Term
| The cranial nerve that innervates the intrinsic musculature of the larynx is: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| An isometric contraction changes muscle length but not tension: |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The wrist is more distal to the shoulder than the elbow is to the shoulder. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are made of fibrocartilage and connect to the vertebrae via cartilaginous joints |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Hinge joints allow for the following types of movement: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The smallest part of a muscle organ that contracts is the |
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Definition
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Term
| The receptor of an action potential from an adjacent neuron is: |
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Definition
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Term
| A tendon is an example of what kind of tissue? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The _________ cartilage can withstand tremendous force or mechanical stress. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The foot is _________ to the knee: |
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Definition
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|
Term
| A muscle can do only two things: contract and relax. |
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Definition
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Term
| Elastic cartilage is highly flexible and is highly susceptible to ossification. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The coronal plane divides the body into: |
|
Definition
| Anterior and posterior sections |
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|
Term
| The external oblique muscle is superficial to the transverse abdominal muscle. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The diaphragm attaches to the sternum at the: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following muscles are the principal accessory muscles for forced inspiration? |
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Definition
| sternocleidomastoid, serratus anterior, scalene muscle group, pectoralis minor |
|
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Term
| The pelvic girdle consists of: |
|
Definition
| The hip bones, sacrum and coccyx |
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Term
| The ribs attach to which of the following vertebrae: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The primary muscles of quiet inhalation are: |
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Definition
| external intercostals, diaphragm |
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Term
| Injury to T2-T5 may result in damage to the Phrenic Nerve. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The last cartilage of the trachea bifurcates (separates) at the |
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Definition
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|
Term
| The external intercostals _____ the size of the thoracic cavity when they _____: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which nerve innervates the diaphragm? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The lungs consist of skeletal muscle tissue that we contract to inhale and exhale. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The internal intercostals, rectus abdominis, and external obliques are all muscles of forced expiration. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the correct descending order of the respiratory tract? |
|
Definition
| Oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, carina, bronchi, alveoli |
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|
Term
| The _____ pleura lines the lungs. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| The lungs expand because they are muscular structures that enlarge when they contract. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| A sarcomere is comprised of myosin, actin, myofibrils, and fascicles. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Skeletal muscle is mainly involved in involuntary movement. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Speech is the primary biological function of the respiratory system. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The respiratory system serves as the power source for speech production. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Injury to T2-T5 may result in damage to the Phrenic Nerve. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The functional residual capacity of an individual includes his/her residual volume. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Quiet inspiration is under autonomic control. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The lung-thorax unit is closest to equilibrium at 65% vital capacity. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The pectoralis major, serratus anterior, and scalene muscles all have attachments in the arm/shoulder. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The only joint type containing an articulatory space is a: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hyaline, fibrous and elastic are types of __________. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The smallest part of a muscle organ that contracts is the |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The transverse plane divides the body into: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of muscle tissue attaches primarily to the skeletal system? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| When atmospheric pressure is less than the pressure in the lungs, air flows _______the lungs according to Boyles Law |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which division of the pleura coats the thoracic cavity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which plane of reference divides the body into anterior and posterior portions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hyaline cartilage is susceptible to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _________________ is the amount of air in the lungs after a maximum expiration. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| The lungs are a highly ______________structure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The diaphragm is in a dome shaped position: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The diaphragm attaches to the sternum at the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a muscle used in active expiration: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The carina is considered part of the ____ airway |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The primary muscles of quiet expiration are: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
A. subclavius, pectoralis major
B. external obliques, sternocleidomastoid
C. serratus posterior inferior, internal intercostals
D. external intercostals, diaphragm
E. None of the above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During a speech task, when would these muscles become active? |
|
Definition
| Speech at very low lung volumes. |
|
|
Term
| If I wanted to speak softly at 70% vital capacity, what are the main forces at work? |
|
Definition
| elastic recoil and inspiratory checking |
|
|
Term
| If I wanted to speak loudly at 60% vital capacity, what are the main forces at work? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ____ muscle sits deep to the geniohyoid muscle and makes up the floor of the mouth. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ____ is the space between the vocal folds. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The larynx sits inferior to the trachea. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The____ cartilages have an apex, muscular, and vocal processes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The cricoarytenoid joint allows for gliding, rocking and rotation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The hyoid bone sits superior to the thyroid cartilage. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The two joints of the larynx are the cricoarytenoid and thyrohyoid joints. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The thryoid cartilage articulates with the cricoid cartilage via the ____ cornu of the thyroid cartilage. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The posterior digastric muscle elevates the larynx. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The bulk of the vocal fold is made up of the interarytenoid muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Correct is the sole laryngeal abductor muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The _____ is an unpaired elastic cartilage essential for swallowing and uninvolved in speech production. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The____ cartilage has four articular facets with which the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages articulate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The omohyoid muscle is a muscle essential for the control of sound production. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The thyrovocalis muscle attaches to the muscular process of the arytenoids. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the neurochronaxic theory of voice production, each opening and closing of the vocal folds is due to separate nerve firing and muscle contractions. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Both the epiglottis and the thyroid cartilage are essential structures for phonation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The interarytenoid muscle is important for position and support of the larynx. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The physical manifestation of intensity is pitch. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The thyrovocalis muscle has an attachment at the muscular process of the arytenoid. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Using a strobe light during laryngoscopy allows for visualization of the vocal folds vibrating. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Flexible laryngoscopy allows for assessment of laryngeal function during conversational speech. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The omohyoid muscle is a suprahyoid muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The anterior digastric muscle is an intrinsic muscle of the larynx which is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve (CN X). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As mass per unit (or mass/length) increases, tension decreases, and fundamental frequency decreases. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
As mass per unit (or mass/length) increases, tension decreases, and fundamental frequency decreases.
= focal folds fully ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is the space beneath the vocal folds extending to the first tracheal ring? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ____________________ is the part of the thyroid that arises from its lateral surface and projects superiorly, attaching indirectly to the hyoid bone. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To increase loudness at very low fundamental frequencies, you need to increase: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following structures is not composed of elastic cartilage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On average, the male voice’s fundamental frequency during reading is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lowering the pitch of your voice involves ___________ the vocal folds. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The rocking motion of the __________ cartilage relative to the __________ cartilage can increase pitch. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following consist of only extrinsic ligaments/membranes? |
|
Definition
| Lateral hyothyroid ligament, cricotracheal membrane, glossoepiglottic ligament |
|
|
Term
| The anterior portion of the vocal folds attaches to the ________ cartilage(s) and the posterior portion attaches to the _________ cartilage(s): |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following consist only of muscles used in adduction: |
|
Definition
| oblique interarytenoid, tranverse interarytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoid |
|
|
Term
| The glottal fry register is characterized by all of the following: |
|
Definition
A. Long closed quotient
B. Least flexible of the vocal registers
C. Flaccid vocal fold edges
D. Low airflow |
|
|
Term
| Each of the following are joints within the laryngeal mechanism: |
|
Definition
| cricothyroid joint; cricoarytenoid joint |
|
|
Term
| The following are all laryngeal depressors: |
|
Definition
| Thyrohyoid, Sternohyoid, Omohyoid, Sternothyroid |
|
|
Term
| A person makes the following group of phonations: ah, ah, ah, ah, ah (note: Each separation with a comma indicates a separate ‘ah.’) For this example, how many times are the vocal folds adducted using a muscle contraction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All of the following are objective parameters used to assess vocal quality: |
|
Definition
A. intensity
B. shimmer
C. spectrum
D. open quotient |
|
|
Term
| Falsetto vocal fold register is due to: |
|
Definition
| Longer, thinner vocal folds |
|
|
Term
| A functional larynx is essential for all of the following: |
|
Definition
A. thoracic fixation
B. phonation
C. coughing
D. airway protection |
|
|
Term
Put the following statements in the correct order (first to last, a-e) describing the initiation of phonation. Enter the letter in the blank below.
Intrinsic laryngeal muscles adduct the arytenoids/vocal folds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Put the following statements in the correct order (first to last, a-e) describing the initiation of phonation. Enter the letter in the blank below.
Phonation threshold pressure is reached |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Put the following statements in the correct order (first to last, a-e) describing the initiation of phonation. Enter the letter in the blank below.
Vocal folds are blown apart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Put the following statements in the correct order (first to last, a-e) describing the initiation of phonation. Enter the letter in the blank below.
Vocal folds are “sucked” back together |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Put the following statements in the correct order (first to last, a-e) describing the initiation of phonation. Enter the letter in the blank below.
Subglottal pressure builds up |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List the two main processes of the mandible. |
|
Definition
| condyloid and coronoid process |
|
|
Term
| Which suture separates the parietal bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which muscle is referred to as the pouting muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The anterior portion of the hard palate is made up of what bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bone is located at the base of the skull and articulates with the frontal, parietal, and temporal bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What muscle functions to raise the back of the tongue and lower the soft palate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which pair of bones form the medial-anterior wall of the orbital cavity of the eye. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What soft palate muscle is most important for the production of non-nasal sounds. |
|
Definition
| levator veli palatini muscle |
|
|
Term
| List two fibrous joints of the skull. |
|
Definition
| lambdoidal and sagittal suture |
|
|
Term
| Opening of the Eustachian tube results from contraction of what muscle? |
|
Definition
| tensor veli palatini muscle |
|
|
Term
| What muscle is essential for ‘lip rounding’ during the production of speech sounds? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bone articulates with the frontal bone, maxilla, and temporal bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| List the primary muscle for tongue depression. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a common muscle employed in the production of all the following sounds /k, d, b, s/? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The lower lip is less mobile than the upper lip. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A retrognathic or Class II malocclusion occurs when the maxilla lies posteriorly to the mandible. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Both the posterior cricoarytenoid and lateral cricoarytenoid muscles are essential for the production of voiced consonants. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The anterior portion of the hard palate is made up of the maxilla bone. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The parietomastoid suture is a fibrous joint containing a large articulatory space. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the temporalis ___ the mandible |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the geniohyoid ____ the mandible |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the masseter ____ the mandible |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the lateral pterygoid ____ the mandible |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The temporomandibular joint is formed by the: |
|
Definition
| Condyloid process of mandible and temporal bone. |
|
|
Term
| What is a common muscle employed in the production of all the following sounds /g, d, p, s/? (Hint – the answer is not a primary mover muscle) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The function of the hyoglossus muscle includes all of the following: |
|
Definition
| draws the tongue back and downward |
|
|
Term
| The phonemes ‘sh’, ‘ch’, & ‘r’ share what common primary mover muscle? |
|
Definition
| Genioglossus & Superior longitudinal muscle |
|
|
Term
| Of the theories of speech production, which can account for auditory feedback, but not for phoneme variation seen with coarticulation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a common muscle employed in the production of all the following sounds /m, n, d/? (Hint – the answer is not a primary mover muscle) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| All of the following are parts of the tongue: |
|
Definition
A. Apex
B. Base
C. Dorsum
D. Root |
|
|
Term
For the following types of sounds, indicate which muscle(s) move the primary articulator
Labiodental: |
|
Definition
| Inferior orbicularis oris |
|
|
Term
For the following types of sounds, indicate which muscle(s) move the primary articulator
Linguavelar: |
|
Definition
| Styloglossus & Palatoglossus |
|
|
Term
| The parietal bone is classified as a ____ bone: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The cavity bounded by nares anteriorly and posteriorly by the nasopharynx is the: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The following are all facial bones: |
|
Definition
| lacrimal, nasal, palatine |
|
|
Term
| The upper teeth are housed in the alveolar process of the _________ bone: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following consist only of muscles that manipulate the velum: |
|
Definition
| palatoglossus, uvula, tensor veli palatini |
|
|
Term
| The buccinators, when contracted |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are 2 phonemes produced with the orbicularis oris and lateral cricoarytenoid as movers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The _____ muscle can be used to lower the velum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is the zygomatic process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is the styloid process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is the mastoid process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are two biological functions of the oral cavity? |
|
Definition
One biological function of the Oral Cavity is communication between the respiratory tract and the atmosphere.
Another biological function of the Oral Cavity is mastication and enzymatic breakdown. |
|
|
Term
| All of the following muscles are innervated by Cranial Nerve VII (Facial Nerve): |
|
Definition
A. Orbicularis oris
B. Platysma
C. Mentalis
D. Buccinator |
|
|
Term
All of the following muscles are innervated by Cranial Nerve X (Vagus Nerve) except:
A. levator veli palatini
B. palatoglossus
C. tensor veli palatini
D. uvula muscle
E. All of the above are innervated by Cranial Nerve X. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When foreign material enters the airway, but remains above the level of the vocal folds. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The TWO phases of swallow which are largely considered to be controlled by involuntary processes. |
|
Definition
| esophageal and pharyngeal phase |
|
|
Term
| The term used for a “swallowing disorder. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When foreign material passes below the level of the vocal folds. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This method of assessing swallowing allows for scanning of the esophagus during swallowing. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This method of assessing swallowing involves the ingestion of barium contrast. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This method of assessing swallowing requires exposure to x-ray. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This method of assessing swallowing allows for visualization of function DURING swallowing. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The phase of swallowing where there is inversion of the epiglottis, hyolaryngeal elevation/excursion, and laryngeal closure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This method of assessing swallowing allows for the direct visualization of laryngeal structure and function for swallowing. |
|
Definition
| fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing |
|
|
Term
| This process is limited to the placement of food in the mouth prior to swallow initiation (hint: includes the oral preparatory and oral phases). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The phase of swallowing where the food is brought to the mouth, sucked, chewed, and mixed with saliva. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fancy word for “chewing.” |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A formed mass of liquid or food to ingest. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The volume/capacity labeled 1 above is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The volume/capacity labeled 2 above is: |
|
Definition
| Inspiratory Reserve Volume |
|
|
Term
| The volume/capacity labeled 3 above is: |
|
Definition
| functional residual capacity |
|
|
Term
| The volume/capacity labeled 4 above is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Select the choice below which appropriately labels the figure.
A. A is rectus abdominis, B is external oblique
B. A is rectus abdominis, B is transverse abdominis
C. A is external oblique, B is rectus abdominis
D. A is transverse abdominis, B is rectus abdominis. |
|
Definition
| A is rectus abdominis, B is transverse abdominis |
|
|
Term
| The _________ are active when speaking softly at very high lung volumes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What cranial nerve innervates these muscles |
|
Definition
| recurrent laryngeal nerve |
|
|
Term
| In the following figure, the _______ muscle is shown in red: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle attached to the orbicular is oris is inferior to the zygomatic muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle attached to the orbicular is oris is superior to the Risorius muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
