Term
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Definition
| Number of instances that occur in a given period of time |
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Term
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Definition
| Specific behavior must occure before that reinforcer will be presented |
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Term
| Noncontingent Reinforcement |
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Definition
| Reinforcer is presented at a particular time regardless of the preceeding behavior |
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Term
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Definition
"learned"/"secondary"
stimuli that weren't originially reinforcing but have become reinforcers by being paired with other reinforcers |
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Term
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Definition
| When a stimulus becomes a conditioned reinforcer through deliberate association with other reinforcers |
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Term
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Definition
"primary"
-stimuli/events important for survival/biological functioning
-reinforcing without prior learning/conditioning |
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Term
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Definition
| Behavior Modification program in which individuals can earn tokens for specific behaviors and can cash in tokens for back up reinforcers |
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Term
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Definition
| If an individual emits a previously reinforced behavior and that behavior is not followed by a reinforver then that person is less likely to od the same thing again when next encountering a simliar situation |
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Term
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Definition
| Arrangement in which each instance of a particular response is reinforced |
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Term
| Intermittent Reinforcement |
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Definition
| Arrangement in which a respose is reinforced only occasionally rather than every time |
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Term
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Definition
High steady rate; short post reinforcement pause
Ex: Push ups before taking a break |
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Term
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Definition
High steady rate; no postreinforcement pause
Ex: Slot machines |
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Term
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Definition
Gradually increasing rate; long postreinforcement
Ex: Picking up paycheck after fixed time |
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Term
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Definition
Moderate steady rate; no postreinforcement
Ex: Checking for mail |
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Term
| Fixed Interval with Limited Hold |
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Definition
High steady rate (small intervals); short reinforcement
Ex: Waiting for a bus |
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Term
| Variable Interval with Limited Hold |
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Definition
High steady rate; no postreinforcement
Ex: Calling a busy phone line |
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Term
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Definition
Continuous Behavior
Ex: Worker paid by the hour |
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Term
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Definition
Continuous behavior
Ex: waiting for traffic to clear before crossing |
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Term
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Definition
| Gradual change over successive trials of an antecedent stimulus that controls a response so that the response eventually occurs to a partially changed/completely new stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| Guiding learning through touch |
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Term
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Definition
| Motions that the teacher makes |
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Term
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Definition
| Correct behavior is demonstrated |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Development of a new behavior by the reinforcement of successive approximations of that behavior and the extinction of earlier approximations of that behavior until new behavior occurs |
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Term
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Definition
Time between the controlling stimulus and the behavior
Ex: Time between questions and response |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Non-Exclusionary Time outs |
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Definition
| Introducing into the situation immediately following behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| Removing an individual briefly from reinforcing situation after a behavior |
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Term
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Definition
-Pain inducing
-Reprimand
-Time Out
-Response-cost |
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Term
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Definition
| Distinct stimulus presented prior to an opportunity for a response to occur and be followed by reinforcement |
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Term
| Importance of Varied Reinforcement |
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Definition
-Never be phony
-Don't praise when not worthy
-Use even during minor successes |
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Term
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Definition
Differential Reinforcement of low rates (DRL)
Differential Reinforcement of Zero Responding (DRO)
Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior (DRI)
Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior (DRA) |
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Term
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Definition
| Stimulus that when presented immediately following a behavior, causes the behavior to increase in frequency |
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Term
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Definition
-Positive Reinforcement intervention used to change student behavior
-Expectations of the student and teacher defined |
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Term
| If a parent tries to teach a child to hold a pencil and make a line on a piece of paper by physically guiding the child's hand and if over successive trials the physical guidance lessened until the parent stops completely. This is an example of: |
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Definition
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Term
| Susan praises her child for saying "please" before being given a treat and for saying, "thank you" after receiving the treat |
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Definition
| Stimulus Discrimination Training |
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Term
| When a teacher demonstrates a correct behavior |
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Definition
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Term
| While teaching a child to obtain the appropriate colored object when the teacher said either "Blue" or "green", the teacher's pointing to correct object is an example of: |
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Definition
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Term
| A reinforcer for which tokens can be exchanged in order to maintain their reinforcing power |
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Definition
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Term
| Stimuli which are reinforcing without prior learning |
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Definition
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Term
| Money is an example of what kind of reinforcer? |
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Definition
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Term
| An extinction program may fail because |
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Definition
| a desirable alternative behavior was not appropriately strengthened |
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Term
| An increase in responding during extinction is known as an |
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Definition
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Term
| The procedure used for developing a new behavior by successively reinforcing cloer approximation and extinguishing preceding approximation to achieve a final desired behavior is referred to as: |
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Definition
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Term
| A guideline for effective application of shaping is to: |
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Definition
| Never more to a new approximation until the student has mastered the previous approximation |
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Term
| Across several practices a summer is reinforced for starting more and more quickly to the sounds of the starter's pistol |
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Definition
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Term
| Sally tells her dog to sit while pressing down on the dog's rump. When the dog is in a complete sitting position, she gives it a dog biscuit over trials, Sally pushes the dog down with less and less force until eventually it is sitting on command |
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Definition
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Term
| An event which, when presented immediately following a behavior, causes the behavior to decrease in frequency |
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Definition
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Term
| Strong negative verbal stimulus |
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Definition
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Term
| A traffic ticket is an example of |
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Definition
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Term
| Removing individual for a short time from the situation in which reinforcement is occuring |
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Definition
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Term
| As a consequence of coming home later than an agreed upon curfew, a teenager loses the privilege of driving the family car for one week is an example of: |
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Definition
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