Term
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Definition
| Brief interruption in cerebral blood flow |
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Term
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Definition
| Generally in 30-60 minutes |
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Term
| Focus of care for PT with TIA |
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Definition
Decreasing BP, adjusting drugs.
Aspirin/antiplatelets (bleed risk)
Controlling BG levels (100-180)
Promoting lifestyle changes |
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Term
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Definition
interruption of perfusion to any part of the brain.
Medical emergency |
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by blockage of cerebral artery by either a thrombus or embolus. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Thrombolytic stroke associated with |
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Definition
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Term
| Thrombolytic stroke patho |
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Definition
| Fatty plaques accumulate on artery walls, rupture, which promotes clot formation. When clot is large enough blood flow is blocked |
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Term
| Common location of thrombolytic stroke |
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Definition
| Bifurcation of common carotid artery with vertebral arteries |
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Term
| Onset of thrombolytic stroke |
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Definition
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Term
| Embolic stroke common site |
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Definition
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Term
| Embolic stroke sxs resolve.... |
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Definition
over several hours/days.
Clot may break into smaller segments and be absorbed. |
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Term
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Definition
| Vessel integrity is interrupted = bleeding in brain |
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Term
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) caused by |
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Definition
| Usually caused by a ruptured aneurysm or arteriovenus malformation (AVM) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal ballooning or blister along an artery. Develops in weak spot |
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Term
| AVM Arteriovenus malformation |
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Definition
Abnormality that occurs during embryonic development. Tangled collection of malformed, thin walled, dilated vessels without a capillary network.
More pressure. Rupture easily. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sudden periodic constriction of cerebral artery. Reduces perfusion |
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Term
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage most commonly report |
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Definition
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Term
| Most important item to assess after stroke |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Sudden confusion, trouble speaking, understanding others.
Sudden numbness or weakness of face or arms and legs.
Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes.
Sudden dizziness, trouble walking or loss of ballance or coordination.
Sudden severe HA without a known cause. |
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Term
| Right hemisphere involved wiht |
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Definition
| visual, spatial awareness and proprioception |
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Term
| Left hemisphere involved with |
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Definition
| Language, math skills and analytic thinking |
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Term
| Right hemisphere stroke sx |
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Definition
Unaware of defecits
Disoriented to time/place
Poor impulse control, poor judgement. |
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Term
| Left hemisphere stroke sx |
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Definition
Aphagia
Alexia or dyslexia
Acalculia |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lack of language comprehension |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Inability to perform math calculations |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inability to perform learned tasks |
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Term
| Unilateral body neglect syndrome |
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Definition
Unaware of existence of paralyzed side of body.
May eat from one side of the plate. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Temporary loss of vision in one or both eyes |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inability to identify objects or people |
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Term
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Definition
| Blindness in 1/2 of the visual field. Results from damage to the optic tract or occipital lobe |
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Term
|
Definition
Blindess in the same side of both eyes
Must turn head to scan complete visual field |
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Term
| Nystagmus is seen in PTS with |
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Definition
| Brainstem or cerebellar damage |
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Term
| Emotional lability seen in PTS with |
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Definition
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Term
| Labs elevated with stroke |
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Definition
HMG/HCT
WBC (stress or infection)
Cardiac enzymes |
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Term
| Most important test for dx |
|
Definition
brain imaging.
CT without contrast |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ischemic brain injury earlier than CT |
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Term
| Planning for ischemic stroke |
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Definition
Start 2 IVs with non dextrose NS
Supine position with low bed elevation (maximize perfusion)
Treat/assess for increased ICP
Administer fibrolytic |
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Term
|
Definition
| Activates plasminogen to degrade clot increasing blood flow to brain. |
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Term
| Dosage for fibrinolytic tx |
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Definition
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Term
| Fibrinolytic tx is not for |
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Definition
>80 yrs
INR < 1.7
Health stroke scale > 25
Hx of both stroke and DM |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Intra-arterial thrombolys |
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Definition
| Delivers agent directly to clot |
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Term
| Carotid artery angioplasty with stenting |
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Definition
Used to prevent and manage ischemic stroke
Radiology procedure performed under moderate sedation |
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Term
|
Definition
| Complication of endovascular treatments. |
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Term
|
Definition
| HTN, seizure, focal neurological defecits. |
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Term
| Hyperfusion syndrome is associated with |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Hyperfusion syndrome may occur..... |
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Definition
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Term
| Highest risk for increased ICP from edema ?? hours after stroke.... |
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Definition
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Term
| HOB elevation for stroke pts |
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Definition
<25 increased perfusion to damaged brain
>30 degrees will increase o2 and decrease aspiration risk |
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Term
|
Definition
| Midline-neutral to help promote Venus drainage from brain. |
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Term
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Definition
Sudden acute neck or hip flexion during positioning.
Clustering nursing procedures
Noisy environment |
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Term
| What to monitor for with PTS with AVM/aneurysm |
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Definition
Vasospasm
Hydrocephalus
Cerebral edema
Rebleeding is common
Hyper/Hypoglycemia are associated with a new brain bleed. |
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Term
| Interventions for maintaining mobility |
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Definition
Rehab ASAP
DVT/PE risk - teach care |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Damage to frontal lobe causes an understanding but lack of ability to communicate. May be able to write |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Temporal/parietal damage cause a lack of understanding of spoken/written language. Can talk but neoloism’s common. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Communication tips for stroke pts |
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Definition
One idea or thought in a sentence
Use one step commands
Speak slowly, not loudly and use gestures
Alternate methods of communication may be needed. |
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Term
| Sensory changes for RH stroke |
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Definition
Difficulty with depth and distance perception
Difficulty discriminating left/right and up and down |
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Term
| How to assist RH stroke with sensory perception changes? |
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Definition
Approach from unaffected side.
Assist with ADL’s, remove clutter from floor.
Mirrors will help visualize more field |
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Term
| LH stroke sensory changes: |
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Definition
memory problems
Apraxia
Shows slow/cautious behaviors |
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Term
| How to assist LH stroke PT with sensory changes |
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Definition
Reorient
Routine
Step by step instructions |
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Term
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Definition
| Inability to perform previously learned skills |
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Term
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Definition
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