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Definition
Those that divide subjects into groups, but do not allow any sort of mathematical operations to be.
performed on the data. Include Nominal and ordinal variables |
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| Categorical Variables for which the categories do not have a natural ordering |
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| Categorical Variable for which the categories have a natural ordering |
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Term
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Definition
| AKA quantitative variables. Those for which the responses are meaningful numeric values; includes interval variables and ratio variables |
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Definition
| Measurement variables for which differences are consistent, but ratios are not |
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Definition
| Measurement variables for which ratios are consistent |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures what it claims to measure |
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Definition
| Gives approximately the same result when repeated on the same subject |
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Definition
| The tendency of measurements to be different for different subjects or for the same subject at different times |
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Term
| Measurement Variables can be described as discrete or continuous. |
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Definition
| Discrete means those with a countable number of possible responses, and continuous means those that may assume any number in some interval. Every fraction is a possible value. |
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Definition
| Random chance that it's not accurate |
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Definition
| Poor methods, non-response people |
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Definition
| Measures sampling error. 1/(square root) n |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Percentage of the population of measurements that falls into a certain range. Symbolized by "p" |
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| Sample proportion or percentage |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Single or individual object |
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Term
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Definition
| A list of units from which the sample is chosen |
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Term
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Definition
| Collection of all units of potential interest |
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Term
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Definition
| Collection of units upon which we actually take measurements |
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Term
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Definition
| A survey in which the entire population is measured; the US census is not a true census, only an attempt |
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Term
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Definition
Everyone involved has an equal chance of being tested
Ex. Each of 400 seats is written on a poker chip in a hopper, 30 are selected |
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Term
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Definition
Divide the population into group and then collect a simple random sample.
Ex. Each of the 400 seat designations are written on poker chips, the chips for the east section are put in one hopper and the chips for the west are put in another hopper. 15 chips are selected from each hopper and the students sitting in the seats corresponding to those seats are chosen. |
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Definition
| Consecutive sample, such as picking every 3 seat of each row |
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Term
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Definition
| The population is sorted into groups/clusters and then a random sample of clusters is selected. |
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Term
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Definition
| Uses a variety of sampling techniques. |
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Term
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Definition
| The RESP is the primary measurement of interest. Usually a study considers only one RESP |
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Term
| Explanatory variables (EXPL) or factors |
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Definition
| An EXPL is other information about each subject that may explain why the subject differ with respect to the RESP. Studies often consider several EXPL |
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Term
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Definition
| An experiment is a study in which the EXPL is controlled/manipulated by the researcher. An EXPL whose value is determined/set by the researcher is called a "treatment" |
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Term
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Definition
| An observational study is a study in which the value of the EXPL in an observational study is not controlled of manipulated by the researcher |
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Definition
| A confounding variable is a variable that is related to both the EXPL (group membership) and the RESP. A confounding variable is an extraneous difference in the groups |
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Term
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Definition
| A variable that interacts with the EXPL is a variable that changes the way the groups compare with respect to the RESP. Two variables are said to interact if the effect one variable has on RESP depends on the value of the other variable |
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