Agonists has an effect.  These bind to the receptor

Antagonist has no effect. Ties up receptor and keeps them from binding with something else

competitive -these have a affinity for a receptor but have no efficacy

noncompetitive-changes receptor preventing binding

Enteral intaking drugs orally or rectally but enters into the GI system

Parental goes straight into the system...usually injection

Discuss passive transfer

•  
  • simple diffusion
  • works on concentration gradient and lipid solubility of the drug

1. Oral-mouth
2. Rectal-
3. Intravenous(IV)-perenteral
4. Intramuscular(IM)-injection into muscle
5. Subcutaneous(SC,SQ)-injection under skin
6. Intrathecal(IT)-injection into archnoid space
7. Intraperitoneal-injection into peritoneal
8. Inhalation(IH)-gas
9. Topical-skin

Lipid-soluble compound that readily trsverses membrane and is readily absorbed

T/F

•  
  • Passage across membrane
  • Requires energy
  • Works against concentration gradient

A: Absorpton

D: Distribution

M: Metabolism

E: Excretion

•  
  • non-ionized
  • better absorption
  • easly crosses cell membrane

                 nonionized          ionized

HA   ↔    H⁺   +      A^-

^{H+ nonionized}

^{DOUBLE CHECK THIS IT MIGHT BE WRONG!!!}

•  
  • t 1/2
  • a drug is said to be removed from the body in 5 half-lives

•  
  •  
    • Blood-brain barrier-only highly lipid soluble drugs can cross
    • Placenta-most drugs cross by simple diffusion, with lipid soluble drugs passing most easily

Metabolites are more polar (ionized) than the parent compound therefore less lipid soluble

T/F

Once a drug is swollowed it becomes ionized or inactive.  The liver enzymes change the structure allowing it to be excreted by the kidney

T/F