Term
chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences |
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denial, rationalization, intelelctualization, projection |
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patients state that they do not have a problem with drug use despite evidence to the contrary |
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Definition
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abusers attempt to justify the reasons for their abuse of substances |
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: person focuses only on objective facts as a way of avoiding dealing with unconscious conflicts and the emotions they evoke |
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: shifting blame onto someone/something else |
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_ is a critical sign of withdrawal accompained by _ in the legs or a _ |
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Definition
hypertension, fluid retenention, protuberant abdomen swollen by liver ascites |
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_ and other neurologic signs are significant with withdrawal, may also be associated with nutritional deficits |
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Definition
Anxiety, confusion, irritability, memory loss, tremors, lack of coordination, and other neurologic signs are significant |
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sensitive technology but may be very helpful in monitoring patients for relapse |
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Most commonly abused drug in the United States |
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a primary, chronic disease with psychosocial and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by continuous or periodic impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial |
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concern by the person that there is a problem, apparent to others that there is a problem, grave consequences, evidences of dependenc or tolerance |
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Term
question to ask for "concern" of alcohol screening |
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Definition
have you ever felt that you should cut down on your drinking |
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question to ask for "apparentness" of alcohol screening |
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Definition
have you ever become annoyed by criticisms of your drinking |
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question to ask for "grave" of alcohol screening |
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Definition
have you ever felt guilty about your drinking |
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question to ask for "evidence " of alcohol screening |
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Definition
have you ever had a moring eye opener to get rid of a hangover |
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Simple intoxication from alcohol usually lasts less than _ and is followed by a hangover about _ later |
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Physical addiction occurs when alcohol becomes integrated into physiologic processes at the |
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Involves physiologic and behavioral symptoms that begin when the individual’s blood alcohol level drops |
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Definition
alcohol withdrawal syndrome |
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Term
the most life threatening withdrawal syndrome |
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Definition
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Term
AWS first stage: early withdrawal |
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Definition
symptoms being 6-12 hours after last drink, can last a few days, symptoms include anxiety, agitation, irritability |
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if the pt does not drink during early withdrawl they will experience |
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Definition
tremors, increased BP, pulse, temperature occur alone with sweating, nausea vomiting and diarrhea |
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AWS second stage: major withdrawal |
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Definition
begins with seizures and hallucinations, can advace to life threatening delirium tremens(DTs) |
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DT’s can occur with withdrawal from |
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Definition
barbiturates and benzodiazepines |
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aws second stage occurs about _ without alcohol and can be predictec from |
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Definition
3 days
extreme elevations in temperature, pulse, and blood pressure |
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hallucinations r/t AWS are often |
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Definition
visual and animal in nature |
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Term
complications of Alcoholism |
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Definition
cirrhosis of the liver, pancreatitis, GI bleeds, wernickes encephalopathy, Korsakoff’s psychosis, and fetal alcohol syndrome |
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Term
wernicke's encephalopathy is due to |
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Definition
vitamin b1 (thiamine) deficiency |
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Term
symptoms of wernike's encphalopathy |
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Definition
delirium, confabulation, unsteady gait, apprehension, altered levels of consciousness that can proceed to coma |
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Term
if wernicke's encephalopathy is not properly treated with vitamin supplements _ may develop |
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Definition
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degernation of the cerebrum and the peripheral nervous system |
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Definition
korsakoff's psychosis caused by thiamine and niacin deficiencies |
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symptoms of korsakoff's psychosis |
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Definition
amnesia, confabulation, disorientation, and peripheral neuropathies |
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If woman drinks to excess throughout pregnancy, unborn child at risk for |
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Definition
low birth weight, mental retardation, growth deficiencies, heart defects, facial malformations, learning disabilities, and hyperactivity |
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those who enable alcoholics are |
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Definition
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anxiolytics _ are most often used for alcohol detoxification, but also sedative/hypnotics _ |
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Definition
benzodiazepine – Ativan, Librium, Valium phenobarbital, chloral hydrate |
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Term
used to prevent seizures in rare cases of alcohol detoxification |
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Definition
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inpatient program lasts about |
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Definition
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Term
Nonprofit, worldwide organization of alcoholics who meet anonymously in small groups to assist each other in staying sober. Based on 12 traditions |
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Definition
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) |
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Term
Assists patients to identify triggers of substance use |
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Definition
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Term
medications used to treat alcohol abuse |
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Definition
Disulfiram (Antabuse) Metronidazole (Flagyl) Naltrexone hydrochloride (Revia) antidepressants angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibitors cuch as enalapril maleate(Vasotec) |
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Term
stimulant psychoactive substances |
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Definition
Amphetamines (speed) Cocaine Crack |
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Term
Depressant psychoactive substances |
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Definition
Sedatives Hypnotics Anxiolytics |
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Term
Hallucinogen psychoactive substances |
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Definition
LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide, or “acid”) PCP (phencyclidine, or “angel dust”) MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, known as “ecstasy,” “Molly,” or “Adam”) Marijuana |
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Definition
Heroin Morphine Oxycodone (OxyContin) Hydrocodone Pentazocine (Talwin) Methadone Meperidine (Demerol) |
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Definition
Paint, glue, aerosol sprays, typing correction fluid, and gasoline |
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Synthetic drugs especially designed to sidestep categorization with any of the drugs identified as illegal in the United States |
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examples of desinger drugs |
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Definition
Ecstasy (Adam), Eve, China White |
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Used in the treatmentof heroin addicts |
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risk for sever _ in the event that heroin is injected while heroin is in the system |
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Definition
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A nonopiate antihypertensive drug that partially blocks withdrawal symptoms |
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Definition
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most problematic side effect of methadone |
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Definition
sever constipation and profound sweating |
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Term
An opioid antagonist that counteracts the dangerous respiratory depressant effects of heroin or other opiate overdose |
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Definition
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The controversy over methadone maintenance has resulted in the frequent use of _ as an alternative |
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Problems seen in substance abusers of any kind include |
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Definition
denial, poor impulse control, high risk for injury, high risk for relapse, guilt, and low self-esteem |
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Older adults more likely to abuse |
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Definition
over-the-counter and prescription sleeping pills, pain medications, or tranquilizers |
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Term
Consequences of alcohol abuse in older adults |
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Definition
malnutrition, cirrhosis of the liver, bone thinning, gastritis, poor memory, decreased cognitive ability to process new information |
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Term
If the older adult combines alcohol with any other medication that has central nervous system depressant effects, there is serious danger of |
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Definition
over sedation, impaired responses, or respiratory depression |
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Term
Patients diagnosed with a serious psychiatric illness and have a substance abuse problem |
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Definition
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The dually diagnosed usually have psychiatric illnesses of |
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Definition
depression, schizophrenia, or bipolar illness |
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also included in medical problems identified as presenting special concerns in the event of a concurrent substance abuse problem |
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Definition
Mental retardation and organic brain disease |
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Chronic drug or alcohol abuse may exacerbate an already fragile neurophysiology, producing |
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Definition
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four levels of substance abuse in the child |
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Definition
Experimentation Controlled use Abuse Dependence |
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Term
are common household products and alcohol that can be abused to achieve an altered state of consciousness, or “high” |
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Definition
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examples of gateway substances |
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Definition
Cleaning fluid Glue Lighter fluid Paints Shoe polish |
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Asthmatics children can have a serious reaction due to _ with use of marijuana |
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Definition
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marijuana causes the person eo experience |
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Definition
Loss of inhibitions Euphoria Loss of coordination and direction |
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most commonly used opiates in adolescents |
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heroin users are at risk for |
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clues of children of lacoholics |
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Definition
Refusal to talk about family life Poor grades or overachievement Unusual need to please Fatigue Passive or acting-out behavior Maturity beyond the child’s years |
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diagnosis of addiction is grouped into four categories |
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Definition
impared control social ipairment, risky use pharmacologic crieria |
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Term
Medical community considers drug addiction to be a chronic medical illness, like those with the following characteristics |
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Definition
Incurability A genetic predisposition A potential to be treated effectively only by total abstinence from the substance that the body cannot handle |
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blood alcohol level greater than _ requires treatment for overdose, at conecentrations greater than _ death is likely |
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Definition
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legal intoxication definitis vary from state to state but are commonly determined when a person's blood alcohol level is greater than |
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Definition
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drugs that are most likely to identifined thrugh urine drug screening |
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Definition
amphetamines, barbiturate, benzodiazepines, cocaine, opiates, marijuana, phencyclidin, lysergic acid diethylamid, apioid analgesics, sedatics and stimulants |
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Term
_ are monitored for liver function |
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Definition
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if the patient progresses to korsakoff psychosis _ is permanent |
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Definition
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patients must wait _ after discontinuing opioids before starting _ |
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Definition
7 to 10 days naltrexion (revia, depade) |
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do not use alcohol to cleanse injection sites if the patient is taking _ |
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Definition
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given IV for the treatment of overdose or disulfiram-alcohol reaction |
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Definition
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pt needs to wait _ after last drink before receiving first dose of antabuse |
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Definition
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disulfiram-alcohol reaction s&s |
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Definition
flushing, headaches, nausea, sever vomiting, dizziness, confusion, hypotension leading to coma, convulsions or deaths |
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Term
side effects of naltrexone |
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Definition
nausea, headache, constipation, dizziness, nervousness, insomina, drowsiness, or anxiety |
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Term
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Definition
coffee, tea leaves, kola nuts and cocoa beans |
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Term
withdrawl symptoms from coffeine include |
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Definition
headache, fatigue, anxiety, irritability, depressed mood, difficulty concentration |
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Term
not physcially addecting but can produc pysical symptoms of alter perceptions that are dreamlike, often with an altered sense of time and feeligns that one has attained special insight |
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Definition
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chronic lognterm reactions of LSD include |
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Definition
psychosis, deprresion, paranoia, flashbacks |
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the person taking PCp may possess |
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Definition
enormous strength and feel no pain |
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differs form other hallucinogens in that users experience a psychotic stat similar to that observed in schizophrenics |
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Definition
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Term
prodcuts are usually inahled after bing placed in a plastic bag or other container that is placed over the nose and mouth |
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Definition
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symptoms of individuals under the influence of inhalants |
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Definition
nosebleeds, bloodshot eyes, infected lesions around the nose and mouth,s evere diorientation or unconsciousness |
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Term
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Definition
progressive brain damage, asphyxiation, seizures, depressed bone marrow leading to aplastic anemia, liver or kidney damage or cardiac dysrhythmias |
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Term
a highly addictive opioid that produces euphoria on IV use |
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Definition
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heroin withdrawal usually occurs _ after use |
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Definition
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risks of chronic use of heroin |
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Definition
overdose, malnutrition, respiratory arrest, hepatitis b&c, HIV infections |
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Term
symptoms of heroin withdrawal include |
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Definition
tearing of the eyes, runny nose, goosefless, sweating, alternating fever and chills, muscle joint and pain, upset stomach, diarrhea, loss of papetite, restlessness, irritability |
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Term
drugs that are generally obtained by prescription for anxiety or insomnia or are perchased illegally |
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Definition
sedatives, hypnotics, aniolytics |
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symtpms of overdose ofurate w sedatives, hypnotics an aniolytics |
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Definition
oversedation, resp depression, impaired coordination, brain damage |
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Term
barbiturat overdose induces a |
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Definition
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very psychologically addictive, dose is gradually increased over time to prdocue the euphoria that is extremely pleasurable |
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Definition
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symptoms of amphetamine use |
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Definition
hyperactivity, irritability, combativeness, paranoia after extended use |
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Term
long term use of methamphetamin may lead to symptoms such as |
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Definition
insomnia, major mood swings, delusional behavior, extreme paranoia, repeated infection, missing and rotted teeth (meth mouth) skin sores and heart attack or stroke |
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Term
large doses of methamphetamin can result in |
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Definition
agitation, ches pain, heart attack, difficulty breathing, kidney damage or failure, paranoia, seizures and cardia arrest or coma |
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Term
highly addictive alkaloid of the plant erythroxylum coca, whcihc grows mainly in peru and bolivia |
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Definition
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cocaine lasts about _ however reamins in the brain for about _ after use |
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Definition
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symptoms of chronic cocain inhalation are |
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Definition
runny nose, sniffles, freqent colds, weight loss, hyperactivity and damage to the nasal mucosa or septum |
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Term
physical effects of cocaine |
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Definition
constricts bloood vessels, dilates pupils, increases body temp, heart rate and blood pressure and causes headaches, abdominal pain and nausea and decreased appetite |
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Term
antideprressants that help with impairment of the patients ability to experience pleasure |
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Definition
antideprssants such as bupropionn, beta blockers such as propranolol hydrocloride or calcium channel blockers |
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Term
an example of a synthetic type of heroin that acts in much the same way as heroin |
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Definition
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synthetic marijuana can cause users to experience |
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Definition
catatonia, hypertension, seizures, anxiety, paranoia, hallucinations |
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Term
"cravings" may stimulate feelings of |
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Definition
restellessness, itching, hives, flushing and elevated BP |
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Term
one drug used in treatment of heroin |
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Definition
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