Term
|
Definition
| The ability to perform more than one activity at the same time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Biological cycles within the body that occur on an approximately 24-hour cycle |
|
|
Term
| Suprachiasmatic Nuclei (SCN) |
|
Definition
| Located in the Hypothalamus, they regulate most circadian rhythms. The brain's master "biological clock." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A hormone that has a relaxing effect in the body. Secretes out of the Pineal Gland, mostly at night time. |
|
|
Term
| Seasonal affective Disorder (SAD) |
|
Definition
| A cyclic tendency to become psychologically depressed during certain months of the year, usually the months with less sunlight |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A forward rotating schedule that takes advantage of the fact that it is easier to extend the waking day than to compress it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brain-wave pattern of 8 to 12 cycles per second that is characteristic of humans in a relaxed waking state |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A brain-wave pattern of 15-30 cycles per second that is characteristic of humans who are in an alert waking state. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Periodic one- to two-second bursts of rapid brain wave activity. There onset indicates that a person is now in sleep stage 2. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Low-frequency, high amplitude brain waves that occur in stage 3 sleep and predominate in stage 4 sleep |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to both sleep stages 3 and 4, when the body is relaxed, activity in various parts of the brain have decreased, and the person is hard to awaken. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A stage when dream almost always, (if not always) occurs. Rapid eye movements happen. This stage occurs after stages 1, 2, 3, 4, 3, 2. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the brain and body are as aroused as when you are awake, but you move very little. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Stems the idea that sleep recharges our rundown bodies and allows us to recover from physical and mental fatigue. |
|
|
Term
| Evolutionary/Circadian Sleep models |
|
Definition
| Emphasize that sleep's main purpose is to increase a species' chance of survival in relation to its environmental demands. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to chronic difficulty in falling asleep, staying asleep, or experiencing restful sleep. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Involves extreme daytime sleepiness and sudden, uncontrollable sleep attacks that last from minutes to just over an hour. When REM sleep intrudes daytime wakeful consciousness. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When a person's muscles become paralyzed, like they do in the stage of REM sleep - but the persons is awake and conscious. A quick and sudden physical paralysis (almost like a K hold). Lasts seconds to many minutes, and often happens to a narcoleptic. |
|
|
Term
| REM-Sleep Behaviour Disorder (RBD) |
|
Definition
| A sleep disorder in which the loss of muscle tone that causes normal REM sleep paralysis is absent, thereby enabling sleepers to move about, sometimes violently, and seeming "act out" their dream. Causes are unknown. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The gratification of our unconscious desires and needs. |
|
|
Term
| Activation-Synthesis Theory* |
|
Definition
| The theory that dreams represent the brain's attempt to interpret random patterns of neural activation triggered by the brain stem during REM sleep. |
|
|
Term
| Problem-solving Dream Models |
|
Definition
| The idea that dreams can help us find creative solutions to our problems and conflicts because they are not constrained by reality. |
|
|
Term
| Cognitive-Process Dream Theory |
|
Definition
| A theory that focuses on how (rather than why) we dream, and proposes that dreaming and waking thought are produced by the same mental systems in the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The decreasing responsivity to a drug; when a drug is used repeatedly, the intensity of effects produced by the same dosage level may decrease over time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reactions opposite to that of a drug, (e.g.. reactions that decrease heart rate.) This is why tolerance builds. Represents the body's way of fighting the invasion of drugs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The occurrence of compensatory responses after discontinued drug use. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Decrease nervous system activity. In moderate doses, they reduce feelings of tension and anxiety, and produce a state of relaxed euphoria. Includes alcohol, barbiturates and tranquilizers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A shortsightedness in thinking caused by the inability to pay attention to as much information as a sober person. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Increase neural firing and arouse the nervous system. They increase blood pressure, respiration, heart rate, and overall alertness. Includes amphetamines and cocaine. |
|
|
Term
| Dissociation Theories (of Hypnosis) |
|
Definition
| The view that hypnosis is an altered state involving a division ("dissociation) of consciousness; one theory proposes that the hypnotized person simultaneously experiences two streams of consciousness that are cut off from each other. |
|
|
Term
| Social Cognitive Theory (of Hypnosis) |
|
Definition
| The view that hypnotic experiences occur because people are highly motivated to assume the role of being hypnotized. |
|
|
