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Definition
| Stems provide support and a point of attachment for leaves, flowers and fruit, optimizing their position for exposure to sunlight, and pollination and dispersal, respectively |
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Definition
| The presence of a vascular system within the stem provides for the conduction of wwater and dissolved minerals from the roots upward, and transport of carbohydrates produced in the leaves downard and throught the pant. Via the stem, all plant parts are connected to one another |
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| Growth and tissue production |
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Definition
| Via cell division in specialized areas, the stem grows and produces essential tissues and structures such as buds, leaves, flowers and fruits |
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| Specialized stems, usually underground, serve as storage reservoirs for carbs and other nutrients |
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| Many stems, especially when young, have tissues with chloroplasts that contribute to the plant's total carbon balance. Other specialized stems may be leaf-like in shape or carry out photosynthesis in plants where leaves are greatly reduced or absent |
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| When a stem is not present or apparent |
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| Stem that grows above ground |
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| Embryonic stem, often covered by some protective structure for protection |
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| Short, flattened underground stem surrounded by layers of thick fleshy modified leaves (scales) |
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| Photosynthetic stem that is flattened and resembles a leaf |
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| Short, vertical underground stem surrounded by thin papery leaves |
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| Stem or plant that is soft and without woody tissue |
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| Area of a stem between two consecutive nodes |
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| Typically flat photosynthetic structure produced from the nodes of stems and branches of plants |
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| Stem or branch characterized by long internodal areas, when both long and short shoots are presend on the same plant |
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Definition
Area of a stem from which leaves or buds are produced
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Definition
| Sharp superficial outgrowth of epidermal plant tissue that may be found anywhere on the plant |
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Definition
| Horizontal undeground stem with scale-like leaves |
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| Elongated horizontal stem that grows on the surface of the ground and that roots and produces new plants at the nodes and at the tip |
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Definition
| Stem or branch caracterized by short internodal areas, when both long and short shoots are present on the same plant |
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Definition
| Sharp, modified leaf (or portion of a leaf) or stipule that arises at the node |
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Definition
| Elongated horizontal stem that grows on the surface of the ground and that roots and produces new plants at the nodes and at the tip |
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Definition
| Modified stem or leaf that is used for attachment and climbing |
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Definition
| Sharp, modified branch that arises at the node from the leaf axil or at the branch tip |
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Definition
| Short, fleshy underground stem or thickened portion of a rhizome |
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Definition
| Small branch or shoot from a tree |
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Definition
| Herbaceous plant with a stem that trails on the ground or climbs |
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| Hard stem or plant formed by the presence of secondary xylem |
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