Term
| The spleen is located between what two structures? |
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Definition
| 1. left hemidiaphragm 2. stomach |
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Term
| Is the spleen intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal? |
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Definition
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Term
| What area of the spleen is not covered with peritoneum? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Adult splenic volume index |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a normal splenic volume index? |
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Definition
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Term
| Normal adult weight of the spleen |
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Definition
| 150 grams (can range from 80-300 grams) |
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Term
| The spleen is what shape? |
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Definition
| tetrahedral (orange segment, triangular, or ovoid) |
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Term
| What area of the spleen is convex? concave? |
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Definition
| superior/lateral border; medial/inferior border |
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Term
| The spleen is the largest ____________ tissue in the body. |
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Definition
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Term
| The spleen is the largest part of what system in the body? |
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Definition
| RES (reticuloendothelial system) |
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Term
| What main function does the spleen have in utero, but ends at birth? |
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Definition
| hematopoiesis (aka erythropoiesis) |
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Term
| Where is the hilum located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the hilum contain? |
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Definition
| splenic vein, splenic artery, lymph vessel, nerves |
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Term
| The splenic artery is found in what location to the pancreas? |
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Definition
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Term
| The splenic artery breaks down into how many branches? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are the branches of the splenic artery at high risk for infarct? Why or why not? |
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Definition
| Yes, because there aren't adequate anastomoses between the branches |
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Term
| The splenic vein forms the portal V with what other vessel? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the splenic vein anterior or posterior to the pancreas? |
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Definition
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Term
| The IMV can enter into what two areas? |
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Definition
| splenic vein or junction of splenic vein and SMV |
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Term
| What three ligaments hold the spleen in place? |
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Definition
| 1. lienorenal 2. gastrosplenic 3. phrenocolic |
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Term
| What forms the ligaments that hold the spleen in place? |
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Definition
| peritoneum layers that form the greater and lesser sac |
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Term
| A subclavian abscess, splenic cyst, or left pleural effusion displaces the spleen in what direction? |
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Definition
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Term
Loss of lung volume, left pneumonia,
paralysis of the left hemidiaphragm or large intrabdominal mass can displace the spleen in which direction? |
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Definition
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Term
| Medial lobulation of the spleen is often confused with what? |
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Definition
| cystic masses of the pancreatic tail |
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Term
| True or False. The spleen is often a site of primary disease. |
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Definition
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Term
| Term applied to cells throughout the body that have the power to ingest certain cells. |
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Definition
| reticuloendothelial system |
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Term
| Name of cells that ingest other cells. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Iron in old blood cells is converted to ________ and is sent to bone marrow for later use in new hemoglobin. |
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Definition
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Term
| Spleen does about _____ % of catabolic activity. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is red pulp composed of? |
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Definition
| splenic sinuses and cords |
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Term
| Where in the spleen are RBC's stored? |
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Definition
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Term
| Tiny islands of small nodular masses of lymphoid tissue attached to arterial branches. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are malpighian corpuscles? |
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Definition
| small nodular masses of lymphoid tissues |
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Term
| What organ defends the body against infection in fetal life? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four functions of the spleen? |
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Definition
| 1. blood filtration 2. blood production 3. defense 4. reservoir |
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Term
| Other than RBC's, what does the spleen store? |
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Definition
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Term
| Term for removing the nuclei from the RBC without destroying the cell. |
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Definition
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Term
| Term for inspection of the erythrocyte and destruction of abnormal or old ones. |
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Definition
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Term
| The spleen produces RBC's in the fetus until what age? |
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Definition
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Term
| What takes over blood production sometime after birth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What types of cells are important for the formation of antibodies and WBC's? |
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Definition
| lymphocytes and plasma cells |
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Term
| What organ produces lymphocytes and plasma cells? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What is the normal WBC range? |
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Definition
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Term
| What defines leukocytosis? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Hypersplenism, viral infection, leukemia, aplastic anemia, and diabetes have leukocytosis or leukopenia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Acute infection, hemorrhage, CA, and acute leukemia have leukocytosis or leukopenia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Polycythemia vera and severe diarrhea will have increased or decreased RBC? |
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Definition
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Term
| Acute blood loss, Hodgkin's disease, hemolytic and pernicious anemia have increased or decreased RBC? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the lab test hematocrit? |
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Definition
| ratio of RBC to blood volume |
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Term
| What are normal hematocrit levels for men? women? |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood loss will have what type of hematocrit level? |
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Definition
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Term
| Shock polycythemia vera, and severe dehydration will have what hematocrit value? |
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Definition
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Term
| Splenic echogenicity to the liver. |
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Definition
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Term
| What two things should you always identify when scanning the spleen? |
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Definition
| left kidney and left pleural space |
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Term
| Increased hypoechoic areas in the hilum can mimic what four things? |
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Definition
| 1. portal hypertension 2. lymphnodes 3. psuedocyst 4. pancreatic tail tumors |
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Term
| The left liver lobe can be confused with what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| spleen has disappeared from atrophy |
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Term
| What is seen sonographically in wasting diseases like hemolytic anemia? |
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Definition
| 1. loss of pulp 2. increased fibrosis 3. scarring from infarcts 4. iron and calcium deposits |
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Term
| Failure of the spleen to develop, usually associated with other anomalies |
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Definition
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Term
| Defective development of tissue in the spleen, associated with situs inversus or cardiovascular anomalies |
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Definition
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Term
| Abnormal position of the spleen, possibly from laxity of supporting ligaments |
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Definition
| wandering spleen or ectopic |
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Term
| dysfunctional or lax ligaments |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is more likely to have an ectopic spleen, female or male? |
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Definition
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Term
| What may be seen in asplenia syndrome? |
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Definition
| two morpholigc right lungs, midline liver, IVC left of midline, horseshoe kidney, cardiac anomalies, abnormal placement of stomach. |
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Term
| What is seen in polysplenia? |
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Definition
| bilateral left sidedness, two morphologic left lungs, biliary atresia, GI anomalies, cardiovascular anomalies, central or left liver, multiple spleens |
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Term
| Two other names for accessory spleens. |
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Definition
| supernumerary spleens, splenunculus |
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