Term
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Definition
| Results from disruption of neurologic tissue or vascular supply: occurs with disruption of vasculature supply. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs following primary injury as a result of this primary injury (usually edema and result of inflammation) occurs within the first 24 hours. |
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Term
| Vertical Compression, Axial Loading |
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Definition
| vertical force applied on spinal cord (diving head first into pool) compression of the spinal cord. injuries cause burst fractures of vertebral body that sends bony fragments into spinal canal or into spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
injury causing neck pushed backward. head getting suck on toilet, seen with rear end collisions.
spinal cord is stretched no problem with bone itself with spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| severe rotation of neck or body results in tearing of posterior ligaments & displacement (rotation) of the spinal column. |
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Term
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Definition
| degree of disruption of normal spinal cord function (complete vs. incomplete) depends on what specific and motor structures within cord are damaged. |
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Term
| When can spinal cord injury be classified? |
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Definition
| not for several days after injury until spinal shock has resulted. |
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Term
| complete vs. incomplete injury? |
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Definition
| complete is no feeling or movement below point of injury, incomplete is there is some feeling below the point of injury. |
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Term
| What requirements do people with c1 and c4 injuries need? |
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Definition
| require electric wheelchair with breath, head or should controls |
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Term
| what requirements do people with c5 injuries need? |
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Definition
| electric wheel chair with hand controls, may require adaptive devices with ADL's |
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Term
| what requirements do people with c6 injuries need? |
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Definition
| independent manual wheel chair, head controls adaptive devices for ADL's |
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Term
| what requirements does someone with c7 injury need? |
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Definition
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Term
| what requirements does someone with c8-T1 injury need? |
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Definition
| may need adaptive devices for ADL's |
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Term
| When does spinal shock occur and how long does it last? |
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Definition
| shortly after injury, 30-60 minutes can last days to months long. |
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Term
| when does spinal shock resolve |
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Definition
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Term
| six manifestations of spinal shock |
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Definition
bradycardia
hypotension
flaccid paralysis
absence of contractions
bowel dysfxn
bladder dysfxn |
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Term
| three treatments that can be provided to someone experiencing spinal shock |
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Definition
fluids to control hypotension
temporary pacer
vasopressors |
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Term
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Definition
| physiological or anatomical transection of spinal cord that results in temporary loss or depression of all or most spinal reflex activity below level of injury. |
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Term
| what patients does neurogenic shock occur in? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is neurogenic shock? |
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Definition
| transient loss of all normal reflexes below level of injury: this occurs because of unopposed parasympathetic stimulation leading to decreased vascular tone, resistance, dilation. |
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Term
| 4 symptoms that occur with neurogenic shock |
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Definition
hypotension
bradycardia
decreased CO
Cannot sweat below level of lesion |
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Term
| two treatments for neurogenic shock |
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Definition
fluids
atropine
careful not to cause vagal stimulation. |
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Term
| what differentiates neurogenic shock from hypovolemic shock |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| mixed loss of voluntary motor and sensory function below level of lesion, incomplete exists if any function remains below the level of injury. |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of voluntary motor or same side as injury with loss of pain, temp & sensation on other side below level of injury mostly from knife or sharp instrument. |
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Term
| posterior spinal cord syndrome? |
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Definition
| loss motor function, loss of pain and sensation below level of injury |
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Term
| Anterior spinal cord syndrome? |
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Definition
| loss motor function, pain, temp, touch, paralysis below injury |
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Term
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Definition
| motor and sensory deficit more pronounced in UE than LE, often spastic mostly in cervical spine and caused from hyperextension. |
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Term
| Why are Halo vests being used? |
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Definition
| metal ring attached to skull with four screws for cervical immobilization, keeps immobile until they go to surgery helps you turn and move patient without mobilizing spinal cord |
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Term
| Nursing care provided to those with halo vest (3) |
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Definition
should be turned every 2 hours
log roll patient using 2-3 nurses with someone standing at head of bed and at patients feet
perform pin care |
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Term
| Why is methylprednisolone used in patients with spinal cord injury? |
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Definition
| thought to prevent secondary injury in SC improves nerve impulse conduction. Steroid that reduces inflammation, decreases immunity. taken to prevent secondary injury because it helps to decrease swelling and inflammation. only for first 48 hours then treatment stops. |
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Term
| what is dose methylprednisolone |
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Definition
| 3-8 hours post injury with loading dose 30 mg/kg bolus and continuous infusion 5.4 mg/kg/hr x 23 hours (48 possible) |
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Term
| four D's of psychosocial nursing management? |
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Definition
dependency
divorce
drug addiction
depression |
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Term
| What happens to metabolism following SCI |
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Definition
| hypermetabolic, burning 3000 calories a day |
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Term
| what can you do to help patients avoid stress ulcers |
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Definition
| H2 receptor blockers or proton pump inhibitors to help acid control to help with injury itself. |
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Term
| What should you be doing with your SCI patient to prevent contractors |
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Definition
| ROM and hand splints and foot drop splints |
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Term
| Why do you need to suction carefully with SCI patients |
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Definition
| because stimulation of the vasgus nerve will cause bradycardia |
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Term
| what is quad coughing/coughalator |
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Definition
| push up on patients diaphragm to give support to diaphragm and push secretions up. |
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Term
| mechanical ventilation at night may be necessary for what patients |
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Definition
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Term
| most common cause of mortality in SCI patients |
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Definition
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