Term
| One Explanation for the rugged silhouette of the many of Gaudi's buildings is the influence of what spiritual landmark? |
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Definition
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Term
| Major Difference between Horta's designs and Guimard's was |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What two structural elements unique to his time did Gaudi employ in many of his buildings? |
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Definition
A. Parabolic Arches
B. Inclined columns |
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Term
| The author of Entretiens of 1863, which argues for a return to regional building and quoted Gothic architecture as the model of a structurally rational style was: |
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Definition
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Term
| Hector Guimard is best known for the design of the |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Why did Gaudi incline his columns? |
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Definition
| To mimic violette and minimize thrust |
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Term
| The other major Belgian Art Nouveau architect besides Horta was |
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Definition
|
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Term
| List two of Violett-le-Duc's major ideas that were very influential during the 1880s an 1980s. |
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Definition
A. Form derived from nature
B. Structural Rationalism |
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Term
| The trademark formal element of Art Nouveau was the |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What theoretician was very influential on the work of Victor Horta |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Describe Gaudi's technique of structural analysis and design |
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Definition
| he used wires and weights then reflected the shape vertically to determine the shape of the building |
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Term
| The Belgian Art Nouveau architect who eventually moved to Berlin was |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The German equivalent of Art Nouveau was called |
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Definition
|
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Term
| List three architectural movements in the 19th Century the we have studied this quarter that were manifestations of the rise of nationalism |
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Definition
Art Nouveau
Austrian Secessionism
Arts and Crafts |
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Term
| The Paris Subway stations were designed by |
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Definition
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Term
| The difference between Horta's curvilinear lines and those of van de Velde was |
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Definition
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Term
| The best explanation for the inspiration of the exterior form of Sagrada Gamilia is |
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Definition
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Term
| The theoretician who had the greatest influence on the development of Art Nouveau architecture was |
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Definition
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Term
| Gaudi's patron in Barcelona was |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Victor Horta is know for what style of architecture? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| A distinguishing motif of Art Nouveau was the |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The arches used by Gaudi had a______ profile |
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Definition
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Term
| Art Nouveau architecture originated in what country |
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Definition
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Term
| The architect know for his wire and fishing weight models usd to determine the structure of his buildings was |
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Definition
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Term
| What project by Mackintosh exhibited at the Secession had a profound influence on these designers? |
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Definition
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Term
| The nickname given to the group of four designers centered around mackintosh because of the colors and forms the used was the |
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Definition
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Term
| Margaret McDonald's signature motif was the |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The city that was the center of German applied arts and the home of the Ernst Ludwig school of art was |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What influence did Glasgow have on Mackintosh's design approach? |
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Definition
| Center of ship Building and luxury liners in Europe it promoted efficient spatial design and technological integration in Mack's projects |
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Term
| The architect of the Secession building was |
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Definition
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Term
| The winner of the competition for the Vienna subway system was |
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Definition
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Term
| What two geometric shapes are prevalent in Mackintosh's symbolism? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Describe Mackintosh's approach to the design of interior spaces: |
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Definition
| studied function of space then built subspaces around functions and let that influence the exterior not vice versa |
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Term
| Compare Hoffmann's approach in design of surface and volume with that of Wright's: |
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Definition
Hoffman emphasized the corner
Wright deemphasized the corners and wrapped around them |
|
|
Term
| List 3 Differences between the exterior of a ZVoyset house and that of a Mackintosh house |
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Definition
V-white stucco M-gray stucco
V-trim around windows M-No trim
V-Roof dominant M-Walls dominant |
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Term
| What city did Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig try to make into a German "Athens"? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Name the firm that Joseph Hoffmann helped to start that produced high quality objects and furnishings for houses |
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Definition
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Term
| ______was the father figure of the secessionists |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the painter who collaborate with Olbrich in the design of the Secession Building was |
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Definition
|
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Term
| "I am particularly interested in the square as such and in the use of black and white as dominant colors, because these clear elements have never appeared in earlier styles," is a quote by |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The Secessionists were located in what city? |
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Definition
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Term
| The two people responsible for the design of the Secession Building were: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Charles Rennie Mackintosh had a connection with which continental European Art movement? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The elecational treatment used in the entrance facade of Grundtvig church is best describes as________. Where did this form originate in Denmark? |
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Definition
Stepped Gable
In the traditional dutch building techniques |
|
|
Term
| What device is used in the Stockholm City Hall to link it with the adjacent lake? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| List 2 precedents for Saarinen's final design of the main entry in the Helsinki Railroad Station |
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Definition
A. Ernst Ludwig House
B. Sullivan's Golden Door |
|
|
Term
| The Kallio Church was Designed by |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the elevational treatment Saarinen typically used in the towers of his Finnish buildings: |
|
Definition
| Holding the corners and continuous vertical in center |
|
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Term
| The building typically credited with the start of the National Romantic movement in Scandinavia is |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The Tampere Cathedral was designed by |
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Definition
|
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Term
| "The arrangement of a vertical force against a contrasting and balancing horizontal volume" best describes the compositional theory employed by |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The movement in Scandinavia at the turn of the century that was a genuine attempt to interpret the indigenous tradition of each of the respective countries is referred to as |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| List two reasons why Saarinen preferred to incorporate a vertical element in the massing of his buildings: |
|
Definition
A. Create a landmark
B. control the sprawling form/pin the building to site
C. Balance and offset the horizontal elements |
|
|
Term
| The style the evolved in Finland to express and preserve the indigenous culture in the face of increasing pressure by the czar to 'russify' Finland was |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Saarinen's favorite interior color was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The typical Saarinen formal composition incorporated a _______ element to_____ |
|
Definition
| tower/vertical element to balance horizontals and anchor it into the landscape |
|
|
Term
| ________is the name of residential compound of Gesellius, Lindgren, and Saarinen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "Hvittrask" was the name given to the residential complex of |
|
Definition
| Gesellius, Lindgren, and Saarinen |
|
|
Term
| What two things were necessar to be developed in the late 18th early 19th centuries to enable the evolution of modern concrete structures? |
|
Definition
A. Metal Reinforcing
B. Portland Cement |
|
|
Term
| List 3 reasons why Larson considers reinforced concrete, and not iron, to have been the material more responsible for the development of modern architecture: |
|
Definition
A. No precedent
B. no inherent shape
C. Doesn't need fireproofing
D. Structurally rational |
|
|
Term
| Ernest Ransome's concrete framed factories bore a stunning resemblance to those designed at the same time by what French pioneer in concrete? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The first important French contractor of reinforced concrete prior to the Franco-Prussian War was: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The architect chosen by Henry Ford to design his factories in Detroit was |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What economic advantage did the Hennebique system enjoy in Paris? |
|
Definition
| thinner floor slab=more space (1 more floor per building) |
|
|
Term
| What was the secret of Roman cement that was rediscovered in the 19th century? |
|
Definition
| A Hydraulic nature, drys w/o air |
|
|
Term
| the French rationalist tradition, started by Soufflot, and best represented by the work of Perret, was a quest to synthesize the ideas of what two historic styles? |
|
Definition
A. Neo-classicism (ornament)
B. Gothic (structional rationalism) |
|
|
Term
| What other theoretician, besides Viollet-le-Duc influenced the work of Perret? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 theoreticians influenced the work of Perret? |
|
Definition
| Viollett-le-Dec and Soufflot |
|
|
Term
| The Architect responsible for the early use of reinforced concrete structures in the design of the first automobile factories in Detroit was |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The first skyscraper constructed with a reinforced concrete frame was the |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The Swiss engineer famous for his graceful, shallow arched , three-hinged concrete bridges was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Portland Cement was first invented in which country? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The demise of terra-cotta fireproofing that led to the universal acceptance of reinforced concrete was a result of |
|
Definition
| San Francisco Earthquake, 1906 |
|
|
Term
| In which country was the principle of reinforcing concrete first developed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What advantage did reinforced concrete enjoy over iron from the viewpoint of structural rationalists? |
|
Definition
| Structure is more rational so it can be exposed without any problems. It didn't need any covering |
|
|
Term
| Which French engineer built an international concrete company after the Franco-Prussian War? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the name of Tony Garnier's socialist utopian city which employed concrete housing and solar power? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is generally regarded as the first American reinforced concrete building? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the four types of construction that Semper use to order The Four Elements of Architecture |
|
Definition
1. Fired
2. Layered
3. Carpentry
4. Woven |
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|
Term
| What past style did Semper champion as being capable of further development? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the precedent for the Brandenburg Gate? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The first theoretician to speculate about the woven qualities of the primitive curtain wall was |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The German artist usuall credited as having coined the term "gesamtkunstwerk" is |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The Wasmuth Volumes documented the early work of |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The term, raumplan, was devised by______ to describe his interiors which incorporated interpenetrations of spaces. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The Steiner House was designed by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Steiner House was designed by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an individual artist's ability to generate form |
|
|
Term
| The German term for an individual "imposing one's artistic will" upon a design problem is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The German architectural writer who mythologized the English Arts and Crafts house at the turn of the century was |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Gropius was responsible for the design of what building at the 1914 Cologne Exhibition? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 2 leading designers that were placed in charge of a major German school of design prior to WWI |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Loos' major criticism of the Deutscher Werkbund was that it |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Deutscher Werkbund chose _______ to design the modle factory for its 1914 Cologne exhibition. The final design was influenced by what Wright building?____ |
|
Definition
Gropius and Meyer
Mason City Bank |
|
|
Term
| Peter Behrens was hired by ____ to redesign its corporate image. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The author of "Ornament and Crime" was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AEG of Germany hired________ to redesign its entire image, production, and buildings. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| One of the three founders of the Deutscher Werkbund was |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Gropius was responsible for what building at the 1914 Deutscher Werkbund Exhibition? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Das Englische Haus was written by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was Loos' opinion of Gesamtkunstwerk? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the primary difference in intention between a Kahn-designed factory and a Behrens-designed AEG factory? |
|
Definition
| Behrens used it as art whereas Kahn used it as just a building |
|
|
Term
| The ________ was founded to encourage the improvement of machine production in Germany |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Behrens was greatly influenced by which philosopher? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Herman Muthesius used which type of building as the model for Germany to emulate in order to improve its building design? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can one view the design of the Fagus factory as an inverse of the AEG turbine factory? |
|
Definition
The fagus factory pulled in columns
AEG factory pushed out columns |
|
|
Term
| What was Loos' criticism of Behren's designs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adolf Loos' major written treatise on architecture was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Fagus Works was designed by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The German architectural theorist who noted the inferior quality of German manufactured goods at the 1851 World's Fair was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what three shapes did Cezanne say that nature revelas itself? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Futurist Manifesto was written by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List 2 factors which occurred prior to 1860 that influenced the evolution towards abstraction on modern painting: |
|
Definition
a. Japanese Prints
b. New Technologies |
|
|
Term
| The primary objective of Cubist painting was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 3 shapes did Cubists painters employ in their paintings? |
|
Definition
| circles, squares, and triangles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ________ Is the name given to a group of radical Italian designers who were prominent just prior to the start of WWI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Futurist movement was centered in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was one of the compositional goals of Cubist paintings? |
|
Definition
| various viewpoints, implies motion |
|
|
Term
| The architect of the Centennial Hall in Breslau was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe Hugo Harings design methodology as manifested in the Gut Garkau cowshed: |
|
Definition
| architecture as an organic form |
|
|
Term
| ______ designed the Weimar government's new research tower for Einstein |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ designed the first Goetheanum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List 3 buildings at the Werkbund's 1914 Cologne exhibition that represented the three main movements in German architecture prior to the start of WW1 |
|
Definition
1. Model Theater (dynamism)
2. Glass Pavilion (crystalism)
3. Model Factory (objectivism) |
|
|
Term
| The architect of Luckenwalde Hat Factory and Dyeworks was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Did Mies extrude the lotlines of the site in both of his glass skyscraper proposals? Why? |
|
Definition
| No he understood the need for reflection |
|
|
Term
| The designer of the German Glass Industr Pavilion at the 1914 Deutscher Werkbund exhibition was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Give an example of a different German Expressionist architect who designed in each of the following materials:
1. glass
2. brick
3. dynamism (concrete) |
|
Definition
1.Taut
2. Hoger
3. Poelzig or Mendelsohn |
|
|
Term
| Why was the cathedral viewed as the ideal historic building type for the German Expressionists? |
|
Definition
| It was a total work of art. All disciplines or art were working together. |
|
|
Term
| ___________ was the major building project that focused the energies of German expressionists immediately following the end of WWI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Chilehaus in Hamburg was designed by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The author of "Glass Architecture" was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Cathedral of Socialism was the ultimate goal of what movement? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Grosses Schauspielhaus in Berlin was designed by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the 'Crystal Chain'? |
|
Definition
| an avangard group of underground expressionalist in Germany |
|
|
Term
| The first Expressionist glass skyscraper was designed by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Concerning the Spiritual in Art was written by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anthroposophy was founded by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sketch the typical elevational/massing scheme for an Art Deco Skyscraper: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The traditional atrium in the 19th century skyscrapers was quickly replaced by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List 3 influences on the Art Deco skyscraper that came from Europe: |
|
Definition
1. Saarinen's tower
2. NYC zoning codes
3. Paris World's Fair
4. German Expressionist |
|
|
Term
| The second-place winner of the Chicago Tribune competition was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What World's Fair (date and city) played a pivotal role in the development of Art Deco in the US? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What building project finally forced NY to initiate proceedings toward a zoning code that would limit the size of skyscrapers: |
|
Definition
| Equitable Life Insurance Building, 1915 |
|
|
Term
| The conte crayon renderings of the design potential of the 1916 NY zoning code were drawn by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Autobiography of an Idea was written by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first Neo Gothic skyscraper to break the stranglehold of neo-classicism in NYC was the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List 2 precedents for the ornament used on the Art Deco skyscraper |
|
Definition
a. german expressionism
b. chicago school |
|
|
Term
| List 2 precedents for the massing of the Art Deco skyscraper: |
|
Definition
a. Saarinen's Chicago Tribune Entry
b. NYC zoning codse of 1916 |
|
|
Term
| _______designed the Nebraska state Capitol |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______designed the Singer Building, the first U.S. building to break the 600' mark. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The style of the Woolworth Building in NYC designed by Cass Gilbert can best be described as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The building that forced NYC to enact a zoning code in 1916 was designed by |
|
Definition
| Graham (built the Equitable Life Insurance Building) |
|
|
Term
| Ernest Flagg's design of the Singer Building in New York can best be described as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Chicago Tribune competition was won by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The European City that was the inspiration for Wiley Corbet's and Hugh Ferris' multi-level city studies was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True or False: Art Deco was based on rejecting contemporary technology and using the vocab of traditional architecture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wright would later state that he was influenced by ______ in the design of his Californian "knit-block" houses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wright designed 2 highrise projects in the 1920s. They are: |
|
Definition
| St. Mark's in the Bowrie and National Life Insurance Building |
|
|
Term
| ________ designed the First Church, Christ the Scientist in Berkeley. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe how Wright achieved a 2 story living area in the apartments in his proposed tower for St. Marks in the Bowrie: |
|
Definition
| Floors are cantilevered off main core |
|
|
Term
| Describe how Wright achieved a 2 story living area in the apartments in his proposed tower for St. Marks in the Bowrie: |
|
Definition
| Floors are cantilevered off main core |
|
|
Term
| ________ is noted as the first american architect to completely eschew the use of all ornament in his designs in favor of an asymmetrical massing of rectilinear forms with smooth, white washed walls with frameless windows |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is best known for his eclecticism, being able to synthesize a diverse collection of stylistic elements with the technology of the day, including such off-the-shelf materials as industrial metal sash and sheet asbestos panels. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The term that best describes the style of buildings designed by Maybeck is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The type of California house that influenced the work of Greene and Greene was known as the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe "Knit-block" construction: |
|
Definition
| modular system of patterned concrete blocks w rebar reinforcing |
|
|
Term
| one of the major differences between the houses designed by Wright and those designed by Greene and Greene was that Wright used)________ roofs while Greene and Greene used ______ roofs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "There is something very restful and satisfying to my mind in the simple cube house with creamy walls, sheer and plain, rising boldly into the sky, unrelieved by cornices or overhang of roof," is a quote by ________ which describes his inner feelings of his residential designs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List 3 precautions Wright designed into the Imperial Hotel in anticipation of seismic action. |
|
Definition
| Friction Piles; Walls are tapered;and the connections are as flexible as possible |
|
|
Term
| The architect recognize as the master of the early California bungalow in which sensuously-detailed wood construction and deep overhanging balconies were used was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is the name of Wrights compound in Spring Green |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The architect of the Rusakov Workers Club was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 2 Avant-garde art movements which emerged in Russia just prior to the Russian revolution and the respective leader of each |
|
Definition
A. Suprematism-Malevich
B. Constructivism-Tatlin |
|
|
Term
| Name the 2 avant-garde architecture movements which emerged in Russia during the leadership of Lenin and an architect from each: |
|
Definition
A. Rationalists-Malevich
B.Constructivists-Vesnin Bros. |
|
|
Term
| The spiraling design for the proposed Monument to the Third International was conceived by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ was the design school in Communist Russia that preceeded the Bauhaus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Constructivist architecture was primarily a product of this country: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name a Russian Suprematist painter: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "Prouns" ideograms with a Utopian content, were conceived by |
|
Definition
|
|
