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Stone Age Test One
we are fucked
50
Art History
Undergraduate 1
10/05/2008

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Term
Arch Construction
Definition
a wood frame was first constructed in the shape of an arch. The stone work was built up around the frame and finally a keystone was set in position. The wood frame could then be removed and the arch was left in position.
Term
Veristic Portraiture
Definition
veristic means truthful, gives a sense of honesty, truthfulness behind the characters, it started the trend towards realism
Term
Pericles
Definition
the leader at the time of the Parthenon, who raised money supposedly for the state and put it all towards the parthenon
Term
Phidias
Definition
Director of the Parthenon's sculptures and carvings
Term
Colonnade
Definition
a series of rows of columns, usually spanned by lintels
Term
Peristyle
Definition
In classical architecture, a colonnade all around the cell and its porch(es). A peripteral colonnade consists of a single row of columns on all sides; a dipteral colonnade has a double row all around
Term
Cella
Definition
the chamber at the center of an ancient temple; in a classical temple, the room in which the cult statue usually stood
Term
Pronaos
Definition
The space, or porch, in front of the cella or naos, of an ancient greek temple
Term
Entasis
Definition
the convex profile (an apparent swelling) in the shaft of a column
Term
Pediment
Definition
In classical architecture, the triangular space (gable) at the end of a building, formed by the ends of the sloping roof above the colonnade; also, an ornamental feature with the same shape
Term
Doric Order
Definition
The doric order is characterized by capitals with funnel-shaped echinuses, columns without bases, and a frieze of triglyphs and metopes, is sturdy and masculine
Term
Ionic Order
Definition
The Ionic order is characterized by volute capitals, columns with bases and an uninterrupted frieze, and is pretty and femine
Term
Columns
Definition
doric order: Taper up at the top, not a straight line, swells in the middle
ionic order: stand on a base, more slender than doric
Term
Architrave
Definition
The lintel or lowest division of the entablature; ionic: plain, divided into 2 or 3 bands with frieze on top, doric:lower half of entablature
Term
Frieze
Definition
The part of the entablature between the architrave and the cornice; also any sculpture or painted band on a building. Ionic has an uninterrupted frieze while the doric frieze is divided
Term
Triglyph and Metope
Definition
often sculpted in relief, they alternate on the Doric Frieze, the metopes are the panels and the triglyphs are the grooved sections
Term
Entablature
Definition
consists of the architrave and the frieze, the part of the building above the columns and below the roof
Term
Stylobate
Definition
the uppermost course of the platform of a Greek temple, which supports the columns
Term
Kouros (plural: kouroi)
Definition
greek for "young man", an archaic greek statuary type depicting a young man
Term
Kore (plural: korai)
Definition
Greek for "young woman", an archaic greek statuary type depicting a young woman
Term
Contrapposto
Definition
A stance where a human figure has one part turned in opposition to another part (usually hips and legs one way, shoulders and chest another), creating a counterposition of the body about its central axis, Sometimes called "weight shift" because the weight of the body tends to be thrown to one foot, creating tension on one side and relaxition on the other
Term
Black-figure Painting
Definition
In Greek pottery, the silhouetting of dark figures against a light background of natural, reddish clay, with linear details incised through the silhouettes
Term
Red-figure Painting
Definition
In Greek pottery, the silhouetting of red figures against a black background, with painted linear details; the reverse of black-figure painting
Term
Foreshortening
Definition
The use of perspective to represent in art the apparent visual contraction of an object that extends back in space at an angle to the perpendicular place of sight
Term
Choir
Definition
The space reserved for the clergy and singers in the church, usually east of the transept but, in some instances, extending into the nave
Term
Barrel Vault
Definition
Semicylindrical in cross-section in effect a deep arch or an uninterrupted series of arches, one behind the other, over an oblong space
Term
Groin Vault
Definition
Formed at the point at which two barrel vaults intersect at right angles
Term
Clerestory windows
Definition
Top level windows, allow for a sense of lightness
Term
Round Arch
Definition
Used in romanesque, generally composed of wedge-shaped blocks that transmit the downward pressure laterally
Term
Corinthian order
Definition
The most ornate of the three orders, the capital of the column usually has a detailed floral carving that went all the way around, solving the problem of looking good.
Term
attached columns
Definition
(i think) when columns are added into a structure for a visual effect, not because they are needed in the building
Term
dome
Definition
A hemispheric vault, or an arch rotated on it's axis.
Term
coffering
Definition
An ornamental, sunken panel in a vault or ceiling.
Term
Emperor Constantine of Rome
Definition
He reunites the Roman Empire, moves the capital from Rome to Constantinople, converts to Christianity, and puts an end to the persecution of Christians.
Term
Emperor Justinian of Byzantium
Definition
Known for his reorganization of the Roman government and the Codex Justinianus
Term
basilica
Definition
Early type of Christian church in the Roman Empire, had a sense of open-ness, community, and gathering rather than hierarchy
Term
nave
Definition
In a basilica, the large, long, central avenue leading to the altar at the back of the church
Term
aisle
Definition
Side halls running under the lower roof of a traditional basilica, parallel to the nave
Term
apse
Definition
The spot in the back of a church or basilica where the high altar is located.
Term
narthex
Definition
The entrance space/foyer of a traditional church or basilica
Term
transept
Definition
The intersection of a church with an axis that crosses the nave at a right angle. Also the usual place where the holy relics are housed
Term
mosaic
Definition
Type of artwork that consists of small stones and colored glass set in concrete to make a larger picture
Term
tesserae
Definition
Like the mosaic, only the pieces of glass and pebble are cut specifically.
Term
pendentives
Definition
A construction device that allows a dome to rest on a square, the engineering solution to the dome of the Hagia Sophia.
Term
iconoclasm; iconoclasts; iconophiles
Definition
The deliberate destruction of religious icons, usually signifies a great religious change; the people who support this; the people who are in favor of icon worship.
Term
interlacing
Definition
A feature of some early Medieval art, this style consists of intertwining lines; a vine-like spiraling mess.
Term
illuminated manuscript
Definition
A medieval manuscript with illustrations, usually religious.
Term
Buttress
Definition
An exterior structures that opposes the lateral thrust of an arch or a vault
Term
Pointed Arch
Definition
A narrow arch of pointed profile, in contrast to a semi-circular arch
Term
Rib Vault
Definition
A vault in which the diagonal and transverse ribs compose a structural skeleton that partially supports the masonry web between them
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