Term
|
Definition
maintaining a stable environment
examples:
-water balance
-weight
-blood glucose
-temp |
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Term
| General Adaptation Syndrome |
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Definition
"generalized stress response"
*the bodies responding to stress throught hormones*
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Term
| Name the hormones that respond to stress |
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Definition
-Cortisol = adrenal cortex
-Epi/Nor-Epi = adrenal medulla/neurons
-Antidiuetic hormone (ADH) = posterior pituitary
-Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) = kidney/adrenal cortex |
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Term
| Cortisol: The "Stress hormone" |
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Definition
-comes from the Hypothalamus!
-helps regulate the stress response
-diverts metabolism from building tissues to supplying energy for dealing with the stress
-Alters (glucose, fat & protein metabolism)
-Surpresses inflammatory & immune responses |
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Term
| Cortisol Release causes... |
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Definition
*increase
-blood glucose
-stronger sympathetic system effect on heart rate
*decrease
(nonessential energy-using activities)
-metabolic & reproduction rates
-bone formation
-red & white cell production
-immune system becomes depressed
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Term
| Antidiurectic Hormone (ADH) |
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Definition
"Vasopressin"
-causes vasoconstriction
-pulls fluid back to the core (brain, lungs, heart)
-Blood volume increases!! |
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Term
Sympathetic System
"fight/flight" |
|
Definition
-rapid response to (pain,fear,low BP)
-hypothalamus activates the SNS
-then activates norepinephrine
-then (adrenal medulla) activates the epinephrine |
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Term
Sympathetic System
when epinephrine & norepinephrine is released,what happens?) |
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Definition
-increase cardiac output!
-BP restored
-blood flow to the skin,guts & kidneys reduced
-skin becomes pale
-decreased urine production
-decreased GI activity |
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Term
| Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone |
|
Definition
*activated by Sympathetic system
*also by decreased blood flow to kidneys
Kidneys then release:
-Angiotensin I (weak vasoconstriction)
-then ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme)
-then Angiotensin II (stronger vasoconstriction)
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|
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Term
Angiotensin II (the stronger vasoconstriction)
stimulates what?? |
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Definition
*the Adrenal Cortex
which then...
*releases Aldosterone
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Term
Renin -Angiotensin-Aldosterone
when its released what happens now? |
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Definition
-Kidneys reabsorb Na+ and water
-Kidneys secrete K+ |
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Term
| How can stress effect the immune system? |
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Definition
-decrease immune cell production
-decrease thymus activity
-change the kind of immune cells produced |
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Term
Immune Response to Stress
(describe the cycle) |
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Definition
CNS
releases
HORMONES & NEUROTRANSMITTERS
which affect
IMMUNE CELLS
they release
INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS
which affect
CNS |
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Term
|
Definition
*stress-induced changes in body functions are detected by the body's normal regulatory sensors
*the body alters the function to restore normal function
*when normal balance is restored, negative feedback stops the reaction. |
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Term
|
Definition
*Directly affects CNS
*stressresponse occurs even when the body's internal sensors have NOT been detected
*Do the stress responses solve the persons problem?? NO!
*Will negative feedback tell them when to turn off? NO! |
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Term
|
Definition
*acute activation of the SNS
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Term
| Which organs would you expect to see damaged by acute stress and why? |
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Definition
-kidneys
-gut
-skin
d/t the decrease blood flow by the sympathetic response |
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Term
|
Definition
*Sympathetic activity
*Cortisol increase
-glucose increase
-decrease immune response
-increased infection
-delayed wound healing |
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Term
|
Definition
*SNS activity & induce muscle relaxation
*transcendenal mediation
-repetitive mental device
-passive attitude
-decreased muscle tension
-quiet environment
*Progressive relaxation |
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Term
Relaxation Response
(examples) |
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Definition
*guided imagery "happy place"
*music therapy
*massage therapy
*Biofeedback (learn to control biological functions, measure skin response, focus on sympathetic response) |
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