Term
|
Definition
| dilate coronary arteries and improve blood flow as well as decrease need for oxygen by myocardium |
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Term
|
Definition
| nitroglycerin, hydralazine, nitrates |
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|
Term
| do vasodilators help during exercise? |
|
Definition
| few reports of aid but may increase in peak activity in acute doses |
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Term
|
Definition
| decrease blood's ability to clot and keeps clots from getting worse |
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|
Term
| examples of anticoagulants |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| anticoagulants effect on exercise |
|
Definition
| physical activity requires higher dosage but reduces risk for hemorragic events |
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Term
|
Definition
| improve vasodilator activity and reduce blood pressure by limiting calcium flow into smooth muscle cells by interfering with calcium channels in cell membrane |
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|
Term
| Calcium channel blockers effect on exercise |
|
Definition
| improve exercise tolerance in patients with angina |
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Term
|
Definition
| lower vasoconstriction by decreasing levels of angiotensin II in the body |
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|
Term
| ACE inhibitor effect on exercise |
|
Definition
| improvement in blood pressure, may have diuretic effect by causing frequent urination |
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|
Term
| Cholesterol lowering medication |
|
Definition
| lowers cholesterol levels while reducing fatty acids and triglycerides |
|
|
Term
| Angiotensis II receptor blockers |
|
Definition
| interception of angiotensin II preventing vasoconstriction |
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|
Term
| Angiotensis II effect on exercise |
|
Definition
| same effect as diuretics, decreases blood pressure |
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Term
|
Definition
| usually suppress sodium and water reabsorption |
|
|
Term
| diuretic effect on exercise |
|
Definition
| dehydration side effects, can reduce blood volume which raises HR |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| prevent binding of chemicals in blood that increase sympathetic stimulation |
|
|
Term
| beta blockers effect on exercise |
|
Definition
| may cause fatigue earlier, may never let HR rise to max |
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Term
|
Definition
| functional changes related or from a disease or injury. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| how the disease originates or forms; goes hand in hand with progression of disease |
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Term
|
Definition
| based off of extent of cardiac disease and how you treat or manage the disease |
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Term
|
Definition
| blood vessels and nutrients from your heart to the rest of your body become thick and stiff |
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Term
|
Definition
| special type of srteriosclerosis; refers to build up of fats and cholesterol and other substance on artery walls |
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Term
|
Definition
| narrowing or blockage of arteries and vessels caused by atherosclerosis; is from an accumulation of fatty materials on the inner lining of arteries |
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|
Term
| what is leading cause of death in US |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| myocardial infarction (heart attack) |
|
Definition
| heart is deprived of oxygen and nutrient rich blood ischemia sets in and if it lasts too long the heart tissue begins to die |
|
|
Term
| symptoms of myocardial infarction |
|
Definition
| shortness of breath, dizziness, faintness, or nausea; can be mistaken as heartburn |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| insufficient supply of blood to organs or tissues usually due to a blocked artery; usually condition of Coronary artery disease; causes angina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| higher risk of heart attack with no warning, caused by emotional or mental stress or with exertion but there is no symptoms |
|
|
Term
| peripheral artery disease |
|
Definition
| common problem with circulation where blood flow to limbs is reduced |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| blood moves through body and heart slower while heart rate raises to normal rates which causes weakening in heart muscles and not pumping blood properly |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| required to reach increased workload little by little on either a bike or treadmill to better evaluate coronary ischemia |
|
|
Term
| pharmacologic stress testing |
|
Definition
| used for patients that can't exercise; given meds to induce cardiac stress to better evaluate their condition |
|
|
Term
| myocardial perfusion imaging |
|
Definition
| used on people with chest pain, eletrocardiogram is used when no sign of ischemia, if perfusion is detected then there is ischemic myocardium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| images taken of heart by using echocardiograph, would look for abnormalities in walls |
|
|
Term
| cardiac computed tomography scanning |
|
Definition
| aids in finding calcium deposits in arteriosclerotic coronary plaques, lets us know how dense or to what extent calcifications are on artery walls |
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