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| where you take data, describe it, and make inferences |
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| a target group of participants ab which the researcher will make decisions |
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| characteristics of a population |
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| large, unobtainable, hypothetical |
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| do not vary and stats are used to estimate them |
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| quantity or property that is free to take on dfferent values |
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| variables whose values are manipulated by the researcher |
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| behavior by the participant that is observed and measured by the researches |
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| any variable that might effect on dependent variable |
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| nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio |
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| data with identity/qualitative. religion, politics etc. |
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| data with identity and order. ranking in school etc. |
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| identity, order, and distance between numbers. temp etc. |
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| identity, ordinal, distance between numbers, true zero point. example is temp, height, and weight |
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| set of individuals selected from a population, usually intended to represent the population in a research study |
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| requires that each individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected. |
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| scores tend to pile up toward one end of the scale and taper of gradually towards the end |
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| statistical measure to determine a single score defines the center of distribution. goal is to find the single score that is most representive of the group |
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| sum of the scores divided by N |
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| midpoint of the list when the scores are listed in order from smallest to largest |
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| the score or the category that has the greatest frequency |
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| provides a quantitative measure of the differences between scores in a distribution and describes the degree to which scores are spread out or clustered together |
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| the mean squared deviation |
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| averaged squared distance from the mean |
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| square root of the variance |
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| average value of the statistic is equal to the population parameter |
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| average value of the statistic either underestimates or overestimates the corresponding population parameter |
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| specifies the precise location of each X value within a distribution. The sign (+/-) signifies whether the score is above the mean (positive) or below the mean (negative). It is something minus its divded by its standard deviation |
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| have two parameters, u(Mu) and sigma squared. mean and variance respectively. common shape for population distributions |
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| statistical technique that is used to measure and describe a relationship between two variables |
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| cause and effect relationship |
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| the area of statistics where a researcher is concered with predicting one variable from another |
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| the prediction of one linear continuous variable known as the criterion variable from one linear continuous variable known as the predictor variable |
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