Term
| What are the three structural changes found in General Adaptive Syndrome [a non-specific response to a variety of stessers] |
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Definition
Shruken THYMUS
Enlarged ADRENALS
Gastric Ulcers |
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Term
| What are the stages of GAS? |
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Definition
1. ALARM Reaction
2. Stage of RESISTANE
3. Stage of EXHAUSTION...death. |
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Term
| According to Lazarus' concept of stress, you identify something as stressful then you classify it as either ____, _____ or _____. |
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Definition
| Benign, challenging or threatening. |
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Term
| Stressors appraised as Benign result in ____ toned emotions while stressful results in ____ toned emotions. |
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Definition
| benign=positive, stressful=negative. |
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Term
| What are the four Perameters of Stress? |
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Definition
Frequency
Duration
Intensity
Relevance (does the stimuli have meaning to the individual?) |
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Term
| What is a stress carrier? |
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Definition
| A person who is NOT stressed themselves but evokes stress in others. |
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Term
Stress elicits responses in WHAT 4 domains?
CABP |
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Definition
Cognitive
Affective (ANXIETY is the same thing)
Behavioral
Physiological |
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Term
| What are the 7 behavioral stress responses? |
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Definition
1. Changes in habits
2. Ritualized behavior
3. Asking for help
4. Self medicating
5. Use of drugs/alcohol
6. Speeded up/slowed down behavior
7. Withdrawing/isolation |
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Term
| What are the responses to COGNITIVE stress? |
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Definition
1. Low levels increase memory
2. High levels cause memory deficit
3. Difficulty focusing attention
4. bad problem solving
5. MISATTRIBUTION OF STIMULI AS THREATENING eg heat causes riots
6. perception of LOSS OF CONTROL. |
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Term
| What influences a person's responses to Affective Stress? |
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Definition
| genetics, physiology and external env. |
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Term
| What are the two Physiological stress responses? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the effects of Cortisol from the adrenal cortex (HPA axis) on the immune response? |
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Definition
| Decreases monocytes/macrophages, kinins/pg's/histamines, eosinophils and lymphocytes 2nd to ATROPHY OF LYMPH TISSUE |
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Term
| What is the response of CRH on the posterior pituitary? |
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Definition
| Causes release of VASOPRESSIN and increases BP and water retention. |
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Term
| What are the three factors that contribute to a person's Stress Response path to a perceived stimulus? What are the two pathways? |
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Definition
Coping Patterns
Early Experience
Genetics!
Threat to control (amydala) OR Loss of control (hippocampus/septum) |
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Term
| What are the two hormonal patterns of expression according to Henry and Ely? |
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Definition
--Threat to Control (Amygdala/behavioral arousal/CHALLENGE to status)-->Basal-->Agression-->Anger Control OR Subnuclei-->Mobility display-->Striving Anxiety
--Loss of Control (Hippocampus/septum)-->defeat reaction-->HPA axis-->Depression/closed down |
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Term
| Can the immune cells interact with the endocrine system? |
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Definition
| YES, they regulate each other... |
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Term
| Which Antibodies does Cortisol suppress? |
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Definition
| IgM and IgE (remember ME?!) |
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Term
| Large amounts of Cortisol promotes atrophy of lymphoid tissue in the ____, ____ and _____ . |
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Definition
| Thymus, spleen and lymph nodes. |
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Term
| What type of circulated WBC's are reduced by Cortisol? |
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Definition
| Eosinophils, lymphocytes and macrophages. |
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Term
| What other immune suppression actions does Cortisol have? |
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Definition
| ↓ IL-1,↓ IL-2 --> ↓ T-Cells--> ↓ B-cells |
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Term
| Modifications of the Inflammatory Response: |
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Definition
1. ↓ lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, eosinophils
2. ↓ neutrophil efficacy
3. Ihi accumulation of leukocytes at site of inflammation
4. Ihi release KININS/PaF/Pg's, HIST
5. Ihi FIBROBLAST prliferation ↑ risk of infection and ihi wound healing. |
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