Term
| Specific Language Impairment |
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Definition
developmental language disorder
diagnoised through exclusion of other diagnosis |
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Term
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Definition
| deficits in morphology and phonological memory |
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Term
| SPI affects __ to __ % of children |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
“Late talkers” who do not “outgrow” it
Developmental delay in all language areas, including phonology, semantics, syntax, and pragmatics
Delay is greater for production than for comprehension |
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Term
| Lexical Development with SLI |
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Definition
Core vocabulary emerges late(as much as a year)
Slow word-mapping skills, and therefore slower acquisition rate
High use of general, all-purpose words (such as thing)
High use of circumlocutions
Difficulty with multiple meanings of homophones |
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Term
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Definition
when cannot find a word, will describe the intended meaning
"something round and english" |
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Term
| Grammatical Development with SLI |
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Definition
Morphosyntactic difficulties is the hallmark of SLI
Difficulty with grammatical morphemes
(largely omit them from utterances - plurals, tense markers, aux)
Especially marked for verb inflections and agreement morphology(am going v is going)
Difficulty with different sentence structures
ex. questsions v statemtns |
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Term
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Definition
Temporal
Surface
Extended
Generalized |
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Term
| Temporal processing deficits |
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Definition
Children with SLI have difficulty with RAP, which result in difficulties parsing out speech, and learning language
controversial, both theoretically and clinically
-Theoretically - not all children with SLI have auditory processing differences
-Clinically, treatment programs effectiveness has not been replicated
**Theory of Everything** |
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Term
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Definition
Difficulty with morphosyntax is due to difficulty with processing phonetically-subtle speech cues
-morphosyntactic markings are usually word-final and phonetically less salient
suggests that the complexity of the marking(part of root v plural) contributes to difficulty level
Also, making markings more salient (ex. by stressing, lengthening and amplifying them) does not make it easier for SLI children to process them |
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Term
| Extended Optional Infinitive Account |
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Definition
Hypothesis that children with SLI have immature grammatical knowledge (when you don't mark verb w/form such as past, future, etc - the verb remainsin infinitive)
Specifically, that children with SLI “get stuck” in the stage of grammatical development when the use of grammatical markings is thought to be optional |
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Term
| Generalized Slowing Hypothesis |
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Definition
Children with SLI have generally slowed or limited processing capacity
-slower on number of perceptual and motor tasks
-have difficulty w/completing two tasks at once |
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Term
| How “Specific” is the Specific Language Impairment? |
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Definition
Children with SLI usually have impaired phonological memory
Children with SLI usually have lower non-verbal IQ than normally-developing children
Children with SLI also score lower than typically-developing children on tests of symbolic functioning, hierarchical planning, and reasoning |
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Term
| What does SLI tell us about the relationship between language and other skills? |
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Definition
Language difficulties are frequently accompanied by IQ, memory, and other non-linguistic deficits
Language difficulties may be underlied by a number of very different deficits |
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Term
| SLI depresses acquisition of all aspects of language, but is most severe for ..... |
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Definition
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