoned cultivated lands? |
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Definition
| annual and biennial agricultural weeds |
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Term
| plants of different species not in direct competition with one another; communal survival |
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Definition
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Term
| process by which an existing species in a community that makes the environment more suitable for other species or otherwise allows entry of new species into the ecosystem |
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Definition
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Term
| when a species prevents subsequent colonization by other species |
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Definition
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Term
| toxins produced by plants |
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Definition
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Term
| What are other causes of inhibition besides fellow plants? |
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Definition
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Term
What are some of the effects of competition on plants that are not good competitors? |
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Definition
- reduced growth
- reduced reproduction
- decreased survival rate
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Term
| competition within one species, "self thinning" |
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Definition
| intraspecific competition |
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Term
| competition between species |
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Definition
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Term
| a form of asexual reproduction that consists of a sprout growing from the base of a plant |
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Definition
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Term
| chemical inhibition of one species by another species; phytotoxins released into environment to affect growth of neighboring plants |
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Definition
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Term
| phytotoxin that inhibits cellular respiration; induces wilting, chlorosis, and death; found in black walnut trees |
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Definition
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Term
| Name four ways that plants gain an upper hand in competition with one another. |
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Definition
- early establishment (pioneer species)
- increased growth rate
- use of both asexual and sexual reproduction
- allelopathy
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Term
| What kind of climate inhibits sexual reproduction? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 3 effects of allelopathy |
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Definition
- inhibition of root/shoot growth
- inhibition of nutrient uptake
- attack of neighbors' symbiotic organisms
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Term
| exuded by root hairs of sorghum; disrupts mitochondrial functions; inhibits photosynthesis; leaves behind toxins in soil; reduces wheat yield by 25% |
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Definition
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Term
| released by spotted knotwood; prevents oxidization of lipids |
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Definition
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