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| a world-wide down turn in economic activity during the 1930s; people lost jobs, company profits declined |
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| 3 long-term causes of the Great Depression |
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| 1. buying stock on margin (credit) 2. over production (factories and farms) 3. uneven distribution of wealth (rich got richer, middle class became poorer) |
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| buying stock with credit (borrowed money); this causes the prices of stocks to increase a lot in the 1920s. |
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| the event considered the beginning of the Great Depression |
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| did NOT think the federal government should not help citizens; thought help should come from local and state government or charities. |
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| the shantytowns that homeless people made outside of large cities during the Great Depression |
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| during the Great Depression, WWI veterans marched on Washington D.C. demanding early payment of money that Congress promised them; US military used tanks, tear gas and guns with bayonets to remove veterans. |
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| believed that the federal government should actively improve the welfare of citizens; first 100 days created many new programs to help citizens and fix the banks |
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| FDR's plan for the government to get involved in fixing the economy; a major goal was to help those citizens that had lost their jobs |
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| Pres. F. Roosevelt closed all banks and federal inspectors re-opened only the ones that were reliable |
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| a federal program where banks agree to be inspected by the government and in return they will insure deposits up to $250,000 per account |
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| money collected by the government while you are working; citizens get it back when the retire, become unemployed or become disabled. |
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| the nickname for the 100 New Deal programs created by Congress or executive order to help citizens and jump start the US economy (NIRA, CCC, WPA, TVA, etc..) |
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| power of the federal government was too strong and too involved with business and citizens private affairs |
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| FDR tried to increase the number of Supreme Court justices from 9 to 15 so that he could appoint judges that liked his programs |
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| US Supreme Court decided that some New Deal programs violated the US Constitution; FDR wanted the change the # of justices to 15 to "stack the court" in his favor |
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| bad farming practices (over grazing and over production of crops), climate change (drought and high winds) |
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| Severely hit Dust Bowl states |
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| improved under FDR; Wagner Act allowed workers to form unions and collectively bargain for their contracts |
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| major change in US policy; able to control their own affairs |
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| Long-term effects of the New Deal |
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Definition
| (+) many public facilities built in the 1930s still exist today are used by US citizens/businesses daily (-) the role of the US government in American society remains large and requires a lot of tax $ |
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