Term
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Definition
| week 1-3 of development. all or none, the early conceptus will either die of teratogen effect or come out un harmed |
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Term
| max susceptibility period |
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Definition
| weeks 3-8 e.g. embrogenesis, all organ morphogenesis is pretty much going on here. |
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Term
| lowered susceptibility period |
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Definition
| weeks 9-38 exposure results in functional problems and growth |
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Term
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Definition
leading cause of mental retardation. Causes mental retardation, microcephaly, holoprosencephaly. (cyclopse), cranio facial abnormalities, and cardiovascular defects. Leading cause of freaking mental retardation
mechanism may be inhibition of cell migration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal fetal development and fetal addiction, fetal placental abruption. still birth, low birth wight. |
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Term
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Definition
| vaginal clear cell adenocarcionoma in offspring. This drug is a synthetic estrogen that was supposed to decrease, spontaneous aboriton. Can cause a host of genital malfrmations like cervical hood, T shaped utuers. hyposlattic utuerus. ovulatory disorders, infertility and premature labor. |
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Term
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Definition
| lack or excess can cause gongenital goiter or hpothyroidism |
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Term
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Definition
| lack or excess can cause gongenital goiter or hpothyroidism |
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Term
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Definition
| lack or excess can cause gongenital goiter or hpothyroidism |
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Term
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Definition
| vitamin A excess translates to a very high chance of spontaneous abortions and birth defects like cleft palate and cardiac abnormalities). accutane- is a retinoic acid deriviative for severe acne, that can cause CNs anormlaities, external ear abnormalities and eye abnormalities. Facial dysmprphia and cleft palate. |
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Term
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Definition
| antinauseant drug that was prescribed for pregnant women. limb reduction, ear and nasal abnormalities, cardiac defects, lung defects and GI stenosis/ atresia. Limb defects: "flipper limbs" |
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Term
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Definition
| Inter uterine Growth retardation (IUGR). causes premature delivery, low birthweight and fetal hypoxia due to reduced uterine blood flow. oh and ADHD to cap it off |
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Term
| X-Rays, anticonvulsants (benzos) |
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Definition
| multiple abnormlaities. anti convulsants are big time cleft palate guys. |
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Term
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Definition
| bone deformities, fetal hemhorrhage, abortion |
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Term
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Definition
| stippled epiphysis, mental reatardation, microencephaly seizures, fetal hemorrhage. optic atrophy. |
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Term
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Definition
| can cause permananently sained teeth and hypoplasia of the enamal |
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Term
| aminoglycosides e.g. streptomycin, amikacin, tobramycin |
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Definition
| CN VIII toxicity. permanent bilateral deafness and loss of vestibular function. |
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Term
| Alkalyating agents e.g. cyclophosphamide. |
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Definition
| abscence of digits and a host of other shit. |
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Term
| Folate antagonist e.g. methotrexate |
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Definition
| small stature, abnormal cranial ossificaiton, ocular hypertelorism, low swet ears, cleft palate and myelomengiocoel. first aid: neural tube defects. |
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Term
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Definition
| drug can cause fetal cardiac defects |
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Term
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Definition
| diurtetic, can cause fetal jaundice and thrombocytopenia |
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Term
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Definition
| acute high doses over 250 of ionizing radiation results in microcephaly, mental retardation and leukemia. after exposure to greater than 25 rads, classic fetal defects will be observed so that termination should be offered. |
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Term
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Definition
| tovaviridae. enveloped icosohedral positive single stranded RNA. trans placental transmission to prgenancy. risk in first month. Triad of cardiac defects (patent ductus, pulmonary artery stenosis and AV septal defects). cataracts and low birth weight. expanded rubella syndrome. bluish purple lesions on a yellow jaundiced skin. blueberry muffin spots. can also come with micro-encephaly and retardation. cataracts! |
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Term
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Definition
| herpes virus family. large enveloped double stranded dna virus. transfered tranplacentally. bad infections are seen in first half of pregnancy. primary infection during pregnancy is bad, otherwise ab's protect from malformations not infeciton. Most common manifestation is deafness. Can also get petechial rash. intracranial clacifications, mental retardation, hepatocsplenomegaly, microcephaly, jaundice |
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Term
| Herpes Simplex Viruses ! and 2 |
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Definition
| double stranded DNA viruses. usually in neonates by direct passage through the birthcanal. Worse with primary infection because no ab's to help ameliorate. encephalitis, conjuctivitis, vesicular skin lesions. often asymptomatic at birth. can get a large bullae. at 15-17 days of age, you can get encephalopathy or disseminated disease. most survivors have neurologic sequelae. to educe neonatal hsv infection, delivery should be c section. can get cataracts. |
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Term
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Definition
| fetal varicella occurs when mternal vzv infection occurs in first trimester. you get scarring, skin lesions. limb and digit hypoplsasia. limb paresis/ paralysis. hydroocephalus, microcephaly / mental retard. neonates whose mothers develp chicken pox fewer than 5 days before delivery or 2 days post partuum, develop severe chicken pox with incresed mortality/ morbidity. acyclovir reatment of neonate is recommended. VZIG is recommended for these neonates a well. |
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Term
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Definition
| retrovirdae. hepatosplenomegaly, neurologic abnormalities, frequent infections |
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Term
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Definition
| hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, saddle nose, saber shins, hutchinson teeth. CNVIII deafness. rhinitis: snufles. |
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Term
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Definition
| classic triad of chorioretinitis, intracranial clcificaitons and hydrocephalis. may be asymptomatic at birth. spiramycin, sulfadizaine an dleucorvin are added. |
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Term
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Definition
| way more likely to be transmitted during secondary/ primary infetion |
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